Alterações metabólicas de plantas de milho submetidas à aplicação de glyphosate e fosfito
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Data
2011-02-25
Autores
Gomes, Giovanna Larissa Gimenes Cotrick [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O glyphosate é um herbicida de largo espectro de controle, não seletivo, e seu sítio de ação é a inibição da enzima 5-enolpiruvilchiquimato 3-fosfato sintase (EPSPs). Com a inibição da enzima, e o bloqueio da rota do ácido chiquímico pelo glyphosate, ocorre o acúmulo de alguns compostos como os ácidos chiquímico e quínico, além de outras alterações metabólicas e fisiológicas nas plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alterações metabólicas e fisiológicas de plantas de milho submetidas à aplicação de glyphosate isolado e em associação com fosfito. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação, no Núcleo de Pesquisas Avançadas em Matologia (NUPAM), pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – FCA/UNESP. Foi utilizado o híbrido de milho Pioneer 30F53, em vasos contendo 5 litros de substrato e os tratamentos foram compostos da aplicação de: glyphosate (72 g e.a. ha-1); glyphosate (720 g e.a. ha-1); glyphosate (72 g e.a. ha-1) + fosfito (3 L p.c. ha-1); glyphosate (720 g e.a. ha-1) + fosfito (3 L p.c. ha-1); fosfito (3 L p.c. ha-1); e uma testemunha sem aplicação. Foram realizados dois experimentos, com os mesmos tratamentos, mas com avaliações distintas. No primeiro, foram realizadas cinco coletas de todas as folhas das plantas aos 2, 4, 6, 10 e 15 dias após a aplicação (DAA) dos tratamentos. No segundo experimento, foi realizada a medição do fluxo de transporte de elétrons (ETR) nas folhas jovens e maduras, avaliações visuais de intoxicação, medição da altura e quantificação da matéria seca ao final do experimento. As folhas coletadas foram secas e moídas e utilizadas para quantificação dos seguintes compostos: ácido chiquímico, ácido quínico, ácido desidrochiquímico, ácido aminometilfosfônico (AMPA), glyphosate, fenilalanina, tirosina e triptofano. Foram também realizados testes de extração dos compostos...
The glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide, non-selective, and the site of action is the inhibition of the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs). The inhibition of the enzyme results in a reduction in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan), and secondary compounds. The glyphosate block of the shikimic acid pathway and causes the accumulation of some compounds like shikimic acid and quinic acid, and other metabolic and physiological effects in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic and physiological effects in corn plants after application of glyphosate and phosphite. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse in the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences at São Paulo State University. It was used the corn Pioneer 30F53, planted in vases containing 5 liters of substrate. The treatments were: glyphosate (72 g a.e. ha 1), glyphosate (720 g a.e. ha-1), glyphosate (72 g a.e. ha-1) + phosphite (3 L ha-1), glyphosate (720 g a.e. ha-1) + phosphite (3 L ha-1), phosphite (3 L ha -1) and an untreated control. Two experiments were carried out with the same treatments but with different evaluations. At first, it were realized five samples of all corn plant leaves at 2, 4, 6, 10 and 15 days after application (DAA). The second experiment was performed the evaluation of the electron transport rate (ETR) in young and mature leaves, visual evaluations of intoxication, height and weight of the plants. The leaves collected were dried, grated and used to quantify the compounds: shikimic acid, quinic acid, 3-dehydroshikimic acid, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), glyphosate, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Extraction tests of compounds were conducted to choose the most appropriate and were development of analytical methods in LC-MS/MS. The extraction of the compounds that proved most appropriate was using the dry mass... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide, non-selective, and the site of action is the inhibition of the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs). The inhibition of the enzyme results in a reduction in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan), and secondary compounds. The glyphosate block of the shikimic acid pathway and causes the accumulation of some compounds like shikimic acid and quinic acid, and other metabolic and physiological effects in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic and physiological effects in corn plants after application of glyphosate and phosphite. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse in the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences at São Paulo State University. It was used the corn Pioneer 30F53, planted in vases containing 5 liters of substrate. The treatments were: glyphosate (72 g a.e. ha 1), glyphosate (720 g a.e. ha-1), glyphosate (72 g a.e. ha-1) + phosphite (3 L ha-1), glyphosate (720 g a.e. ha-1) + phosphite (3 L ha-1), phosphite (3 L ha -1) and an untreated control. Two experiments were carried out with the same treatments but with different evaluations. At first, it were realized five samples of all corn plant leaves at 2, 4, 6, 10 and 15 days after application (DAA). The second experiment was performed the evaluation of the electron transport rate (ETR) in young and mature leaves, visual evaluations of intoxication, height and weight of the plants. The leaves collected were dried, grated and used to quantify the compounds: shikimic acid, quinic acid, 3-dehydroshikimic acid, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), glyphosate, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Extraction tests of compounds were conducted to choose the most appropriate and were development of analytical methods in LC-MS/MS. The extraction of the compounds that proved most appropriate was using the dry mass... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milho, Herbicidas, Plantas - Metabolismo, Fosfito, Corn, Glyphosate, Phosphite
Como citar
GOMES, Giovanna Larissa Gimenes Cotrick. Alterações metabólicas de plantas de milho submetidas à aplicação de glyphosate e fosfito. 2011. v, 97 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2011.