Manejo de lodo de esgoto em rotações de culturas no sistema de plantio direto
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Data
2010-05-20
Autores
Lobo, Thomaz Figueiredo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A disposição final do lodo de esgoto vem se caracterizando como um dos problemas ambientais urbanos mais relevantes da atualidade, e cresce diariamente tanto nos países desenvolvidos quanto naqueles em desenvolvimento, como reflexos da ampliação das redes de coleta e incremento dos níveis de tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar o lodo de esgoto compostado como fornecimento de N em sistema de sucessão de culturas avaliando o desenvolvimento, nutrição, produtividade das culturas trabalhadas e a melhoria da fertilidade do solo. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na Fazenda São Manuel da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, localizada no município de São Manuel/SP. Antecedendo a instalação do experimento, foram cultivados 2 ciclos consecutivos de girassol semeados em dezembro de 2004 e novembro de 2005, respectivamente, com aplicações de lodo de esgoto, sendo cultivado trigo e triticale para avaliar o efeito residual destas duas aplicações em abril de 2006. Os ensaios presentes neste trabalho foram em sistema de sucessão de culturas (aveia, feijão, triticale, girassol e trigo). Em sistema de semeadura direta, sendo somente o primeiro cultivo, aveia em sistema convencional com lodo de esgoto tratado. Os outros ensaios foram com lodo de esgoto compostado. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizado constituído por 6 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T0 – adubação mineral de acordo com o Boletim Técnico 100, mas sem N; T1 – adubação química de acordo com o Boletim Técnico 100 do IAC; T2 – 50% do N proveniente do lodo de esgoto e o restante foi proveniente da adubação química; T3 – 100 % do N proveniente do lodo de esgoto; T4 – 150% do N proveniente do lodo de esgoto; T5 – 200% do N proveniente do lodo de esgoto. Utilizou-se o lodo de esgoto da Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto...
The final display of sewage sludge has been characterized as one of the most relevant environmental problems in the cities; it daily increases in both developed and developing countries, resulting in larger collection networks and increased treatment levels. The aim of this study was to use compost sewage sludge as N supply for crop rotation system, assessing the development, nutrition and productivity of treated cultures and the improvement of soil fertility. The experiments were carried out in São Manuel Farm, which belongs to the School of Agronomical Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu Campus, and is located in São Manuel Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil. Before the experiment establishment, 2 consecutive sunflower cycles were sown in December 2004 and November 2005, respectively, including sewage sludge application, and wheat and triticale were cultivated to assess the residual effect of those two applications in April 2006. The assays in the present study were done in crop rotation system (oat, bean, triticale, sunflower and wheat). Direct planting system was used only for the first cultivation; oat was in conventional system with treated sewage sludge. The remaining assays included compost sewage sludge. The adopted experimental design was in randomized blocks constituted of 6 treatments and 5 replicates. Treatments were: T0 – mineral fertilization according to Technical Bulletin 100, but without N; T1 – chemical fertilization according to IAC Technical Bulletin 100; T2 – 50% N from sewage sludge and the remaining N from chemical fertilization; T3 – 100% N from sewage sludge; T4 – 150% N from sewage sludge; T5 – 200% N from sewage sludge. The employed sewage sludge was from the Sewage Treatment Plant in Jundiaí Municipality, São Paulo State. Each plot was 100 m2 with 3m spacing between plots in one same block. Oat culture was assessed from the 60th to the 120th day after... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The final display of sewage sludge has been characterized as one of the most relevant environmental problems in the cities; it daily increases in both developed and developing countries, resulting in larger collection networks and increased treatment levels. The aim of this study was to use compost sewage sludge as N supply for crop rotation system, assessing the development, nutrition and productivity of treated cultures and the improvement of soil fertility. The experiments were carried out in São Manuel Farm, which belongs to the School of Agronomical Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu Campus, and is located in São Manuel Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil. Before the experiment establishment, 2 consecutive sunflower cycles were sown in December 2004 and November 2005, respectively, including sewage sludge application, and wheat and triticale were cultivated to assess the residual effect of those two applications in April 2006. The assays in the present study were done in crop rotation system (oat, bean, triticale, sunflower and wheat). Direct planting system was used only for the first cultivation; oat was in conventional system with treated sewage sludge. The remaining assays included compost sewage sludge. The adopted experimental design was in randomized blocks constituted of 6 treatments and 5 replicates. Treatments were: T0 – mineral fertilization according to Technical Bulletin 100, but without N; T1 – chemical fertilization according to IAC Technical Bulletin 100; T2 – 50% N from sewage sludge and the remaining N from chemical fertilization; T3 – 100% N from sewage sludge; T4 – 150% N from sewage sludge; T5 – 200% N from sewage sludge. The employed sewage sludge was from the Sewage Treatment Plant in Jundiaí Municipality, São Paulo State. Each plot was 100 m2 with 3m spacing between plots in one same block. Oat culture was assessed from the 60th to the 120th day after... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Plantio direto, Lodo de esgoto, Nitrogenio, Solos - Fertilidade, Plantas - Nutrição, Organic matter, Nitrogen, Plant mineral nutrition, Soil fertilit, Grain yeld
Como citar
LOBO, Thomaz Figueiredo. Manejo de lodo de esgoto em rotações de culturas no sistema de plantio direto. 2010. xxi, 198 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2010.