(Re)Iventando realidades: jogos espacio-temporais em três contos de Julio Cortázar
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Data
2007-02-28
Autores
Falquete, Solange Labbonia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar como a manipulação do tempo e do espaço na narrativa contribui para a construção do efeito fantástico e para o questionamento do que é realidade em três contos do autor argentino Julio Cortázar (1914-1984): A noite de barriga para cima (1971), Todos os fogos o fogo (1975) e A porta incomunicável (1971). Em cada texto há dois espaços e dois tempos (passado e presente), um representando a realidade e outro, a ficção. No primeiro conto, temos duas narrativas independentes uma da outra, apesar de terem alguns pontos em comum. No final do conto, há uma inversão do que se acreditava ser a representação da realidade para o que se acreditava ser a representação da ficção, por meio de um deslocamento do tempo. O presente do leitor é transformado em um mundo absurdo para o personagem. No conto Todos os fogos o fogo, também podemos delimitar duas narrativas autônomas, constantemente intercaladas. Elas mantêm uma relação de analogias e isso proporciona uma sensação de simultaneidade, como se existissem dois mundos paralelos, ou seja, como se o passado e o presente, ambientados em dois espaços completamente distintos, estivessem acontecendo ao mesmo tempo. Portanto, os limites entre realidade e ficção vão atenuando-se mais, pois não se sabe qual dos ambientes representa uma ou outra. Já no conto A porta incomunicável, os dois tempos estão justapostos em um mesmo espaço e o insólito surge no ambiente normal do personagem. Os dois primeiros contos estão mais próximos do que Jaime Alazraki (1994) chama de literatura neofantástica, enquanto o último conto se aproxima mais da estética da literatura fantástica tradicional, explicada por Todorov (2003). Implicitamente, nos três textos as realidades representadas são deturpadas, causando com isto estranhamento no leitor.
This research aims to study how the narrative's manipulation of time and space contributes to the construction of the fantastic effect and to the questioning of what reality is in three short stories by the Argentinean author Julio Cortázar (1914-1984): The night face up (1967), All fires the fire (1973) e Incommunicable door (1967). In each of these texts there are two spaces and two times (past and present), one representing reality and the other, fiction. In the first short story, there are two independent narratives, with some common points been considered. In the end of the short story, there is an inversion of what was believed to be the representation of reality to what was believed to be the representation of fiction, by means of a time displacement. The readerþs present is transformed into an absurd world for the character of the story. In the short story All fires the fire, we can also delimitate two autonomous narratives, constantly intercalated. They maintain an analogical relation that provides a feeling of concurrence, as if there were two parallel worlds or, in other words, as if past and present, placed in two completely different spaces, were happening at the same time. Therefore, the limits between reality and fiction be come weaker and weaker, because it is not known which of the spaces represent one or the other. Whereas in the short story Incommunicable door, the two times are juxtaposed in the same space and the uncommon appears in the character's normal environment. The two first short stories are close to what Jaime Alazraki (1994) calls neofantastic literature, whereas the last short story is close to the traditional aesthetic of fantastic literature, explained by Todorov (2003). Implicitly, in the three texts, the represented realities are modified, causing a strangeness effect on the reader. narrative.
This research aims to study how the narrative's manipulation of time and space contributes to the construction of the fantastic effect and to the questioning of what reality is in three short stories by the Argentinean author Julio Cortázar (1914-1984): The night face up (1967), All fires the fire (1973) e Incommunicable door (1967). In each of these texts there are two spaces and two times (past and present), one representing reality and the other, fiction. In the first short story, there are two independent narratives, with some common points been considered. In the end of the short story, there is an inversion of what was believed to be the representation of reality to what was believed to be the representation of fiction, by means of a time displacement. The readerþs present is transformed into an absurd world for the character of the story. In the short story All fires the fire, we can also delimitate two autonomous narratives, constantly intercalated. They maintain an analogical relation that provides a feeling of concurrence, as if there were two parallel worlds or, in other words, as if past and present, placed in two completely different spaces, were happening at the same time. Therefore, the limits between reality and fiction be come weaker and weaker, because it is not known which of the spaces represent one or the other. Whereas in the short story Incommunicable door, the two times are juxtaposed in the same space and the uncommon appears in the character's normal environment. The two first short stories are close to what Jaime Alazraki (1994) calls neofantastic literature, whereas the last short story is close to the traditional aesthetic of fantastic literature, explained by Todorov (2003). Implicitly, in the three texts, the represented realities are modified, causing a strangeness effect on the reader. narrative.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cortázar, Julio, 1914-1984 - Crítica e interpretação, Literatura argentina - História e crítica,- Teoria, etc, Contos argentinos - História e crítica,- Teoria, etc, Teoria literária, Contos fantásticos argentinos, Literatura fantástica, Neofantástico, Neofantastic literature, Time in narrative
Como citar
FALQUETE, Solange Labbonia. (Re)Iventando realidades: jogos espacio-temporais em três contos de Julio Cortázar. 2007. 139 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2007.