Metodologia para determinação de efeitos fisiológicos e metabólicos do glufosinate em soja
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Data
2012-05-16
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O glufosinate é derivado do fosfinotricina, uma toxina microbiana natural isolada a partir de duas espécies de fungos Streptomyces. Atua inibindo a atividade da enzima glutamina sintetase, que é necessária para a produção do aminoácido glutamina e para a desintoxicação da amônia pela planta. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a intoxicação e alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas causadas pelo glufosinate em plantas de soja. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação, no Núcleo de Pesquisas Avançadas em Matologia (Nupam), pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – FCA/UNESP. Foi utilizado o cultivar de soja Nidera NS 7100 (RR) plantada em vasos de cinco de litros de solo. Foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo o primeiro experimento instalado com os seguintes tratamentos: duas formulações (glufosinate de amônio a 2,5 L p.c. ha-1 e glufosinate de potássio 2,5 L p.c. ha-1), três períodos de coleta de folhas dois, quatro e seis dias após aplicação e um tratamento testemunha sem aplicação. O segundo experimento foi instalado com os seguintes tratamentos: duas formulações (glufosinate de amônio e glufosinate de potássio), três doses de cada produto (0,625 L p.c. ha-1; 1,25 L p.c. ha-1; 2,5 L p.c. ha-1) e um tratamento testemunha sem aplicação. As variáveis analisadas em ambos os experimentos foram, amônia, compostos pertencentes à rota metabólica de ação do glufosinate (glutamato, glutamina, serina, ácido aminolevulênico, glufosinate), análise visual de fitotoxicicidade e ETR (taxa de transporte de elétrons). Para determinação de amônia foram desenvolvidas metodologias de extração para posterior quantificação em espectrofotômetro. Para determinação dos compostos, foram realizados...
The glufosinate is derived from phosphinothricin, a natural microbial toxin isolated from Streptomyces of two species of fungus. Acts inhibits the activity of glutamine synthetase, which is necessary for the production of the amino acid glutamine and for the detoxification of ammonia by the plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and physiological and biochemical changes caused by glufosinate in soybean plants. The experiment was carried out in green-house, in Faculty of Agronomic Sciences at São Paulo State University. We used soybean the cultivar NS 7100 Nidera planted in vases containing 5 liters of soil. Two experiments were carried out, the first experiment set with the following treatments: two formulations (glufosinate ammonium 2.5 L c.p. ha-1 and glufosinate potassium 4 2.5 L c.p. ha-1), three periods of leaf collection two, for and six days after application and a control without application. The second experiment was carried out with the following treatments: two formulations (glufosinate ammonium and glufosinate potassium), three doses of each product (0.625 L c.p. ha-1, 1.25 c.p. ha-1 L, 2.5 L c.p. ha -1) and a control without application. The variables analyzed in both experiments were ammonia, compounds belonging to the metabolic pathway of action of glufosinate (glutamate, glutamine, serine, aminolevulenic acid, glufosinate), visual analysis of plant injury and ETR (electron transport rate). To determine the ammonia were developed extraction methodologies for a quantification in spectrophotometric and for determination of compounds, extraction tests were performed to choose the most appropriate methodology, and development of analytical methods in LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry). Plant injury evaluations were based on visual criteria and ETR measurements are given... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The glufosinate is derived from phosphinothricin, a natural microbial toxin isolated from Streptomyces of two species of fungus. Acts inhibits the activity of glutamine synthetase, which is necessary for the production of the amino acid glutamine and for the detoxification of ammonia by the plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and physiological and biochemical changes caused by glufosinate in soybean plants. The experiment was carried out in green-house, in Faculty of Agronomic Sciences at São Paulo State University. We used soybean the cultivar NS 7100 Nidera planted in vases containing 5 liters of soil. Two experiments were carried out, the first experiment set with the following treatments: two formulations (glufosinate ammonium 2.5 L c.p. ha-1 and glufosinate potassium 4 2.5 L c.p. ha-1), three periods of leaf collection two, for and six days after application and a control without application. The second experiment was carried out with the following treatments: two formulations (glufosinate ammonium and glufosinate potassium), three doses of each product (0.625 L c.p. ha-1, 1.25 c.p. ha-1 L, 2.5 L c.p. ha -1) and a control without application. The variables analyzed in both experiments were ammonia, compounds belonging to the metabolic pathway of action of glufosinate (glutamate, glutamine, serine, aminolevulenic acid, glufosinate), visual analysis of plant injury and ETR (electron transport rate). To determine the ammonia were developed extraction methodologies for a quantification in spectrophotometric and for determination of compounds, extraction tests were performed to choose the most appropriate methodology, and development of analytical methods in LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry). Plant injury evaluations were based on visual criteria and ETR measurements are given... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Intoxicação, Plantas - Efeito dos herbicidas, Soja - Fisiologia, Soja - Metabolismo, Toxinas microbianas, Microbial toxins, Plants, Effect of herbicides
Como citar
BARBERIS, Luis Rodrigo Miyamoto. Metodologia para determinação de efeitos fisiológicos e metabólicos do glufosinate em soja. 2012. v , 66 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.