Análise e demonstração do comportamento do escoamento bifásico gás-sólido
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Data
2009-09-16
Autores
Romero Luna, Carlos Manuel [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo do escoamento bifásico gás-sólido está incluído no assunto referido ao escoamento multifásico. Este tipo de escoamento multifásico é encontrado no transporte pneumático, combustão do carvão, reatores de leito fluidizado e ciclones. O escoamento bifásico gás-sólido é extremamente complicado devido ao grande número de variáveis envolvidas, a interação entre as fases, e a complexa dinâmica que desenvolve durante o processo. Uma das áreas menos entendidas referente ao estudo do escoamento multifásico é a transferência da quantidade de movimento e o acoplamento entre as fases. A proposta desta dissertação é pesquisar aspectos da transferência da quantidade de movimento em um escoamento bifásico gás-sólido vertical descendente sobre a base das equações unidimensionais desenvolvidas para o referido escoamento. Os efeitos dinâmicos entre as fases são analisados considerando um acoplamento unidirecional tendo em conta termos tais como a força de arraste sobre as partículas, a força da gravidade e o atrito partícula-parede. Para a resolução do modelo teórico foi empregado o método Runge-Kutta-Merson. O modelo teórico permite calcular e avaliar a influência das variáveis do escoamento sobre o perfil axial da velocidade média das partículas e também possibilita a determinação de outras variáveis tais como a fração volumétrica de sólidos. Adicionalmente é projetado um sistema de instrumentação para medir a velocidade média das partículas através da medição do tempo médio de trânsito das partículas. Resultado da pesquisa demonstra o complexo comportamento e as dificuldades encontradas no desenvolvimento da instrumentação para esta classe de escoamento.
The study of gas-solid two-phase flow is included in a more general subject named as multiphase flow. This kind of multiphase flow is encountered in the pneumatic conveying, combustion of pulverized coal, fluidized bed reactor and cyclones. The gas-solid two-phase flow is extremely complicated because of the large number of variables involved, the interaction between the phases, and complex dynamical developments occurring in the process. One of the least understood areas of multiphase flows is the momentum transfer or the phase coupling. The purpose of this dissertation is to research aspects of momentum exchange on a vertical downward gassolid flow on the basis of one-dimensional equations developed for gas-solid twophase flow. The dynamic effects between the two phases are considered by one way coupling taking into account terms such as the drag force on the particles, gravity and the particle-wall frictions. For the solution of theoretical model the Runge-Kutta- Merson method was employed. The theoretical model allows to calculate and to evaluate the influence of the flow variables on the axial profile for the average velocity of particles and also enables the determination of other variables such as the solid hold-up. Also it is designed an experimental system to measure the average velocity of particles by measuring the average time of transit of them. The results show the complex behavior and the difficulties in developing instrumentation for this class of flow.
The study of gas-solid two-phase flow is included in a more general subject named as multiphase flow. This kind of multiphase flow is encountered in the pneumatic conveying, combustion of pulverized coal, fluidized bed reactor and cyclones. The gas-solid two-phase flow is extremely complicated because of the large number of variables involved, the interaction between the phases, and complex dynamical developments occurring in the process. One of the least understood areas of multiphase flows is the momentum transfer or the phase coupling. The purpose of this dissertation is to research aspects of momentum exchange on a vertical downward gassolid flow on the basis of one-dimensional equations developed for gas-solid twophase flow. The dynamic effects between the two phases are considered by one way coupling taking into account terms such as the drag force on the particles, gravity and the particle-wall frictions. For the solution of theoretical model the Runge-Kutta- Merson method was employed. The theoretical model allows to calculate and to evaluate the influence of the flow variables on the axial profile for the average velocity of particles and also enables the determination of other variables such as the solid hold-up. Also it is designed an experimental system to measure the average velocity of particles by measuring the average time of transit of them. The results show the complex behavior and the difficulties in developing instrumentation for this class of flow.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Escoamento bifasico, Velocidade das partículas, Two-phase flow, Gas-solid
Como citar
ROMERO LUNA, Carlos Manuel. Análise e demonstração do comportamento do escoamento bifásico gás-sólido. 2009. 97f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2009.