Germinação e morfologia de sementes de Roystonea regia (Kunth) O.F. Cook (Arecaceae)
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Data
2007-08-06
Autores
Penariol, Ana Paula [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A palmeira Roystonea regia (Kunth) O.F. Cook, embora muito utilizada no paisagismo brasileiro, há poucas informações sobre produção de mudas; desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a morfologia do diásporo (semente com o endocarpo aderido) e da plântula, bem como, estudar o efeito do despolpamento e do armazenamento na germinação de sementes provenientes de frutos de diferentes estádios de maturação. Para estudo do efeito do despolpamento em diferentes estádios de maturação, o delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x3, ou seja, com e sem polpa nos três estádios de maturação (vermelho, amarelo, preto). Utilizou-se 4 repetições de 25 diásporos que foram acondicionados em caixas plásticas contendo vermiculita média, colocadas em condições de laboratório (24,5-27,5°C). Para o estudo de armazenamento, o delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado; os diásporos foram acondicionados em sacos de polietileno transparentes e colocados em câmara fria (3-4ºC e UR de 80 a 85%). Logo após a colheita (testemunha) e mensalmente, durante 10 meses, 4 repetições de 25 diásporos eram colocados em caixas plásticas, contendo vermiculita média e levados para câmaras de germinação tipo BOD com temperatura controlada de 35°C. A contagem da germinação foi realizada diariamente, até estabilização da germinação, utilizando como critério o aparecimento do botão germinativo. Determinou-se a porcentagem de germinação e o Índice de Velocidade de Germinação – IVG. Para o estudo do despolpamento em diferentes estádios de maturação, as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% e para armazenamento, foi realizada análise de regressão polinomial. Verificou-se que as sementes são albuminosas, com endosperma rígido ocupando quase todo o interior do diásporo; o embrião...
The palm (Roystonea regia (Kunth) O.F. Cook), though very much used in the Brazilian landscape gardening there are few information on production of seedlings. However, the objective of this work was to report the morphology of the diaspores (seed with adherent endocarp) and of the seedling, as well as, to study the pulping effect and the storage in the seeds germination from fruits of different maturation and stages. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, following a factorial scheme (2x3) with four replications of 25 diaspores. These were conditioned in plastic boxes containing vermiculite and put in laboratory condition (24,5-27,5°C) to study the pulping effect. In another hand, for storage study the diaspores were conditioned in transparent polyethylene bags and put in chamber chill (3-4ºC and relative humidity of 80 a 85%). Analysis germination was carried out daily until complete stabilization of the germination, using as criterion the appearance of the germinative intumescences. The parameters analyzed were percentage of germination - PG and germination speed index – GSI. The pulping data’s were submitted to variance analysis and the average values were compared by the Tukey test at 5% and the storage data’s were analyzed through Polinomial Regression. The results showed that seeds are the albumin type with rigid endosperm occupying almost all the diaspores, with lateral and peripherical embryo. It was conclude that seeds grew by 10 months storage through. The pulping independent maturation stage fruit allowed high percentage and germination speed. Seeds from black and yellow fruits showed larger percentage germination comparing with red fruits, as well as, when storage in chamber chill, where black fruit had 98% germination, yellow fruit 97% and red fruit 85%.
The palm (Roystonea regia (Kunth) O.F. Cook), though very much used in the Brazilian landscape gardening there are few information on production of seedlings. However, the objective of this work was to report the morphology of the diaspores (seed with adherent endocarp) and of the seedling, as well as, to study the pulping effect and the storage in the seeds germination from fruits of different maturation and stages. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, following a factorial scheme (2x3) with four replications of 25 diaspores. These were conditioned in plastic boxes containing vermiculite and put in laboratory condition (24,5-27,5°C) to study the pulping effect. In another hand, for storage study the diaspores were conditioned in transparent polyethylene bags and put in chamber chill (3-4ºC and relative humidity of 80 a 85%). Analysis germination was carried out daily until complete stabilization of the germination, using as criterion the appearance of the germinative intumescences. The parameters analyzed were percentage of germination - PG and germination speed index – GSI. The pulping data’s were submitted to variance analysis and the average values were compared by the Tukey test at 5% and the storage data’s were analyzed through Polinomial Regression. The results showed that seeds are the albumin type with rigid endosperm occupying almost all the diaspores, with lateral and peripherical embryo. It was conclude that seeds grew by 10 months storage through. The pulping independent maturation stage fruit allowed high percentage and germination speed. Seeds from black and yellow fruits showed larger percentage germination comparing with red fruits, as well as, when storage in chamber chill, where black fruit had 98% germination, yellow fruit 97% and red fruit 85%.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Palmeira, Sementes - Armazenamento, Palmeira-real, Despolpa, Real-palm, Storage, Pulped
Como citar
PENARIOL, Ana Paula. Germinação e morfologia de sementes de Roystonea regia (Kunth) O.F. Cook (Arecaceae). 2007. vii, 27 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2007.