Transverse-Momentum and Pseudorapidity Distributions of Charged Hadrons
in pp Collisions at

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 7 TeV

V. Khachatryan et al.*

(CMS Collaboration)
(Received 18 May 2010; published 6 July 2010)

Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions atffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 7 TeV are measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The charged-

hadron yield is obtained by counting the number of reconstructed hits, hit pairs, and fully reconstructed

charged-particle tracks. The combination of the three methods gives a charged-particle multiplicity per

unit of pseudorapidity dNch=d�jj�j<0:5 ¼ 5:78� 0:01ðstatÞ � 0:23ðsystÞ for non-single-diffractive events,
higher than predicted by commonly used models. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity

from
ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 0:9 to 7 TeV is ½66:1� 1:0ðstatÞ � 4:2ðsystÞ�%. The mean transverse momentum is measured

to be 0:545� 0:005ðstatÞ � 0:015ðsystÞ GeV=c. The results are compared with similar measurements at

lower energies.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.022002 PACS numbers: 13.85.Ni

Introduction.—Measurements of particle yields and kin-
ematic distributions are an essential first step in exploring a
new energy regime of particle collisions. Such studies
contribute to our understanding of the physics of hadron
production, including the relative roles of soft and hard
scattering contributions, and help construct a solid founda-
tion for other investigations. In the complicated environ-
ment of LHC pp collisions [1], firm knowledge of the rates
and distributions of inclusive particle production is needed
to distinguish rare signal events from the much larger
backgrounds of soft hadronic interactions. They will also
serve as points of reference for the measurement of
nuclear-medium effects in Pb-Pb collisions in the LHC
heavy ion program.

The bulk of the particles produced in pp collisions arise
from soft interactions, which are modeled only phenom-
enologically. Experimental results provide the critical
guidance for tuning these widely used models and event
generators. Soft collisions are commonly classified as elas-
tic scattering, inelastic single-diffractive (SD) dissociation,
double-diffractive (DD) dissociation, and inelastic nondif-
fractive (ND) scattering [2]. (Double-Pomeron exchange is
treated as DD in this Letter.) All results presented here
refer to inelastic non-single-diffractive (NSD) interactions,
and are based on an event selection that retains a large
fraction of the ND and DD events, while disfavoring SD
events.

The measurements focus on transverse-momentum pT

and pseudorapidity � distributions. The pseudorapidity,

commonly used to characterize the direction of particle
emission, is defined as � ¼ � ln tanð�=2Þ, where � is the
polar angle of the direction of the particle with respect to
the anticlockwise beam direction. The count of primary
charged hadrons Nch is defined to include decay products
of particles with proper lifetimes less than 1 cm. Products
of secondary interactions are excluded, and a percent-level
correction is applied for prompt leptons. The measure-
ments reported here are of dNch=d� and dNch=dpT in
the pseudorapidity range j�j< 2:4 and closely follow
our previous analysis of minimum-bias data at lower
center-of-mass energies of

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 0:9 and 2.36 TeV as re-
ported in Ref. [3].
The data for this study are drawn from an integrated

luminosity of 1:1 �b�1 recorded with the Compact Muon
Solenoid (CMS) experiment [4] on 30 March 2010, during
the first hour of the LHC operation at

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 7 TeV. These
results are the highest center-of-mass energy measure-
ments of the dNch=d� and dNch=dpT distributions con-
ducted at a particle collider so far and complement the
other recent measurements of the ALICE experiment at
7 TeV [5].
Experimental methods.—A detailed description of the

CMS experiment can be found in Ref. [4]. The detectors
used for the present analysis are the pixel and silicon-strip
tracker, covering the region j�j< 2:5 and immersed in a
3.8 T axial magnetic field. The pixel tracker consists of
three barrel layers and two end-cap disks at each barrel
end. The forward calorimeter (HF), which covers the re-
gion 2:9< j�j< 5:2, was also used for event selection.
The detailed Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of the CMS
detector response is based on GEANT4 [6].
The event selection and analysis methods in this Letter

are identical to those used in Ref. [3], where more details
can be found. The inelastic pp collision rate was about
50 Hz. At these rates, the fraction of events in the data,

*Full author list given at the end of the article.

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distri-
bution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and
the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.

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0031-9007=10=105(2)=022002(14) 022002-1 � 2010 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration

http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.022002


where two or more minimum-bias collisions occurred in
the same bunch crossing, is estimated to be less than 0.3%
and was neglected. Any hit in the beam scintillator coun-
ters (BSC, 3:23< j�j< 4:65) coinciding with colliding
proton bunches was used for triggering the data acquisi-
tion. A sample mostly populated with NSD events was
selected by requiring a primary vertex (PV) to be recon-
structed with the tracker, together with at least one HF
tower in each end with more than 3 GeV total energy.
Beam-halo and other beam-background events were re-
jected as described in Ref. [3]. The remaining fraction of
background events in the data was found to be less than
2� 10�5. The numbers of events satisfying the selection
criteria are listed in Table I.

The event selection efficiency was estimated with simu-
lated events using the PYTHIA [7,8] and PHOJET [9,10] event
generators. The relative event fractions of SD, DD, and ND
processes and their respective event selection efficiencies
are listed in Table II. The fraction of diffractive events is
predicted by the models to decrease as a function of
collision energy, while the selection efficiency increases.
At

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 7 TeV, the fraction of SD (DD) events in the
selected data sample, estimated with PYTHIA and PHOJET,
are 6.8% (5.8%) and 5.0% (3.8%), respectively, somewhat
higher than at

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 0:9 and 2.36 TeV [3]. With PYTHIA, the
overall correction for the selection efficiency of NSD
processes and for the fraction of SD events remaining in
the data sample lowers the measured charged-particle
multiplicity by 6% compared with the uncorrected
distribution.

