Variação em biomarcadores bioquímicos de contaminação em Tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) de diferentes portes
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2012-02-13
Autores
Silva, Daniele Caetano da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estudos de alterações bioquímicas em espécies aquáticas expostas a poluentes são abundantes na literatura. Todavia, existem poucas pesquisas voltadas a compreender de que forma animais de uma mesma espécie, mas com pesos diferentes, respondem a contaminantes. Então, identificar a influência deste fator nas respostas de peixes a contaminantes ambientais é extremamente importante para estudos ecotoxicológicos. No presente estudo, tilápias do Nilo de diferentes portes (jovens, adultas de menor peso e adultas de maior peso) foram tratadas com benzo(a)pireno (0,5 mg L-1), diazinon (1,0 mg L-1), cádmio (0,5 mg L-1) e cobre (0,5 mg L-1) por três dias. Após as exposições, as tilápias foram anestesiadas com benzocaína (40,0 mg L-1) e sacrificadas para retirada do cérebro, fígado e brânquias para análise de biomarcadores: tais como de extresse oxidativo (que incluem as enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) e glutationa peroxidase (GPx)); enzimas de fase I e II de biotransformação (7-etoxiresorufina-O-deetilase (EROD) e glutationa S-transferase (GST), respectivamente); enzimas esterases (acetilcolinesterase (AChE) e carboxilesterase (CbE)); e níveis de peroxidação lipídica. Os resultados mostraram que a exposição ao diazinon e ao cádmio provocou inibição das esterases nos fígado e nas brânquias das tilápias adultas. A atividade da SOD e da CAT foi afetada (diminuiu) apenas nas tilápias jovens, enquanto que a GPx foi afetada nas tilápias adultas, porém, esses efeitos não implicaram em aumento nos níveis de peroxidação lipídica dos peixes. Já as enzimas de biotransformação de fase I e II apresentaram indução significativa para a exposição ao benzo(a)pireno nas tilápias jovens e adultas de menor peso, indicando o envolvimento das mesmas na detoxificação do composto. A falta de indução...
Studies of biochemical changes in aquatic species exposed to pollutant are abundant in literature. However, there are little researches aimed to understand whether animals of the same species, but with different weights, respond to contaminants. Then, the identification of the influence of this factor in the responses of fish to environmental contaminants is of primordial importance for ecotoxicological studies. In this study, Nile tilapia of different sizes (juvenile, adults of lower weight and adults of higher weight) were exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (0.5 mg L-1), diazinon (1.0 mg L-1), cadmium (0.5 mg L-1) and copper (0.5 mg L-1) for three days. After the exposure, the tilapias were anesthetized with benzocaine (40.0 mg L-1) and sacrificed to remove the brain, the liver and the gills for analysis of biomarkers: such as of oxidative stress ( that include the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)); enzymes of phase I and II biotransformation (7-etoxiresorufina-O-deetilase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), respectively); esterase enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CbE)); and levels of lipid peroxidation. The results showed that exposure to diazinon and to cadmium caused inhibition of esterases in the liver and in the gills of the adults tilapias. The activity of SOD and CAT was affected (decreased) only in juvenile tilapia while GPx was affected in adult tilapia, however, these effects did not result in increases in the levels of lipid peroxidation of the fish. Since the phase I and II biotransformation enzymes showed significant induction to exposure the benzo[a]pyrene only in juvenile tilapia and in adults of lower weight tilapia, it would be suggested the involvement of the same in the detoxification of the compound. The lack of induction in adults of higher... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Studies of biochemical changes in aquatic species exposed to pollutant are abundant in literature. However, there are little researches aimed to understand whether animals of the same species, but with different weights, respond to contaminants. Then, the identification of the influence of this factor in the responses of fish to environmental contaminants is of primordial importance for ecotoxicological studies. In this study, Nile tilapia of different sizes (juvenile, adults of lower weight and adults of higher weight) were exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (0.5 mg L-1), diazinon (1.0 mg L-1), cadmium (0.5 mg L-1) and copper (0.5 mg L-1) for three days. After the exposure, the tilapias were anesthetized with benzocaine (40.0 mg L-1) and sacrificed to remove the brain, the liver and the gills for analysis of biomarkers: such as of oxidative stress ( that include the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)); enzymes of phase I and II biotransformation (7-etoxiresorufina-O-deetilase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), respectively); esterase enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CbE)); and levels of lipid peroxidation. The results showed that exposure to diazinon and to cadmium caused inhibition of esterases in the liver and in the gills of the adults tilapias. The activity of SOD and CAT was affected (decreased) only in juvenile tilapia while GPx was affected in adult tilapia, however, these effects did not result in increases in the levels of lipid peroxidation of the fish. Since the phase I and II biotransformation enzymes showed significant induction to exposure the benzo[a]pyrene only in juvenile tilapia and in adults of lower weight tilapia, it would be suggested the involvement of the same in the detoxification of the compound. The lack of induction in adults of higher... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ecologia animal, Toxicologia ambiental, Tilápia (Peixe) – Efeito da poluição da água, Marcadores biologicos, Estresse oxidativo, Biomarcadores de contaminação, Biomarkers of contamination, Oxidative stress
Como citar
SILVA, Daniele Caetano da. Variação em biomarcadores bioquímicos de contaminação em Tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) de diferentes portes. 2012. 64 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2012.