Efeito residual da adubação de plantio com torta de filtro e fosfato solúvel na produtividade e qualidade da cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2012-08-14
Autores
Santos, Diego Henriques dos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O fósforo é considerado elemento essencial para as plantas, porém é encontrado em baixa quantidade nos solos brasileiros. A torta de filtro, resíduo composto da mistura de bagaço moído e lodo da decantação, apresenta altos teores de matéria orgânica, fósforo e cálcio. O fósforo existente na torta de filtro é orgânico, sendo que a liberação do mesmo e do nitrogênio se dá gradativamente, por mineralização e por ataque de microorganismos no solo. O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito residual da adubação de plantio com torta de filtro e fosfato solúvel sobre a produtividade e a qualidade da cana-deaçúcar. O experimento foi conduzido a campo, em Presidente Prudente, SP. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos completos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 4 x 4, em que o primeiro fator constou de níveis de torta de filtro (0; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 t ha-1), com 80% de massa seca, e o segundo de níveis de fósforo (0, 50, 100, 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5), com 4 repetições, totalizando 64 parcelas. A torta de filtro aplicada no sulco de plantio influenciou favoravelmente o perfilhamento da cana soca na dose de 4 t ha-1, e da ressoca com interação com as doses de fosfato, além de elevar a produtividade da cana soca, porém sem efeito nos teores de fósforo no solo. As doses crescentes de torta de filtro elevaram os teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio das folhas, além dos teores de fósforo no caldo da cana. A torta de filtro associada com fosfato solúvel influenciou positivamente o índice de área foliar e proporcionou efeito residual, principalmente até o segundo corte, com melhoria na produtividade de colmos e de açúcar, mas não alterou a qualidade do caldo
The phosphorus is considered essential element for plants, but is found in small amounts in Brazilian soils. The filter cake residue composed of the mixture of ground bagasse and sludge decantation, contains high levels of organic matter, phosphorus and calcium. The phosphorus existing in the filter cake is organic, and its releasing and nitrogen takes place gradually, by mineralization and attack by micro-organisms in the soil. The study aimed to evaluate the residual effect of fertilizer planting filter cake and soluble phosphate on yield and quality of sugar cane. The experiment was conducted in the field, in Presidente Prudente, SP. We adopted the experimental design in randomized complete block in factorial 4 x 4, where the first factor was the level of filter cake (0, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 t ha-1) with 80% dry matter, and second levels of phosphorus (0, 50, 100, 200 kg ha-1 P2O5), with 4 replicates, totaling 64 plots. The filter cake applied at planting at the dose of 4 t ha-1 favorably influenced the tillering of the sugar cane first ratoon , and of the second ratoon by mean of the interaction with doses of phosphate , in addition increased the productivity of first ratoon, but no effect on phosphorus levels in the soil. The increasing doses of filter cake increased levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves, besides the phosphorus content in cane juice. The filter cake associated with soluble phosphate positively influenced the leaf area index and provided residual effect, especially until the second ratoon, with improvement in the stalk and sugar productivity, but did not alter the juice quality
The phosphorus is considered essential element for plants, but is found in small amounts in Brazilian soils. The filter cake residue composed of the mixture of ground bagasse and sludge decantation, contains high levels of organic matter, phosphorus and calcium. The phosphorus existing in the filter cake is organic, and its releasing and nitrogen takes place gradually, by mineralization and attack by micro-organisms in the soil. The study aimed to evaluate the residual effect of fertilizer planting filter cake and soluble phosphate on yield and quality of sugar cane. The experiment was conducted in the field, in Presidente Prudente, SP. We adopted the experimental design in randomized complete block in factorial 4 x 4, where the first factor was the level of filter cake (0, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 t ha-1) with 80% dry matter, and second levels of phosphorus (0, 50, 100, 200 kg ha-1 P2O5), with 4 replicates, totaling 64 plots. The filter cake applied at planting at the dose of 4 t ha-1 favorably influenced the tillering of the sugar cane first ratoon , and of the second ratoon by mean of the interaction with doses of phosphate , in addition increased the productivity of first ratoon, but no effect on phosphorus levels in the soil. The increasing doses of filter cake increased levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves, besides the phosphorus content in cane juice. The filter cake associated with soluble phosphate positively influenced the leaf area index and provided residual effect, especially until the second ratoon, with improvement in the stalk and sugar productivity, but did not alter the juice quality
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adubação, Cana-de-açúcar, Bagaço de cana, Fosfato de calcio, Calcio, Sugarcane
Como citar
SANTOS, Diego Henriques dos. Efeito residual da adubação de plantio com torta de filtro e fosfato solúvel na produtividade e qualidade da cana-de-açúcar. 2012. xi, 86 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade EStadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2012.