The dNch=d� distributions were obtained, as in Ref. [3],
with three methods, based on counting the following quan-
tities: (i) reconstructed clusters in the barrel part of the

pixel detector; (ii) pixel tracklets composed of pairs of
clusters in different pixel barrel layers; and (iii) tracks
reconstructed in the full tracker volume. The third method
also allows a measurement of the dNch=dpT distribution.
All three methods rely on the reconstruction of a PV [11].
The PV reconstruction efficiency was found to be 98.3%
(98.0%) in data (MC), evaluated after all other event se-
lection cuts. In case of multiple PV candidates, the vertex
with the largest track multiplicity was chosen. The three
methods are sensitive to the measurement of particles
down to pT values of about 30, 50, and 100 MeV=c,
respectively. Only 0.5, 1.5, and 5% of all charged particles
are estimated to be produced below these pT values, re-
spectively, and these fractions were corrected for.
The measurements were corrected for the geometrical

acceptance (�2%), efficiency (�5%–10%), fake (<1%)
and duplicate tracks (<0:5%), low-pT particles curling in
the axial magnetic field (<1%), decay products of long-
lived hadrons (<2%) and photon conversions (<1%), and
inelastic hadronic interactions in the detector material
(�1%–2%), where the size of the corrections in parenthe-
ses refers to the tracking method. The PYTHIA parameter set
from Ref. [8] was chosen to determine the corrections,
because it reproduces the dNch=d� and charged-particle
multiplicity distributions, as well as other control distribu-
tions at 7 TeV, better than other available tuning parameter
sets. Although the corrections do not depend significantly
on the model used, it is indeed important that the simulated
data set contains a sufficient number of high-multiplicity
events to determine these corrections with the desired
accuracy.
Results.—For the measurement of the dNch=dpT distri-

bution, charged-particle tracks with pT in excess of
0:1 GeV=c were used in 12 different j�j bins, from 0 to
2.4. The average charged-hadron yields in NSD events are
shown in Fig. 1 as a function of pT and j�j. The Tsallis
parametrization [12–14],

E
d3Nch

dp3
¼ 1

2�pT

E

p

d2Nch

d�dpT

¼ C
dNch

dy

�
1þ ET

nT

��n
; (1)

where y¼0:5ln½ðEþpzÞ=ðE�pzÞ�, ET ¼
ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
m2þp2

T

q
�m,

and m is the charged pion mass, was fitted to the data. The
pT spectrum of charged hadrons, 1=ð2�pTÞd2Nch=d�dpT ,
measured in the range j�j< 2:4, is shown in Fig. 2 for data

TABLE II. Fractions of SD, DD, ND, and NSD processes obtained from the PYTHIA and PHOJET event generators before any
selection, and the corresponding selection efficiencies determined from the MC simulation.

PYTHIA PHOJET

Fractions Selection efficiencies Fractions Selection efficiencies

SD 19.2% 26.7% 13.8% 30.7%

DD 12.9% 33.6% 6.6% 48.3%

ND 67.9% 96.4% 79.6% 97.1%

NSD 80.8% 86.3% 86.2% 93.4%

TABLE I. Numbers of events passing the selection cuts. The
selection criteria are applied in sequence, i.e., each line includes
the selection from the previous ones.

Selection Number of events

Colliding bunchesþ one BSC signal 68 512

Reconstructed PV 61 551

HF coincidence 55 113

Beam-halo rejection 55 104

Other beam-background rejection 55 100

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022002-2



at 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV. The high-pT reach of the data is
limited by the increase of systematic uncertainties with pT .
The fit to the data [Eq. (1)] is mainly used for extrapola-
tions to pT ¼ 0, but is not expected to give a good descrip-
tion of the data in all � bins with only two parameters. The
parameter T and the exponent n were found to be T ¼
0:145� 0:005ðsystÞ GeV and n ¼ 6:6� 0:2ðsystÞ. The
average pT , calculated from a combination of the measured
data points and the low- and high-pT contributions as
determined from the fit, is hpTi ¼ 0:545� 0:005ðstatÞ �
0:015ðsystÞ GeV=c.

Experimental uncertainties related to the trigger and
event selection are common to all the analysis methods.
The uncertainty related to the presence of SD (DD) events
in the final sample was estimated to be 1.4% (1.1%), based
on consistency checks between data and simulation for
diffractive event candidates. The total event selection un-
certainty, which also includes the selection efficiency of
the BSC and HF, was found to be 3.5%. Based on studies
similar to those presented in Ref. [3], additional 3% and
2% uncertainties were assigned to the tracklet and track
reconstruction algorithm efficiencies, respectively.
Corrections at the percent level were applied to the final
results to extrapolate to pT ¼ 0. The uncertainty on these
extrapolation corrections was found to be less than 1%. All
other uncertainties are identical to those listed in Ref. [3].
The dNch=d� measurements were repeated on a separate

data sample without any magnetic field, for which almost
no pT extrapolation is needed, and gave results consistent
within 1.5%. The final systematic uncertainties for the
pixel counting, tracklet, and track methods were found to
be 5.7%, 4.6%, and 4.3%, respectively, and are strongly
correlated.
For the dNch=d� measurements, the results for the three

individual layers within the cluster-counting method were
found to be consistent within 1.2% and were combined.
The three layer pairs in the pixel-tracklet method provided
results that agreed within 0.6% and were also combined.
Finally, the results from the three different measurement
methods, which agree with the combined result within 1%
to 4% depending on �, were averaged. The final dNch=d�
distributions are shown in Fig. 3 for

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 0:9, 2.36, and
7 TeV. The CMS results are compared with measurements
made by other experiments. In the ATLAS Collaboration
analysis [15], events and particles were selected in a differ-
ent region of phase space, which makes a direct compari-
son difficult. Their results are therefore not included in the
figure.
The results can also be compared to earlier experiments

as a function of
ffiffiffi
s

p
. The energy dependence of the average

charged hadron pT can be described by a quadratic func-
tion of lns [16]. As shown in Fig. 4, the present measure-

 [GeV/c]
T

p
0 0.5 1 1.5 2

 ]
-1

 [(
G

eV
/c

)
T

 d
p

η
 / 

d
ch

N
 2

 
d

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

|=0.1η|

|=0.3η|

|=0.5η|

|=0.7η|

|=0.9η|

|=1.1η|

|=1.3η|

|=1.5η|

|=1.7η|

|=1.9η|

|=2.1η|

|=2.3η|

7 TeV pp, NSD
Tsallis fit

CMS

FIG. 1. Differential yield of charged hadrons in the range
j�j< 2:4 in 0.2-unit-wide bins of j�j in NSD events. The solid
curves represent fits of Eq. (1) to the data. The measurements
with increasing � are successively shifted by six units along the
vertical axis.

