Análise energética em refino de petróleo
Arquivos
Data
2010-07-29
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No trabalho apresentado foi realizada uma análise de eficiência energética levando em conta variáveis tais como a pressão, a temperatura, o estado físico dos componentes e a atividade de cada elemento que compõe a unidade de craqueamento em refino de petróleo. Tal análise foi realizada baseando-se na Primeira e Segunda leis da Termodinâmica. Destacou-se na análise do FCC a geração e a perda de energia com os gases, levando em conta a concentração molar de cada gás na entrada e na saída do FCC. No riser foram levadas em conta as transformações ocorridas e sua cinética com o propósito de fazer uma análise de gasto de energia no processo de formação inicial dos produtos do FCC; com isso, determinaram-se as quantidades de calor que foram utilizados no processo principal de formação. Foram realizadas análises sobre os fluxos de massas no vaso separador com a abordagem de um suposto fluxo interno, que seria a diferença entre as energias adquiridas com o vapor de retificação com os fluxos de carbono arrastados e com energia vinda do riser, e o fluxo de saída também para o processo de retificação no stripper. Verificou-se a energia gerada pelo regenerador e sua distribuição, que é feita com o aquecimento do catalisador na linha de transmissão do stripper e das perdas de energia com a troca do catalisador gasto e pela massa de catalisador que entra no riser. A energia perdida durante o processo foi associada à energia perdida na integralidade e em cada unidade. Verificou-se que uma parcela do calor gerado no processo é absorvida por gases inertes necessários ou integrados a gases reagentes; além disso, observou-se a formação de novos gases e compostos químicos que geram certas quantidades de energia, e que estão e são importantes na contabilização de toda energia que é gerada. Em tal análise levou-se em conta a energia de formação dos gases e a...
In the present study it was performed an analysis of energy efficiency taking into account variables such as pressure, temperature, physical state of the components and activities of each element that makes up a cracker in petroleum refining. The First and Second Law of Thermodynamics were used for the present analysis. It was highlighted in the analysis of the FCC the generation and loss of energy with the gases, taking into account the molar concentration of each gas at the inlet and outlet of the FCC. In the riser it was taken into account the transformations and their kinetics in order to make an analysis of energy use in the process of initial formation of the products of the FCC; with these results, it was determined the amounts of heat that were used in the main proceedings training. It was analyzed the flow of masses in the separator vessel with the approach of a supposed internal flow, which would be the difference between the energy gained steam with the rectification of carbon fluxes and dragged with energy coming from the riser, and the outflow also for the grinding process in stripper. There was the energy generated by the regenerator and its distribution, which is made by heating the catalyst in the transmission line striper and loss of energy with the exchange of spent catalyst and the mass of catalyst entering the riser. The energy lost during the process was associated with the energy that disappeared in the whole and in each unit. It was found that a portion of the heat generated is absorbed by inert gases necessary or integrated reactive gases; in addition, it was observed the formation of new gases and chemicals that generate amounts of energy, and are important in accounting for all energy that is generated. In this analysis it was taken into account the energy of formation of exhaust gases and the opportunities of products formation in the conditions ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In the present study it was performed an analysis of energy efficiency taking into account variables such as pressure, temperature, physical state of the components and activities of each element that makes up a cracker in petroleum refining. The First and Second Law of Thermodynamics were used for the present analysis. It was highlighted in the analysis of the FCC the generation and loss of energy with the gases, taking into account the molar concentration of each gas at the inlet and outlet of the FCC. In the riser it was taken into account the transformations and their kinetics in order to make an analysis of energy use in the process of initial formation of the products of the FCC; with these results, it was determined the amounts of heat that were used in the main proceedings training. It was analyzed the flow of masses in the separator vessel with the approach of a supposed internal flow, which would be the difference between the energy gained steam with the rectification of carbon fluxes and dragged with energy coming from the riser, and the outflow also for the grinding process in stripper. There was the energy generated by the regenerator and its distribution, which is made by heating the catalyst in the transmission line striper and loss of energy with the exchange of spent catalyst and the mass of catalyst entering the riser. The energy lost during the process was associated with the energy that disappeared in the whole and in each unit. It was found that a portion of the heat generated is absorbed by inert gases necessary or integrated reactive gases; in addition, it was observed the formation of new gases and chemicals that generate amounts of energy, and are important in accounting for all energy that is generated. In this analysis it was taken into account the energy of formation of exhaust gases and the opportunities of products formation in the conditions ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Energia - Conversão, Análise energética, Energy conversion
Como citar
SILVA, Ubiravan Geraldo de Oliveira e. Análise energética em refino de petróleo. 2010. 113 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2010.