Alterações de propriedades físico-químicas em solo de cerrado cultivado com algodão sob sistemas de manejo e doses de gesso
Carregando...
Data
2010-08-23
Autores
Minguini, Rodrigo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os sistemas de manejo de solo alteram as suas condições físicas e químicas para o crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas. A aplicação do gesso agrícola como condicionador de solo, reduz a saturação de alumínio e aumenta a quantidade de cálcio e enxofre em subsuperfície. Isto faz com que as raízes tenham acesso a maior volume de água e nutrientes, e conseqüentemente maior produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as alterações de algumas propriedades físicas e químicas de um Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico argiloso, na região de Chapadão do Sul (MS), cultivado com algodão na safra, sob sistemas de manejo do solo, com diferentes doses de gesso. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, sendo utilizados como tratamentos, três preparos de solo e quatro doses de gesso (1000, 2000, 3000 e 4000 kg ha-1) e uma testemunha, com quatro repetições. Nas parcelas principais os tratamentos com sistemas de preparo do solo, foram: preparo convencional (aração com arado de aiveca seguido de gradagem niveladora), cultivo mínimo (escarificação) e plantio direto (sem revolvimento do solo). Nas subparcelas estudaram-se as doses de gesso. Avaliou-se nas camadas de 0-0,05, 0,05-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m, as seguintes propriedades físicas do solo: densidade do solo, volume de macroporos, microporos e porosidade total, e as propriedades químicas: P, MO, pH, K, Ca, Mg, H+Al, Al, SB, T, V%, m% e S-SO4, sendo as amostragens realizadas em duas épocas, ou seja, antes e depois do cultivo do algodão. Os sistemas de manejo do solo não influenciaram as propriedades físicas do Latossolo da região do Chapadão do Sul, para as condições do estudo. As doses de gesso incrementaram os teores de S linearmente na profundidade de 0,05-0,20 m, por um período de 11 meses. Os sistemas de manejo do solo não afetaram a produtividade de algodão em caroço...
The management systems of soil affect its physical and chemical conditions for growth and development of plants. The application of gypsum as soil conditioner, reduces the aluminum saturation and increases the amount of calcium and sulfur in the subsurface. This causes the roots have access to larger volumes of water and nutrients, and consequently greater productivity. The objective of this work was to study the changes of some physical and chemical properties of an red Oxisol dystrophic clayey, in the region of Chapadão do Sul (MS), cultivated with cotton in the crop under soil management systems, with different rates of gypsum. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split plots being used as treatments, three soil tillages and four rates of gypsum (1000, 2000, 3000 e 4000 kg ha-1) and a witness, with four repetitions. The main plots in treatments with soil tillage systems, were: conventional tillage (tillage with moldboard plow followed by disking leveling), minimum cultivation (scarification) and direct plantation (without soil disturbance). In Subplots was studied the rates of gypsum. Was evaluated at depths of 0-0.05, 0.20-0.40 m and 0.05 to 0.20, the following soil physical properties: soil density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, and chemical properties: P, OM, pH, K, Ca, Mg, H + Al, Al, SB, T, V% m% and SSO4, being the samplings performed in two times, before and after the cultivation of cotton. The systems of soil management did not influence the physical properties of Oxisol in the region Chapadão do Sul, to the conditions of the study. The doses of gypsum increased the levels of S linearly in the depth of 0.05 to 0.20 m, for a period of 11 months. The systems of soil management did not affect the productivity of cotton in seed, however, minimum tillage and conventional tillage obtained a production increment of 7% more than the direct plantation
The management systems of soil affect its physical and chemical conditions for growth and development of plants. The application of gypsum as soil conditioner, reduces the aluminum saturation and increases the amount of calcium and sulfur in the subsurface. This causes the roots have access to larger volumes of water and nutrients, and consequently greater productivity. The objective of this work was to study the changes of some physical and chemical properties of an red Oxisol dystrophic clayey, in the region of Chapadão do Sul (MS), cultivated with cotton in the crop under soil management systems, with different rates of gypsum. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split plots being used as treatments, three soil tillages and four rates of gypsum (1000, 2000, 3000 e 4000 kg ha-1) and a witness, with four repetitions. The main plots in treatments with soil tillage systems, were: conventional tillage (tillage with moldboard plow followed by disking leveling), minimum cultivation (scarification) and direct plantation (without soil disturbance). In Subplots was studied the rates of gypsum. Was evaluated at depths of 0-0.05, 0.20-0.40 m and 0.05 to 0.20, the following soil physical properties: soil density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, and chemical properties: P, OM, pH, K, Ca, Mg, H + Al, Al, SB, T, V% m% and SSO4, being the samplings performed in two times, before and after the cultivation of cotton. The systems of soil management did not influence the physical properties of Oxisol in the region Chapadão do Sul, to the conditions of the study. The doses of gypsum increased the levels of S linearly in the depth of 0.05 to 0.20 m, for a period of 11 months. The systems of soil management did not affect the productivity of cotton in seed, however, minimum tillage and conventional tillage obtained a production increment of 7% more than the direct plantation
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Plantio direto, Porosidade, Produtividade agrícola, Gossypium hirsutum, Direct plantation, Porosity, Productivity
Como citar
MINGUINI, Rodrigo. Alterações de propriedades físico-químicas em solo de cerrado cultivado com algodão sob sistemas de manejo e doses de gesso. 2010. 72 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2010.