 [GeV/c]
T

p
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

 ]
-2

 [(
G

eV
/c

)
T

 d
p

η
/d

ch
 N2

) 
d

T
 pπ

1/
(2 -510

-410

-310

-210

-110

1

10
7 TeV pp, NSD

2.36 TeV pp, NSD

0.9 TeV pp, NSD

Tsallis fits

CMS

FIG. 2. Charged-hadron yield in the range j�j< 2:4 in NSD
events as a function of pT ; the systematic uncertainties are
smaller than the symbols. The measurements at

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 0:9 and
2.36 TeV [3] are also shown. The solid lines represent fits of Eq.
(1) to the data.

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ment follows this trend. The choice of the j�j interval can
influence the average pT value by a few percent.
For j�j< 0:5, the average charged multiplicity density

is dNch=d� ¼ 5:78� 0:01ðstatÞ � 0:23ðsystÞ for NSD
events. The

ffiffiffi
s

p
dependence of the measured dNch=

d�j��0 is shown in Fig. 5, which includes data from

various other experiments. The dNch=d� results reported
here show a rather steep increase between 0.9 and 7 TeV,
which is measured to be ½66:1� 1:0ðstatÞ � 4:2ðsystÞ�%.
Using a somewhat different event selection, the ALICE
Collaboration has found a similar increase of ½57:6�
0:4ðstatÞþ3:6

�1:8ðsystÞ�% [5]. The measured charged-particle

multiplicity is accurate enough to distinguish among
most sets of event-generator tuning parameter values and
various models. The measured value at 7 TeV significantly
exceeds the prediction of 4.57 from PHOJET [9,10], and the
predictions of 3.99, 4.18, and 4.34 from the DW [17],
PROQ20 [18], and Perugia0 [19] tuning parameter values

of PYTHIA, respectively, while it is closer to the prediction
of 5.48 from the PYTHIA parameter set from Ref. [8] and to
the recent model predictions of 5.58 and 5.78 from
Refs. [20,21]. The measured excess of the number of
charged hadrons with respect to the event generators is
independent of � and concentrated in the pT < 1 GeV=c

η
-2 0 2

η
/d

ch
dN

0

2

4

6

CMS NSD

ALICE NSD

UA5 NSD

0.9 TeV

2.36 TeV

7 TeV

CMS

FIG. 3. Distributions of dNch=d�, averaged over the three
measurement methods and compared with data from UA5 [23]
(p �p, with statistical errors only) and ALICE [24] (with system-
atic uncertainties). The shaded band shows systematic uncer-
tainties of the CMS data. The CMS and UA5 data are averaged
over negative and positive values of �.

 [GeV]s
10 210 310 410

 [G
eV

/c
]

〉
Tp〈

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

ISR inel.

UA1 NSD

E735 NSD

CDF NSD

CMS NSD

s 2 + 0.00143 lns0.413 - 0.0171 ln 

CMS

FIG. 4. Average pT of charged hadrons as a function of the
center-of-mass energy. The CMS measurements are for j�j<
2:4. Also shown are measurements from the ISR [25] (pp), E735
[26] (p �p), and CDF [27] (p �p) for j�j< 0:5, and from UA1 [16]
(p �p) for j�j< 2:5. The solid line is a fit of the functional form
hpTi ¼ 0:413� 0:0171 lnsþ 0:001 43ln2s to the data. The error
bars on the CMS data include the systematic uncertainties.

 [GeV]s
10 210 310 410

0≈η ⏐η
/d

ch
dN

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 UA1 NSD

STAR NSD

UA5 NSD

CDF NSD

ALICE NSD

CMS NSD

NAL B.C. inel.

ISR inel.

UA5 inel.

PHOBOS inel.

ALICE inel.

s 2 + 0.0267 lns2.716 - 0.307 ln 

s 2 + 0.0155 lns1.54 - 0.096 ln 

CMS

FIG. 5. Average value of dNch=d� in the central � region as a
function of center-of-mass energy in pp and p �p collisions. Also
shown are NSD and inelastic measurements from the NAL
Bubble Chamber [28] (p �p), ISR [29] (pp), UA1 [16] (p �p),
UA5 [23] (p �p), CDF [30] (p �p), STAR [31] (pp), PHOBOS [32]
(pp), and ALICE [24] (pp). The curves are second-order poly-
nomial fits for the inelastic (solid) and NSD event selections
(dashed). The error bars include systematic uncertainties, when
available. Data points at 0.9 and 2.36 TeV are slightly displaced
horizontally for visibility.

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range. These differences indicate the need for a continued
model development and simulation tuning. Work on up-
dated event generators based on LHC data is currently
under way.

Summary.—Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and
pseudorapidity distributions have been measured in
proton-proton collisions at

ffiffiffi
s

p ¼ 7 TeV. The numerical
values of the data presented in this Letter can be found in
the HEPDATA database [22]. The combined result for the
central pseudorapidity density, from three mutually con-
sistent methods of measurement, is dNch=d�jj�j<0:5 ¼
5:78� 0:01ðstatÞ � 0:23ðsystÞ for non-single-diffractive
events. This value is higher than most predictions and
provides new information to constrain ongoing improve-
ments of soft particle production models and event gener-
ators. The mean transverse momentum has been measured
to be 0:545� 0:005ðstatÞ � 0:015ðsystÞ GeV=c. These
studies are the first steps in the exploration of particle
production at the new center-of-mass energy frontier, and
contribute to the understanding of the dynamics in soft
hadronic interactions.

