Tratamento físico-químico de efluentes de curtume por meio de filtros de membrana seletiva
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Data
2012-07-12
Autores
Geromel, Camila Gabriela Alexandre [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Historicamente, as indústrias de curtimento de couro são consideradas extremamente poluidoras devido aos seus rejeitos com altas concentrações de matéria orgânica e metais pesados, características que influenciam em vários parâmetros de análise de efluentes, tais como DBO, DQO e sólidos totais. Vários trabalhos foram desenvolvidos, tendo como objeto de estudo o efluente da empresa Fuga Couros Jales Ltda, sediada no município de Jales/SP. O reator anaeróbio UASB em etapa única foi utilizado primeiramente, como dispositivo de tratamento, e posteriormente foi analisado este mesmo reator combinado a pré-tratamento físico químico e pós-tratamento biológico, no entanto nenhum deles apresentou satisfatória eficiência da remoção de DBO, assim como também não atenderam as exigências da legislação vigente, em praticamente quase todos os parâmetros analisados. O presente trabalho teve como objeto de estudo o efluente deste Curtume e seu objetivo principal foi reduzir a carga de compostos de enxofre por oxidação química e reduzir a carga orgânica e de sólidos nas etapas de coagulação-floculação-sedimentação com posterior separação por membrana microfiltrante, e a redução dos sólidos remanescentes no efluente, na etapa de ultrafiltração por membrana, a concentrações aceitáveis para o descarte de efluentes. Para tanto, foram analisados previamente em jar-test uma faixa de pH adequada de trabalho para adição de cloreto férrico e o policloreto de alumínio, assim como analisar seus comportamentos quanto à eficiência de remoção de sólidos e, com relação ao peróxido de hidrogênio, permanganato de potássio e sulfato manganoso quanto à sua eficiência na oxidação de sulfeto. Posteriormente, foram analisadas as interações entre cada um destes reagentes e, em posse dos resultados destas análises, optou-se por aplicar o sulfato...
Historically, the industries of leather tanning are considered highly polluting due to its tailings with high concentrations of organic matter and heavy metals, characteristics that influence on several effluent parameters, such as BOD, COD and total solids. Several studies have been developed, object of to study, the effluent from the company Fuga Couros Jales Ltda, whose locate in Jales/SP city, Brazil. The UASB reactor in single step was used on time first as a treatment device, and later the same reactor combined physical and chemical pre-treatment and post-biological treatment, however none showed removal efficiencies of DBO satisfactory, and also did not reached the goal of the current legislation practically in all analyzed parameters. This research had as object of its study the tannery effluent and its main goal was to reduce the sulfur compounds concentration by chemical oxidation, organic loading and solids reduction in the stages of coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation with subsequent microfiltration membrane separation, and, the reduction of solids still remaining in the wastewater, in ultrafiltration membrane step to acceptable concentrations for effluent disposal. Therefore, were analyzed previously in Jar-Test a pH range suitable for working with the ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride, and, analyzing their behavior as regards the solids removal efficiency and, with respect to hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate and manganous sulfate as the efficiency in the sulfide oxidation. Subsequently, we analyzed the interactions between each of these reagents, and ownership of the results of these analyzes, we chose to apply the manganous sulfate and ferric chloride to the physical-chemical treatment. The proposed treatment presents a good sulfide and suspended solids removal (62% and 96%.), However... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Historically, the industries of leather tanning are considered highly polluting due to its tailings with high concentrations of organic matter and heavy metals, characteristics that influence on several effluent parameters, such as BOD, COD and total solids. Several studies have been developed, object of to study, the effluent from the company Fuga Couros Jales Ltda, whose locate in Jales/SP city, Brazil. The UASB reactor in single step was used on time first as a treatment device, and later the same reactor combined physical and chemical pre-treatment and post-biological treatment, however none showed removal efficiencies of DBO satisfactory, and also did not reached the goal of the current legislation practically in all analyzed parameters. This research had as object of its study the tannery effluent and its main goal was to reduce the sulfur compounds concentration by chemical oxidation, organic loading and solids reduction in the stages of coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation with subsequent microfiltration membrane separation, and, the reduction of solids still remaining in the wastewater, in ultrafiltration membrane step to acceptable concentrations for effluent disposal. Therefore, were analyzed previously in Jar-Test a pH range suitable for working with the ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride, and, analyzing their behavior as regards the solids removal efficiency and, with respect to hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate and manganous sulfate as the efficiency in the sulfide oxidation. Subsequently, we analyzed the interactions between each of these reagents, and ownership of the results of these analyzes, we chose to apply the manganous sulfate and ferric chloride to the physical-chemical treatment. The proposed treatment presents a good sulfide and suspended solids removal (62% and 96%.), However... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Curtumes, Separação de membrana, Filtros de membrana, Águas residuais - Purificação, Sewage treatment
Como citar
GEROMEL, Camila Gabriela Alexandre. Tratamento físico-químico de efluentes de curtume por meio de filtros de membrana seletiva. 2012. 232 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2012.