Produtividade de forragem do milho em função de atributos físicos de um latossolo vermelho distrófico sob plantio direto
Arquivos
Data
2007-08-15
Autores
Lima, Ronaldo Cintra [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cultura do milho apresenta sistema radicular com alto potencial de desenvolvimento. Assim sendo, os atributos físicos do solo são de extrema importância à sua produtividade, uma vez que em condições adversas podem dificultar a penetração das raízes, e conseqüentemente limitar o adequado aproveitamento dos nutrientes e da água disponível. No ano de 2005, na Fazenda Bonança (Agropecuária Dahma), município de Pereira Barreto (SP), Brasil (20o40’12’’ latitude S; 51o01’50’’ longitude W), foi instalado o presente ensaio em uma área irrigada por pivô central e manejada no sistema de integração agricultura-pecuária, com plantio direto de milho sobre brachiária. Os atributos analisados foram: produtividade de forragem do milho (MSF), macroporosidade (MA), microporosidade (MI), porosidade total (PT), densidade (DS), resistência à penetração (RP) e umidade gravimétrica (UG) de um Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico (Acrustox Háplico), nas profundidades 1 (0-0,10 m), 2 (0,10- 0,20 m) e 3 (0,20-0,30 m). O objetivo foi estudar a variabilidade e as correlações lineares e espaciais entre os atributos da planta e do solo, visando selecionar um indicador da qualidade física do solo de boa representatividade para a produtividade da forragem. Foi instalada a malha geoestatística para a coleta dos dados do solo e da planta, contendo 125 pontos amostrais, numa área de 2500 m2 e declive homogêneo de 0,025 m/m. No geral, os atributos estudados, além de não terem revelado distribuição aleatória, apresentaram variabilidade entre baixa e muito alta. Seguiram padrões espaciais claramente definidos, com alcances da dependência espacial entre 6,6 e 31,1 metros. Assim, o maior alcance que poderá assegurar extrema semelhança em magnitude para qualquer atributo estudado, e que poderá alimentar os pacotes computacionais direcionados à...
Corn crops have great potential of root development. Therefore, the physical soil features are of great importance to the crops yields, as the unfavorable conditions may hinder root penetration and, thus, limit the nutrient and available water uptake. This experiment was established in 2005, on Bonança Farm (Dahma Agrarian), in Pereira Barreto (SP), Brasil (20°40’12’’ latitude S; 51°01’50’’ longitude W), in an area which was irrigated with centerpivot and managed according to the crop-livestock integration system, with corn under the notillage on Brachiaria. The analyzed characteristics were: corn forage yield (CFY), macroporosity (MA), microporosity (MI), total porosity (TP), density (SD), penetration resistance (PR) and gravimetric moisture (GM) of a Typic Hapludox in the depths of 1 (0- 0.10 m), 2 (0.10-0.20 m) and 3 (0.20-0.30 m). The objective was to study the variability and the linear and spatial correlations between the plant and the soil features, aiming at selecting an indicator for the physical quality of the soil which represents forage yield. A geostatistical mesh was installed for data collecting regarding the soil and the plant, with 125 sampling stations, in an area of 2500 m2 and homogeneous slope of 0.025 m/m. On the whole, the evaluated features, besides not showing random distribution, showed variability between low and very high. Spatial patterns which were clearly defined with the ranges of spatial dependence between 6.6 and 31.1 m have been followed. Therefore, the greatest range which can assure extreme magnitude similarity for any of the studied features, and which will be able to feed the software designed for precision farming, must be of 31.1 m. Despite the fact that the simple linear correlation between CFY and MI2 was low, it was extremely significant. However, from the spatial point of view, there has been high inverse correlation...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Corn crops have great potential of root development. Therefore, the physical soil features are of great importance to the crops yields, as the unfavorable conditions may hinder root penetration and, thus, limit the nutrient and available water uptake. This experiment was established in 2005, on Bonança Farm (Dahma Agrarian), in Pereira Barreto (SP), Brasil (20°40’12’’ latitude S; 51°01’50’’ longitude W), in an area which was irrigated with centerpivot and managed according to the crop-livestock integration system, with corn under the notillage on Brachiaria. The analyzed characteristics were: corn forage yield (CFY), macroporosity (MA), microporosity (MI), total porosity (TP), density (SD), penetration resistance (PR) and gravimetric moisture (GM) of a Typic Hapludox in the depths of 1 (0- 0.10 m), 2 (0.10-0.20 m) and 3 (0.20-0.30 m). The objective was to study the variability and the linear and spatial correlations between the plant and the soil features, aiming at selecting an indicator for the physical quality of the soil which represents forage yield. A geostatistical mesh was installed for data collecting regarding the soil and the plant, with 125 sampling stations, in an area of 2500 m2 and homogeneous slope of 0.025 m/m. On the whole, the evaluated features, besides not showing random distribution, showed variability between low and very high. Spatial patterns which were clearly defined with the ranges of spatial dependence between 6.6 and 31.1 m have been followed. Therefore, the greatest range which can assure extreme magnitude similarity for any of the studied features, and which will be able to feed the software designed for precision farming, must be of 31.1 m. Despite the fact that the simple linear correlation between CFY and MI2 was low, it was extremely significant. However, from the spatial point of view, there has been high inverse correlation...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fisica do solo, Solos – Manejo, Agricultura de precisão, Milho, Plantio direto, Correlações lineares e espaciais, Crop-livestock integration, Soil management, Physical quality of the soil, Precision farming, Zea mays
Como citar
LIMA, Ronaldo Cintra. Produtividade de forragem do milho em função de atributos físicos de um latossolo vermelho distrófico sob plantio direto. 2007. 73 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2007.