We congratulate and express our gratitude to our col-
leagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the ex-
cellent performance of the LHC. We thank the technical
and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes,
and acknowledge support from the following: FMSR
(Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES,
FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN;
CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS
(Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of
Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME,
and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France);
BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece);
OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India);
IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU
(Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP,
and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR
(Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus,
Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia);
MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss
Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei);
TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (U.K.); DOE and
NSF (U.S.).

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M. Friedl,2 R. Frühwirth,2 V.M. Ghete,2 J. Hammer,2,b S. Hänsel,2 M. Hoch,2 N. Hörmann,2 J. Hrubec,2 M. Jeitler,2

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2009-10803-9
http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2009-10806-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2009-10806-6
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.064
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.064
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(90)90493-W
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(90)90493-W
http://arXiv.org/abs/1003.4220
http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-009-1196-7
http://arXiv.org/abs/0905.3418
http://arXiv.org/abs/1005.0631
http://arXiv.org/abs/1005.1827
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410446
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410446
http://arXiv.org/abs/1004.3034
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(75)90307-7
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1622
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1622
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.1819
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.1819
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(74)90046-5
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(77)90122-5
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.41.2330
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.41.2330
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.79.034909
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.79.034909
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/8/075
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/30/8/075


J. Strauss,2 A. Taurok,2 F. Teischinger,2 W. Waltenberger,2 G. Walzel,2 E. Widl,2 C.-E. Wulz,2 V. Mossolov,3

N. Shumeiko,3 J. Suarez Gonzalez,3 L. Benucci,4 L. Ceard,4 E. A. De Wolf,4 M. Hashemi,4 X. Janssen,4 T. Maes,4

L. Mucibello,4 S. Ochesanu,4 B. Roland,4 R. Rougny,4 M. Selvaggi,4 H. Van Haevermaet,4 P. Van Mechelen,4

N. Van Remortel,4 V. Adler,5 S. Beauceron,5 S. Blyweert,5 J. D’Hondt,5 O. Devroede,5 A. Kalogeropoulos,5 J. Maes,5

M. Maes,5 S. Tavernier,5 W. Van Doninck,5 P. Van Mulders,5 I. Villella,5 E. C. Chabert,6 O. Charaf,6 B. Clerbaux,6

G. De Lentdecker,6 V. Dero,6 A. P. R. Gay,6 G. H. Hammad,6 P. E. Marage,6 C. Vander Velde,6 P. Vanlaer,6

J. Wickens,6 S. Costantini,7 M. Grunewald,7 B. Klein,7 A. Marinov,7 D. Ryckbosch,7 F. Thyssen,7 M. Tytgat,7

L. Vanelderen,7 P. Verwilligen,7 S. Walsh,7 N. Zaganidis,7 S. Basegmez,8 G. Bruno,8 J. Caudron,8

J. De Favereau De Jeneret,8 C. Delaere,8 P. Demin,8 D. Favart,8 A. Giammanco,8 G. Grégoire,8 J. Hollar,8

V. Lemaitre,8 O. Militaru,8 S. Ovyn,8 D. Pagano,8 A. Pin,8 K. Piotrzkowski,8,b L. Quertenmont,8 N. Schul,8 N. Beliy,9

T. Caebergs,9 E. Daubie,9 G.A. Alves,10 M. E. Pol,10 M.H.G. Souza,10 W. Carvalho,11 E.M. Da Costa,11

D. De Jesus Damiao,11 C. De Oliveira Martins,11 S. Fonseca De Souza,11 L. Mundim,11 V. Oguri,11 A. Santoro,11

S.M. Silva Do Amaral,11 A. Sznajder,11 F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo,11 F. A. Dias,12 M.A. F. Dias,12

T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei,12 E.M. Gregores,12 F. Marinho,12 S. F. Novaes,12 Sandra S. Padula,12 N. Darmenov,13,b

