Caracterização morfológica, citogenética e molecular de Mazama rondoni Miranda-Ribeiro, 1914
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Data
2021-09-01
Autores
Vacari, Gabrielle Queiroz [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A espécie Mazama rondoni Miranda-Ribeiro, 1914 tem sido posicionada dentro da sinonímia de Mazama nemorivaga (Cuvier, 1817), pertencendo ao grupo de veados cinzas que ocupa a região Amazônica. A classificação taxonômica de M. nemorivaga apresenta inconsistências que sugerem a presença de mais de uma espécie dentro do táxon. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo contribuir com a taxonomia do gênero Mazama, mediante a indicação de um topotipo de M. rondoni, e sua caracterização morfológica, citogenética e molecular, permitindo assim sua comparação com outros espécimes, a fim de conhecer diferenças entre eles e revisar a taxonomia do grupo. Para tanto, amostras de osso e pele foram obtidas no Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro do holótipo e parátipo de M. rondoni para extração e amplificação de DNA mitocondrial. Um exemplar também foi coletado na localidade tipo de M. rondoni (Vilhena-RO, Brasil) com o auxílio de caçadores locais. O topótipo foi caracterizado por técnicas de morfologia tradicional (medidas crânio-mandibulares, medidas biométricas, coloração da pele), assim como análises citogenéticas (Banda G, Banda C, coloração convencional de Giemsa, coloração Ag-NOR e FISH) e moleculares (análises filogenéticas de genes mitocondriais). Os resultados morfológicos posicionam o topótipo junto com os pequenos Mazama. O animal possui os cromossomos semelhantes ao topótipo de M.nemorivaga, porém com sistema sexual múltiplo. Por fim, os resultados da caracterização molecular, mostraram o agrupamento do topótipo de M. rondoni com exemplares da região do Amazônia ocidental (Rondônia), ajudando em um correto posicionamento do táxon para possível validação da espécie Mazama rondoni.
The Mazama rondoni species has been placed as synonymy of Mazama nemorivaga. It is considered part of the gray brocket group that occupies the Amazon region. The taxonomic classification of M. nemorivaga has demonstrated inconsistencies suggesting the presence of more than one species within the taxon. Thus, the present study aimed to contribute to the taxonomy of the genus Mazama by collecting a specimen of M. rondoni in its type locality. It was performed a detail morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular characterization for comparison with other specimens of Mazama in order to evaluate the differences between them and review the taxonomy of the species. For this purpose, we extracted and amplificated mitochondrial DNA from the skull and skin tissue samples of the type series (holotype and paratypes) that were deposited in the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro. We also collected one specimen from the type locality of M. rondoni (Vilhena-RO, Brazil) with the support of local hunters. The topotype was characterized by traditional morphological techniques (craniomandibular measurements, body biometry, and skin color), cytogenetic (conventional Giemsa staining, C band, G band, Ag-NOR and FISH), and molecular (phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genes). Our phylogenetic tree recovered the M. rondoni topotype with other individuals of M. nemorivaga from the western Amazon region (Rondônia). We believe that our results contributes as the first step to clarify the identity of the taxon and possible validation of the Mazama rondoni species.
The Mazama rondoni species has been placed as synonymy of Mazama nemorivaga. It is considered part of the gray brocket group that occupies the Amazon region. The taxonomic classification of M. nemorivaga has demonstrated inconsistencies suggesting the presence of more than one species within the taxon. Thus, the present study aimed to contribute to the taxonomy of the genus Mazama by collecting a specimen of M. rondoni in its type locality. It was performed a detail morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular characterization for comparison with other specimens of Mazama in order to evaluate the differences between them and review the taxonomy of the species. For this purpose, we extracted and amplificated mitochondrial DNA from the skull and skin tissue samples of the type series (holotype and paratypes) that were deposited in the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro. We also collected one specimen from the type locality of M. rondoni (Vilhena-RO, Brazil) with the support of local hunters. The topotype was characterized by traditional morphological techniques (craniomandibular measurements, body biometry, and skin color), cytogenetic (conventional Giemsa staining, C band, G band, Ag-NOR and FISH), and molecular (phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genes). Our phylogenetic tree recovered the M. rondoni topotype with other individuals of M. nemorivaga from the western Amazon region (Rondônia). We believe that our results contributes as the first step to clarify the identity of the taxon and possible validation of the Mazama rondoni species.
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Taxonomia, Citogenética clássica e molecular, DNA mitocondrial, Genética animal