Adubação fosfatada em cultivares de batata (Solanum tuberosum L.)
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Data
2013-01-21
Autores
Fernandes, Adalton Mazetti [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A batateira (Solanum tuberosum L.) é uma importante fonte de alimento e normalmente altas doses de fertilizantes fosfatados são utilizadas no seu cultivo. Uma opção para reduzir a quantidade de fertilizantes fosfatados aplicados na cultura é a utilização de cultivares com maior eficiência na absorção e utilização de fósforo (P). O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar em casa de vegetação cultivares atuais de batata quanto à capacidade de absorção e utilização de P, quando submetidas a condições distintas de disponibilidade, procurando relacioná-las a parâmetros fisiológicos de absorção, parâmetros morfológicos de raízes e a eficiência de utilização deste nutriente. Além disso, buscou-se estabelecer curvas de resposta à adubação fosfatada na cultura da batata em solos com diferentes disponibilidades de P e, com isso, propor a possível redução das doses de P tradicionalmente utilizadas, especialmente, em solos com altos teores de P disponível. Foram realizados experimentos independentes, um em solução nutritiva em casa de vegetação e quatro experimentos em campo em área produtora de batata, sendo três em 2011 e um em 2012. Em casa de vegetação, o delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 5x2, composto por cinco cultivares de batata (Ágata, Asterix, Atlantic, Markies e Mondial) e duas concentrações de P nas soluções nutritivas de crescimento (insuficiente = 2 mg L-1 de P; suficiente = 31 mg L-1 de P), em cinco repetições. Em 2011, os experimentos de campo foram conduzidos no delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 5x5, composto por cinco cultivares de batata e cinco doses de P (0, 125, 250, 500 e 1.000 kg ha-1 de P2O5). Em 2012, o delineamento experimental foi o mesmo do ano anterior, mas no esquema fatorial 2x5, ou seja, com apenas duas...
Potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important source of food and there are usually used high rates of phosphate fertilizers in their growing season. One option to reduce the amount of phosphate fertilizers applied in this crop is by using cultivars with higher efficiency in phosphorus (P) uptake and use. The aim of this study was to compare in a greenhouse experiment, potato cultivars when considering the capacity of P uptake and use, when submitted to different conditions of P availability, and try to relate these characteristics to physiological parameters of uptake, morphological parameters of roots and P use efficiency. Furthermore, we sought to establish in field, response curves of phosphorus fertilization in potato crop in soils with different P availability and then, establish the possible reduction of P rates, typically used, especially in soils with higher P availability. Separated experiments were conducted: one by using nutritive solution in greenhouse and four experiments in field in potato production area, i.e. three in 2011 and one in 2012. The experimental design in the greenhouse experiment was randomized blocks in a 5x2 factorial arrangement with five potato cultivars (Ágata, Asterix, Atlantic, Markies and Mondial) and two rates of P supply on nutrient solutions (insufficient = 2 mg L-1 P; enough = 31 mg L-1 P), with five replications. In 2011, field experiments were conducted in a randomized block design in a 5x5 factorial arrangement, with five potato cultivars and five P rates (0, 125, 250, 500 and 1,000 kg ha-1 P2O5). In 2012, the experimental design was the same of previous year, but in a 2x5 factorial arrangement, i.e. with only two potato cultivars (Ágata and Mondial). Was concluded which the potato cultivars differ with respect to P uptake due to differences in morphological and physiological characteristics of root... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important source of food and there are usually used high rates of phosphate fertilizers in their growing season. One option to reduce the amount of phosphate fertilizers applied in this crop is by using cultivars with higher efficiency in phosphorus (P) uptake and use. The aim of this study was to compare in a greenhouse experiment, potato cultivars when considering the capacity of P uptake and use, when submitted to different conditions of P availability, and try to relate these characteristics to physiological parameters of uptake, morphological parameters of roots and P use efficiency. Furthermore, we sought to establish in field, response curves of phosphorus fertilization in potato crop in soils with different P availability and then, establish the possible reduction of P rates, typically used, especially in soils with higher P availability. Separated experiments were conducted: one by using nutritive solution in greenhouse and four experiments in field in potato production area, i.e. three in 2011 and one in 2012. The experimental design in the greenhouse experiment was randomized blocks in a 5x2 factorial arrangement with five potato cultivars (Ágata, Asterix, Atlantic, Markies and Mondial) and two rates of P supply on nutrient solutions (insufficient = 2 mg L-1 P; enough = 31 mg L-1 P), with five replications. In 2011, field experiments were conducted in a randomized block design in a 5x5 factorial arrangement, with five potato cultivars and five P rates (0, 125, 250, 500 and 1,000 kg ha-1 P2O5). In 2012, the experimental design was the same of previous year, but in a 2x5 factorial arrangement, i.e. with only two potato cultivars (Ágata and Mondial). Was concluded which the potato cultivars differ with respect to P uptake due to differences in morphological and physiological characteristics of root... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Batata, Batata - Nutrição, Fertilizantes fosfatados, Plantas - Efeito do fosforo, Plants, Effect of phosphorus on
Como citar
FERNANDES, Adalton Mazetti. Adubação fosfatada em cultivares de batata (Solanum tuberosum L.). 2013. vii, 83 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.