L. Dimitrov,13 V. Genchev,13,b P. Iaydjiev,13 S. Piperov,13 S. Stoykova,13 G. Sultanov,13 R. Trayanov,13 I. Vankov,13

M. Dyulendarova,14 R. Hadjiiska,14 V. Kozhuharov,14 L. Litov,14 E. Marinova,14 M. Mateev,14 B. Pavlov,14

P. Petkov,14 J. G. Bian,15 G.M. Chen,15 H. S. Chen,15 C. H. Jiang,15 D. Liang,15 S. Liang,15 J. Wang,15 J. Wang,15

X. Wang,15 Z. Wang,15 M. Yang,15 J. Zang,15 Z. Zhang,15 Y. Ban,16 S. Guo,16 Z. Hu,16 Y. Mao,16 S. J. Qian,16

H. Teng,16 B. Zhu,16 A. Cabrera,17 C. A. Carrillo Montoya,17 B. Gomez Moreno,17 A.A. Ocampo Rios,17

A. F. Osorio Oliveros,17 J. C. Sanabria,17 N. Godinovic,18 D. Lelas,18 K. Lelas,18 R. Plestina,18,c D. Polic,18

I. Puljak,18 Z. Antunovic,19 M. Dzelalija,19 V. Brigljevic,20 S. Duric,20 K. Kadija,20 S. Morovic,20 A. Attikis,21

R. Fereos,21 M. Galanti,21 J. Mousa,21 C. Nicolaou,21 A. Papadakis,21 F. Ptochos,21 P. A. Razis,21 H. Rykaczewski,21

D. Tsiakkouri,21 Z. Zinonos,21 M. Mahmoud,22 A. Hektor,23 M. Kadastik,23 K. Kannike,23 M. Müntel,23 M. Raidal,23

L. Rebane,23 V. Azzolini,24 P. Eerola,24 S. Czellar,25 J. Härkönen,25 A. Heikkinen,25 V. Karimäki,25 R. Kinnunen,25

J. Klem,25 M. J. Kortelainen,25 T. Lampén,25 K. Lassila-Perini,25 S. Lehti,25 T. Lindén,25 P. Luukka,25 T. Mäenpää,25

E. Tuominen,25 J. Tuominiemi,25 E. Tuovinen,25 D. Ungaro,25 L. Wendland,25 K. Banzuzi,26 A. Korpela,26

T. Tuuva,26 D. Sillou,27 M. Besancon,28 M. Dejardin,28 D. Denegri,28 J. Descamps,28 B. Fabbro,28 J. L. Faure,28

F. Ferri,28 S. Ganjour,28 F. X. Gentit,28 A. Givernaud,28 P. Gras,28 G. Hamel de Monchenault,28 P. Jarry,28 E. Locci,28

J. Malcles,28 M. Marionneau,28 L. Millischer,28 J. Rander,28 A. Rosowsky,28 D. Rousseau,28 M. Titov,28

P. Verrecchia,28 S. Baffioni,29 L. Bianchini,29 M. Bluj,29,d C. Broutin,29 P. Busson,29 C. Charlot,29 L. Dobrzynski,29

S. Elgammal,29 R. Granier de Cassagnac,29 M. Haguenauer,29 A. Kalinowski,29 P. Miné,29 P. Paganini,29 D. Sabes,29

Y. Sirois,29 C. Thiebaux,29 A. Zabi,29 J.-L. Agram,30 A. Besson,30 D. Bloch,30 D. Bodin,30 J.-M. Brom,30

M. Cardaci,30 E. Conte,30 F. Drouhin,30 C. Ferro,30 J.-C. Fontaine,30 D. Gelé,30 U. Goerlach,30 S. Greder,30

P. Juillot,30 M. Karim,30 A.-C. Le Bihan,30 Y. Mikami,30 J. Speck,30 P. Van Hove,30 F. Fassi,31 D. Mercier,31

C. Baty,32 N. Beaupere,32 M. Bedjidian,32 O. Bondu,32 G. Boudoul,32 D. Boumediene,32 H. Brun,32 N. Chanon,32

R. Chierici,32 D. Contardo,32 P. Depasse,32 H. El Mamouni,32 J. Fay,32 S. Gascon,32 B. Ille,32 T. Kurca,32

T. Le Grand,32 M. Lethuillier,32 L. Mirabito,32 S. Perries,32 S. Tosi,32 Y. Tschudi,32 P. Verdier,32 H. Xiao,32

V. Roinishvili,33 G. Anagnostou,34 M. Edelhoff,34 L. Feld,34 N. Heracleous,34 O. Hindrichs,34 R. Jussen,34

K. Klein,34 J. Merz,34 N. Mohr,34 A. Ostapchuk,34 A. Perieanu,34 F. Raupach,34 J. Sammet,34 S. Schael,34

D. Sprenger,34 H. Weber,34 M. Weber,34 B. Wittmer,34 O. Actis,35 M. Ata,35 W. Bender,35 P. Biallass,35

M. Erdmann,35 J. Frangenheim,35 T. Hebbeker,35 A. Hinzmann,35 K. Hoepfner,35 C. Hof,35 M. Kirsch,35

T. Klimkovich,35 P. Kreuzer,35,b D. Lanske,35,a C. Magass,35 M. Merschmeyer,35 A. Meyer,35 P. Papacz,35 H. Pieta,35

H. Reithler,35 S. A. Schmitz,35 L. Sonnenschein,35 M. Sowa,35 J. Steggemann,35 D. Teyssier,35 C. Zeidler,35

M. Bontenackels,36 M. Davids,36 M. Duda,36 G. Flügge,36 H. Geenen,36 M. Giffels,36 W. Haj Ahmad,36

D. Heydhausen,36 T. Kress,36 Y. Kuessel,36 A. Linn,36 A. Nowack,36 L. Perchalla,36 O. Pooth,36 P. Sauerland,36

A. Stahl,36 M. Thomas,36 D. Tornier,36 M.H. Zoeller,36 M. Aldaya Martin,37 W. Behrenhoff,37 U. Behrens,37

M. Bergholz,37 K. Borras,37 A. Campbell,37 E. Castro,37 D. Dammann,37 G. Eckerlin,37 A. Flossdorf,37 G. Flucke,37

A. Geiser,37 J. Hauk,37 H. Jung,37 M. Kasemann,37 I. Katkov,37 C. Kleinwort,37 H. Kluge,37 A. Knutsson,37

E. Kuznetsova,37 W. Lange,37 W. Lohmann,37 R. Mankel,37 M. Marienfeld,37 I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann,37

A. B. Meyer,37 J. Mnich,37 A. Mussgiller,37 J. Olzem,37 A. Parenti,37 A. Raspereza,37 R. Schmidt,37

T. Schoerner-Sadenius,37 N. Sen,37 M. Stein,37 J. Tomaszewska,37 D. Volyanskyy,37 C. Wissing,37 C. Autermann,38

PRL 105, 022002 (2010) P HY S I CA L R EV I EW LE T T E R S
week ending
9 JULY 2010

022002-6



J. Draeger,38 D. Eckstein,38 H. Enderle,38 U. Gebbert,38 K. Kaschube,38 G. Kaussen,38 R. Klanner,38 B. Mura,38

S. Naumann-Emme,38 F. Nowak,38 C. Sander,38 H. Schettler,38 P. Schleper,38 M. Schröder,38 T. Schum,38

J. Schwandt,38 H. Stadie,38 G. Steinbrück,38 J. Thomsen,38 R. Wolf,38 J. Bauer,39 V. Buege,39 A. Cakir,39

T. Chwalek,39 D. Daeuwel,39 W. De Boer,39 A. Dierlamm,39 G. Dirkes,39 M. Feindt,39 J. Gruschke,39 C. Hackstein,39

F. Hartmann,39 M. Heinrich,39 H. Held,39 K.H. Hoffmann,39 S. Honc,39 T. Kuhr,39 D. Martschei,39 S. Mueller,39

Th. Müller,39 M. Niegel,39 O. Oberst,39 A. Oehler,39 J. Ott,39 T. Peiffer,39 D. Piparo,39 G. Quast,39 K. Rabbertz,39

