Aceria litchii (Keifer) em lichia: ocorrência sazonal, danos provocados e identificação de possíveis agentes de controle biológico
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Data
2010-08-04
Autores
Picoli, Pedro Renan Ferreira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A lichia é uma fruta de grande valor econômico. A cultura da lichia pode ser muito danificada pela infestação do ácaro Aceria litchii (Keifer), sua principal praga. Pouco se conhece sobre os padrões de ocorrência e de diversidade de comunidades de ácaros associados a essa cultura no Brasil, sendo que esse conhecimento é básico e imprescindível na elaboração de propostas de manejo dessa praga. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos acompanhar a ocorrência de A. litchii em plantas de lichia no município de Casa Branca, estado de São Paulo, caracterizar os sintomas de danos decorrentes do seu desenvolvimento e identificar possíveis agentes de controle biológico dessa praga. A ocorrência de A. litchii e os danos provocados foram acompanhados em quatro árvores adultas, de 12 anos de idade, da variedade Bengal. Para isso, mensalmente, de cada planta, foram coletadas quatro extremidades de ramo com aproximadamente 0,5 m de comprimento, no período de agosto de 2008 a agosto de 2009. Os ácaros predadores foram avaliados em dois ramos de 0,30 m de comprimento. As variáveis consideradas para A. litchii foram: porcentagem de folhas atacadas, número de galhas nas folhas, número de ácaros em galhas presentes em folhas e gemas. Os predadores foram montados em lâmina de microscopia, identificados e contados. Nas galhas foram observadas formas brancas e vermelhas, ambas identificadas como A. litchii. A maior quantidade das duas formas foi registrada em outubro de 2008, com o número de formas vermelhas superando o de brancas. Ambas foram registradas em maior quantidade em folhas novas. Formas brancas em folhas novas apresentaram correlação negativa com o aumento da temperatura e da evapotranspiração. A infestação de A. litchii resultou em intensa erinose. Inicialmente surgiram eríneos claros na página inferior das folhas novas, que...
The lychee is a fruit of great economic value. The culture of litchi can be very damaged by the infestation of the Aceria litchii (Keifer) mite, their main pest. Little is known about the patterns of occurrence and diversity of communities of mites associated with this crop in Brazil, and this knowledge is basic and essential in preparing proposals for the management of this pest. The work objectives were study the occurrence of A. litchii on litchi plants in the municipality of Casa Branca, state of Sao Paulo, to characterize the symptoms of damage resulting from its development and identify possible biological control agents of this pest. The occurrence of A. litchii and the damage caused were observed in four adult 12-year-old trees of the Bengal variety. For this four branch extremities, approximately 0.5 m long, were collected every month from each plant from August 2008 to August 2009. The predators mites were evaluate on two branches, 0.3 m long. The variables considered for A. litchii were: percentage of attacked leaves, number of galls on the leaves, number of mites present in galls on leaves and buds. Predators were mounted on microscope slide, identified and counted. In the galls were observed red and white forms, both identified as A. litchii. The greatest amount of both forms was recorded in October 2008, with the number of the red forms overcoming of the white forms. Both were recorded in larger amounts in young leaves. White forms in young leaves were negatively correlated with increasing temperature and evapotranspiration. The infestation of A. litchii resulted in intense erinose. Initially erineos were clear on the underside of young leaves, and were gradually darkening and taking the leaf surface. Galls with erineos clear were positively correlated with the number of white forms in young leaves, indicating that these... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The lychee is a fruit of great economic value. The culture of litchi can be very damaged by the infestation of the Aceria litchii (Keifer) mite, their main pest. Little is known about the patterns of occurrence and diversity of communities of mites associated with this crop in Brazil, and this knowledge is basic and essential in preparing proposals for the management of this pest. The work objectives were study the occurrence of A. litchii on litchi plants in the municipality of Casa Branca, state of Sao Paulo, to characterize the symptoms of damage resulting from its development and identify possible biological control agents of this pest. The occurrence of A. litchii and the damage caused were observed in four adult 12-year-old trees of the Bengal variety. For this four branch extremities, approximately 0.5 m long, were collected every month from each plant from August 2008 to August 2009. The predators mites were evaluate on two branches, 0.3 m long. The variables considered for A. litchii were: percentage of attacked leaves, number of galls on the leaves, number of mites present in galls on leaves and buds. Predators were mounted on microscope slide, identified and counted. In the galls were observed red and white forms, both identified as A. litchii. The greatest amount of both forms was recorded in October 2008, with the number of the red forms overcoming of the white forms. Both were recorded in larger amounts in young leaves. White forms in young leaves were negatively correlated with increasing temperature and evapotranspiration. The infestation of A. litchii resulted in intense erinose. Initially erineos were clear on the underside of young leaves, and were gradually darkening and taking the leaf surface. Galls with erineos clear were positively correlated with the number of white forms in young leaves, indicating that these... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ácaro – Controle biológico, Erinose, Galhas, Phytoseiidae, Hirsutella thompsonii, Erinose, Galls, Phytoseiidae, Hirsutella thompsonii, Biological control
Como citar
PICOLI, Pedro Renan Ferreira. Aceria litchii (Keifer) em lichia: ocorrência sazonal, danos provocados e identificação de possíveis agentes de controle biológico. 2010. 75 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2010.