Períodos de interferência de plantas daninhas em cultivares de girassol
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Data
2010-08-18
Autores
Silva, José Iran Cardoso da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presença de plantas daninhas nas áreas de cultivo de girassol é um problema, principalmente por existir poucos herbicidas registrados para a cultura. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o Período Anterior à Interferência e o Período Total de Prevenção à Interferência da comunidade infestante sobre a produtividade de grãos e rendimento de óleo da cultura do girassol. Foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo um conduzido com o cultivar Embrapa 122 / V 2000 e outro com o híbrido M 734. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em campo, na área da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas FCA/UNESP, na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, município de Botucatu (SP), no ano agrícola de 2007/2008. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por parcelas constituídas por períodos de controle e de presença de plantas daninhas. Para os períodos de controle, a cultura (cultivar Embrapa 122 / V 2000) foi mantida livre das plantas daninhas pelos períodos crescentes de 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 e 110 dias após a emergência do girassol. Para os períodos de convivência, a cultura foi mantida na presença da comunidade infestante pelos mesmos períodos. Quanto ao híbrido M 734 os períodos crescentes de controle e de convivência foram de 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 e 125 dias após a emergência. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: altura de plantas, diâmetro de capítulos, produtividade de grãos, rendimento de óleo de girassol, densidade e matéria seca das plantas daninhas e índices fitossociológicos. Para a produtividade de grãos do cultivar Embrapa 122 / V 2000, o período anterior à interferência foi de 35 DAE da cultura, sendo que o período total de prevenção à interferência estendeu-se até 24 DAE. Para o rendimento de óleo, o período anterior à interferência foi de 25 DAE, enquanto que o período... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abai
The presence of weeds in the sunflower-growing areas is a problem, especially because there are few registered herbicides for the crop. Thus, the objective this work was to determine the Period Previous to Weed Interference and Total Period of Prevention of Weed Interference on the grain yield and oil yield of sunflower. They there were two experiments, one conducted with the cultivar Embrapa 122 / V 2000 and other with hybrid M 734. The experiments were conducted in the field, in the Experimental Lageado Farm of the Agronomic Science College, UNESP-Botucatu-SP, in the agricultural year 2007/2008. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments consisted of plots with periods of control and presence of weeds. For control periods, the culture (Embrapa 122 / V 2000) was kept free of weeds by increasing periods of 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 110 days after emergence of sunflower. For periods of coexistence, the culture was maintained in the weed community presence on same periods. To the hybrid M 734 increasing periods of control and coexistence were 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 125 days after emergence. They were evaluated the following variables: height, seed head diameter, grain yield, oil yield, density and weed dry matter and phytosociological indices. For grain yield of cultivar Embrapa 122 / V 2000, the period previous to weed interference was 35 day after crop emergence (DAE), and the total period of prevention of weed interference was extended until 24 DAE. For oil yield, the period previous to weed interference was 25 DAE, whereas the total period of prevention of weed interference was prolonged by 14 DAE. For grain yield of hybrid M 734, the period previous to weed interference was 15 DAE, and the total period of prevention of weed interference was 39 DAE. The critical period of of prevention of weed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The presence of weeds in the sunflower-growing areas is a problem, especially because there are few registered herbicides for the crop. Thus, the objective this work was to determine the Period Previous to Weed Interference and Total Period of Prevention of Weed Interference on the grain yield and oil yield of sunflower. They there were two experiments, one conducted with the cultivar Embrapa 122 / V 2000 and other with hybrid M 734. The experiments were conducted in the field, in the Experimental Lageado Farm of the Agronomic Science College, UNESP-Botucatu-SP, in the agricultural year 2007/2008. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments consisted of plots with periods of control and presence of weeds. For control periods, the culture (Embrapa 122 / V 2000) was kept free of weeds by increasing periods of 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 110 days after emergence of sunflower. For periods of coexistence, the culture was maintained in the weed community presence on same periods. To the hybrid M 734 increasing periods of control and coexistence were 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 125 days after emergence. They were evaluated the following variables: height, seed head diameter, grain yield, oil yield, density and weed dry matter and phytosociological indices. For grain yield of cultivar Embrapa 122 / V 2000, the period previous to weed interference was 35 day after crop emergence (DAE), and the total period of prevention of weed interference was extended until 24 DAE. For oil yield, the period previous to weed interference was 25 DAE, whereas the total period of prevention of weed interference was prolonged by 14 DAE. For grain yield of hybrid M 734, the period previous to weed interference was 15 DAE, and the total period of prevention of weed interference was 39 DAE. The critical period of of prevention of weed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Erva daninha, Girassol, Planta daninha, Helianthus annuuns
Como citar
SILVA, José Iran Cardoso da. Períodos de interferência de plantas daninhas em cultivares de girassol. 2010. v, 77 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2010.