F. Ratnikov,39 M. Renz,39 A. Sabellek,39 C. Saout,39,b A. Scheurer,39 P. Schieferdecker,39 F.-P. Schilling,39

G. Schott,39 H. J. Simonis,39 F.M. Stober,39 D. Troendle,39 J. Wagner-Kuhr,39 M. Zeise,39 V. Zhukov,39,e

E. B. Ziebarth,39 G. Daskalakis,40 T. Geralis,40 A. Kyriakis,40 D. Loukas,40 I. Manolakos,40 A. Markou,40

C. Markou,40 C. Mavrommatis,40 E. Petrakou,40 L. Gouskos,41 P. Katsas,41 A. Panagiotou,41,b I. Evangelou,42

P. Kokkas,42 N. Manthos,42 I. Papadopoulos,42 V. Patras,42 F. A. Triantis,42 A. Aranyi,43 G. Bencze,43 L. Boldizsar,43

G. Debreczeni,43 C. Hajdu,43,b D. Horvath,43,f A. Kapusi,43 K. Krajczar,43 A. Laszlo,43 F. Sikler,43

G. Vesztergombi,43 N. Beni,44 J. Molnar,44 J. Palinkas,44 Z. Szillasi,44,b V. Veszpremi,44 P. Raics,45 Z. L. Trocsanyi,45

B. Ujvari,45 S. Bansal,46 S. B. Beri,46 V. Bhatnagar,46 M. Jindal,46 M. Kaur,46 J.M. Kohli,46 M. Z. Mehta,46

N. Nishu,46 L. K. Saini,46 A. Sharma,46 R. Sharma,46 A. P. Singh,46 J. B. Singh,46 S. P. Singh,46 S. Ahuja,47

S. Bhattacharya,47,g S. Chauhan,47 B. C. Choudhary,47 P. Gupta,47 S. Jain,47 S. Jain,47 A. Kumar,47 K. Ranjan,47

R.K. Shivpuri,47 R. K. Choudhury,48 D. Dutta,48 S. Kailas,48 S. K. Kataria,48 A. K. Mohanty,48 L.M. Pant,48

P. Shukla,48 P. Suggisetti,48 T. Aziz,49 M. Guchait,49,h A. Gurtu,49 M. Maity,49 D. Majumder,49 G. Majumder,49

K. Mazumdar,49 G. B. Mohanty,49 A. Saha,49 K. Sudhakar,49 N. Wickramage,49 S. Banerjee,50 S. Dugad,50

N.K. Mondal,50 H. Arfaei,51 H. Bakhshiansohi,51 A. Fahim,51 A. Jafari,51 M. Mohammadi Najafabadi,51

S. Paktinat Mehdiabadi,51 B. Safarzadeh,51 M. Zeinali,51 M. Abbrescia,52a,52b L. Barbone,52a A. Colaleo,52a

D. Creanza,52a,52c N. De Filippis,52a M. De Palma,52a,52b A. Dimitrov,52a F. Fedele,52a L. Fiore,52a G. Iaselli,52a,52c

L. Lusito,52a,52b,b G. Maggi,52a,52c M. Maggi,52a N. Manna,52a,52b B. Marangelli,52a,52b S. My,52a,52c S. Nuzzo,52a,52b

G.A. Pierro,52a A. Pompili,52a,52b G. Pugliese,52a,52c F. Romano,52a,52c G. Roselli,52a,52b G. Selvaggi,52a,52b

L. Silvestris,52a R. Trentadue,52a S. Tupputi,52a,52b G. Zito,52a G. Abbiendi,53a A. C. Benvenuti,53a D. Bonacorsi,53a

S. Braibant-Giacomelli,53a,53b A. Castro,53a,53b F. R. Cavallo,53a G. Codispoti,53a,53b G.M. Dallavalle,53a,b

F. Fabbri,53a A. Fanfani,53a,53b D. Fasanella,53a P. Giacomelli,53a M. Giunta,53a,b C. Grandi,53a S. Marcellini,53a

G. Masetti,53a,53b A. Montanari,53a F. L. Navarria,53a,53b F. Odorici,53a A. Perrotta,53a A.M. Rossi,53a,53b

T. Rovelli,53a,53b G. Siroli,53a,53b R. Travaglini,53a,53b S. Albergo,54a,54b G. Cappello,54a,54b M. Chiorboli,54a,54b

S. Costa,54a,54b A. Tricomi,54a,54b C. Tuve,54a G. Barbagli,55a G. Broccolo,55a,55b V. Ciulli,55a,55b C. Civinini,55a

R. D’Alessandro,55a,55b E. Focardi,55a,55b S. Frosali,55a,55b E. Gallo,55a C. Genta,55a,55b P. Lenzi,55a,55b,b

M. Meschini,55a S. Paoletti,55a G. Sguazzoni,55a A. Tropiano,55a L. Benussi,56 S. Bianco,56 S. Colafranceschi,56

F. Fabbri,56 D. Piccolo,56 P. Fabbricatore,57 R. Musenich,57 A. Benaglia,58a,58b G. B. Cerati,58a,58b,b F. De Guio,58a,58b

L. Di Matteo,58a,58b A. Ghezzi,58a,58b,b P. Govoni,58a,58b M. Malberti,58a,58b,b S. Malvezzi,58a A. Martelli,58a,58b,c

A. Massironi,58a,58b D. Menasce,58a V. Miccio,58a,58b L. Moroni,58a P. Negri,58a,58b M. Paganoni,58a,58b D. Pedrini,58a

S. Ragazzi,58a,58b N. Redaelli,58a S. Sala,58a R. Salerno,58a,58b T. Tabarelli de Fatis,58a,58b V. Tancini,58a,58b

S. Taroni,58a,58b S. Buontempo,59a A. Cimmino,59a,59b A. De Cosa,59a,59b,b M. De Gruttola,59a,59b,b F. Fabozzi,59a

A.O.M. Iorio,59a L. Lista,59a P. Noli,59a,59b P. Paolucci,59a P. Azzi,60a N. Bacchetta,60a P. Bellan,60a,60b,b

M. Bellato,60a M. Biasotto,60a D. Bisello,60a,60b R. Carlin,60a,60b P. Checchia,60a M. De Mattia,60a,60b T. Dorigo,60a

F. Fanzago,60a F. Gasparini,60a,60b P. Giubilato,60a,60b A. Gresele,60a,60c S. Lacaprara,60a I. Lazzizzera,60a,60c

M. Margoni,60a,60b G. Maron,60a A. T. Meneguzzo,60a,60b M. Nespolo,60a L. Perrozzi,60a N. Pozzobon,60a,60b

P. Ronchese,60a,60b F. Simonetto,60a,60b E. Torassa,60a M. Tosi,60a,60b A. Triossi,60a S. Vanini,60a,60b G. Zumerle,60a,60b

P. Baesso,61a,61b U. Berzano,61a C. Riccardi,61a,61b P. Torre,61a,61b P. Vitulo,61a,61b C. Viviani,61a,61b M. Biasini,62a,62b

G.M. Bilei,62a B. Caponeri,62a,62b L. Fanò,62a P. Lariccia,62a,62b A. Lucaroni,62a,62b G. Mantovani,62a,62b

M. Menichelli,62a A. Nappi,62a,62b A. Santocchia,62a,62b L. Servoli,62a M. Valdata,62a R. Volpe,62a,62b,b

P. Azzurri,63a,63c G. Bagliesi,63a J. Bernardini,63a,63b,b T. Boccali,63a R. Castaldi,63a R. T. Dagnolo,63a,63c

R. Dell’Orso,63a F. Fiori,63a,63b L. Foà,63a,63c A. Giassi,63a A. Kraan,63a F. Ligabue,63a,63c T. Lomtadze,63a

L. Martini,63a A. Messineo,63a,63b F. Palla,63a F. Palmonari,63a G. Segneri,63a A. T. Serban,63a P. Spagnolo,63a,b

R. Tenchini,63a,b G. Tonelli,63a,63b,b A. Venturi,63a P. G. Verdini,63a L. Barone,64a,64b F. Cavallari,64a,b

D. Del Re,64a,64b E. Di Marco,64a,64b M. Diemoz,64a D. Franci,64a,64b M. Grassi,64a E. Longo,64a,64b

G. Organtini,64a,64b A. Palma,64a,64b F. Pandolfi,64a,64b R. Paramatti,64a,b S. Rahatlou,64a,64b,b N. Amapane,65a,65b

PRL 105, 022002 (2010) P HY S I CA L R EV I EW LE T T E R S
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9 JULY 2010

022002-7



R. Arcidiacono,65a,65b S. Argiro,65a,65b M. Arneodo,65a,65c C. Biino,65a C. Botta,65a,65b N. Cartiglia,65a

R. Castello,65a,65b M. Costa,65a,65b N. Demaria,65a A. Graziano,65a,65b C. Mariotti,65a M. Marone,65a,65b S. Maselli,65a

E. Migliore,65a,65b G. Mila,65a,65b V. Monaco,65a,65b M. Musich,65a,65b M.M. Obertino,65a,65c N. Pastrone,65a

M. Pelliccioni,65a,65b,b A. Romero,65a,65b M. Ruspa,65a,65c R. Sacchi,65a,65b A. Solano,65a,65b A. Staiano,65a

D. Trocino,65a,65b A. Vilela Pereira,65a,65b,b F. Ambroglini,66a,66b S. Belforte,66a F. Cossutti,66a G. Della Ricca,66a,66b

B. Gobbo,66a D. Montanino,66a A. Penzo,66a S. Chang,67 J. Chung,67 D.H. Kim,67 G.N. Kim,67 J. E. Kim,67

D. J. Kong,67 H. Park,67 D. C. Son,67 Zero Kim,68 J. Y. Kim,68 S. Song,68 B. Hong,69 H. Kim,69 J. H. Kim,69

T. J. Kim,69 K. S. Lee,69 D.H. Moon,69 S. K. Park,69 H. B. Rhee,69 K. S. Sim,69 M. Choi,70 S. Kang,70 H. Kim,70

C. Park,70 I. C. Park,70 S. Park,70 S. Choi,71 Y. Choi,71 Y. K. Choi,71 J. Goh,71 J. Lee,71 S. Lee,71 H. Seo,71 I. Yu,71

M. Janulis,72 D. Martisiute,72 P. Petrov,72 T. Sabonis,72 H. Castilla Valdez,73,b E. De La Cruz Burelo,73

R. Lopez-Fernandez,73 A. Sánchez Hernández,73 L.M. Villaseñor-Cendejas,73 S. Carrillo Moreno,74

H.A. Salazar Ibarguen,75 E. Casimiro Linares,76 A. Morelos Pineda,76 M.A. Reyes-Santos,76 P. Allfrey,77

D. Krofcheck,77 J. Tam,77 T. Aumeyr,78 P. H. Butler,78 T. Signal,78 J. C. Williams,78 M. Ahmad,79 I. Ahmed,79

M. I. Asghar,79 H. R. Hoorani,79 W.A. Khan,79 T. Khurshid,79 S. Qazi,79 M. Cwiok,80 W. Dominik,80 K. Doroba,80

M. Konecki,80 J. Krolikowski,80 T. Frueboes,81 R. Gokieli,81 M. Górski,81 M. Kazana,81 K. Nawrocki,81

M. Szleper,81 G. Wrochna,81 P. Zalewski,81 N. Almeida,82 A. David,82 P. Faccioli,82 P. G. Ferreira Parracho,82

M. Gallinaro,82 G. Mini,82 P. Musella,82 A. Nayak,82 L. Raposo,82 P. Q. Ribeiro,82 J. Seixas,82 P. Silva,82 D. Soares,82

J. Varela,82,b H. K. Wöhri,82 I. Altsybeev,83 I. Belotelov,83 P. Bunin,83 M. Finger,83 M. Finger, Jr.,83 I. Golutvin,83

A. Kamenev,83 V. Karjavin,83 G. Kozlov,83 A. Lanev,83 P. Moisenz,83 V. Palichik,83 V. Perelygin,83 S. Shmatov,83

V. Smirnov,83 A. Volodko,83 A. Zarubin,83 N. Bondar,84 V. Golovtsov,84 Y. Ivanov,84 V. Kim,84 P. Levchenko,84

I. Smirnov,84 V. Sulimov,84 L. Uvarov,84 S. Vavilov,84 A. Vorobyev,84 Yu. Andreev,85 S. Gninenko,85 N. Golubev,85

M. Kirsanov,85 N. Krasnikov,85 V. Matveev,85 A. Pashenkov,85 A. Toropin,85 S. Troitsky,85 V. Epshteyn,86

V. Gavrilov,86 N. Ilina,86 V. Kaftanov,86,a M. Kossov,86,b A. Krokhotin,86 S. Kuleshov,86 A. Oulianov,86

G. Safronov,86 S. Semenov,86 I. Shreyber,86 V. Stolin,86 E. Vlasov,86 A. Zhokin,86 E. Boos,87 M. Dubinin,87,i

L. Dudko,87 A. Ershov,87 A. Gribushin,87 O. Kodolova,87 I. Lokhtin,87 S. Obraztsov,87 S. Petrushanko,87

L. Sarycheva,87 V. Savrin,87 A. Snigirev,87 V. Andreev,88 I. Dremin,88 M. Kirakosyan,88 S. V. Rusakov,88

A. Vinogradov,88 I. Azhgirey,89 S. Bitioukov,89 K. Datsko,89 V. Grishin,89,b V. Kachanov,89 D. Konstantinov,89

V. Krychkine,89 V. Petrov,89 R. Ryutin,89 S. Slabospitsky,89 A. Sobol,89 A. Sytine,89 L. Tourtchanovitch,89

S. Troshin,89 N. Tyurin,89 A. Uzunian,89 A. Volkov,89 P. Adzic,90 M. Djordjevic,90 D. Krpic,90 D. Maletic,90

J. Milosevic,90 J. Puzovic,90 M. Aguilar-Benitez,91 J. Alcaraz Maestre,91 P. Arce,91 C. Battilana,91 E. Calvo,91

M. Cepeda,91 M. Cerrada,91 M. Chamizo Llatas,91 N. Colino,91 B. De La Cruz,91 C. Diez Pardos,91

C. Fernandez Bedoya,91 J. P. Fernández Ramos,91 A. Ferrando,91 J. Flix,91 M. C. Fouz,91 P. Garcia-Abia,91

O. Gonzalez Lopez,91 S. Goy Lopez,91 J.M. Hernandez,91 M. I. Josa,91 G. Merino,91 J. Puerta Pelayo,91

I. Redondo,91 L. Romero,91 J. Santaolalla,91 C. Willmott,91 C. Albajar,92 J. F. de Trocóniz,92 J. Cuevas,93

J. Fernandez Menendez,93 I. Gonzalez Caballero,93 L. Lloret Iglesias,93 J.M. Vizan Garcia,93 I. J. Cabrillo,94

A. Calderon,94 S. H. Chuang,94 I. Diaz Merino,94 C. Diez Gonzalez,94 J. Duarte Campderros,94 M. Fernandez,94

G. Gomez,94 J. Gonzalez Sanchez,94 R. Gonzalez Suarez,94 C. Jorda,94 P. Lobelle Pardo,94 A. Lopez Virto,94

J. Marco,94 R. Marco,94 C. Martinez Rivero,94 P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol,94 F. Matorras,94 T. Rodrigo,94

A. Ruiz Jimeno,94 L. Scodellaro,94 M. Sobron Sanudo,94 I. Vila,94 R. Vilar Cortabitarte,94 D. Abbaneo,95

E. Auffray,95 P. Baillon,95 A. H. Ball,95 D. Barney,95 F. Beaudette,95,c A. J. Bell,95 R. Bellan,95 D. Benedetti,95

C. Bernet,95,c W. Bialas,95 P. Bloch,95 A. Bocci,95 S. Bolognesi,95 H. Breuker,95 G. Brona,95 K. Bunkowski,95

T. Camporesi,95 E. Cano,95 A. Cattai,95 G. Cerminara,95 T. Christiansen,95 J. A. Coarasa Perez,95 R. Covarelli,95

B. Curé,95 T. Dahms,95 A. De Roeck,95 A. Elliott-Peisert,95 W. Funk,95 A. Gaddi,95 S. Gennai,95 H. Gerwig,95

D. Gigi,95 K. Gill,95 D. Giordano,95 F. Glege,95 R. Gomez-Reino Garrido,95 S. Gowdy,95 L. Guiducci,95 M. Hansen,95

C. Hartl,95 J. Harvey,95 B. Hegner,95 C. Henderson,95 H. F. Hoffmann,95 A. Honma,95 V. Innocente,95 P. Janot,95

P. Lecoq,95 C. Leonidopoulos,95 C. Lourenço,95 A. Macpherson,95 T. Mäki,95 L. Malgeri,95 M. Mannelli,95

L. Masetti,95 G. Mavromanolakis,95 F. Meijers,95 S. Mersi,95 E. Meschi,95 R. Moser,95 M.U. Mozer,95 M. Mulders,95

E. Nesvold,95,b L. Orsini,95 E. Perez,95 A. Petrilli,95 A. Pfeiffer,95 M. Pierini,95 M. Pimiä,95 A. Racz,95 G. Rolandi,95

C. Rovelli,95,j M. Rovere,95 V. Ryjov,95 H. Sakulin,95 C. Schäfer,95 C. Schwick,95 I. Segoni,95 A. Sharma,95

P. Siegrist,95 M. Simon,95 P. Sphicas,95,k D. Spiga,95 M. Spiropulu,95,i F. Stöckli,95 P. Traczyk,95 P. Tropea,95

A. Tsirou,95 G. I. Veres,95 P. Vichoudis,95 M. Voutilainen,95 W.D. Zeuner,95 W. Bertl,96 K. Deiters,96 W. Erdmann,96

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K. Gabathuler,96 R. Horisberger,96 Q. Ingram,96 H. C. Kaestli,96 S. König,96 D. Kotlinski,96 U. Langenegger,96

F. Meier,96 D. Renker,96 T. Rohe,96 J. Sibille,96,l A. Starodumov,96,m L. Caminada,97,n Z. Chen,97 S. Cittolin,97

G. Dissertori,97 M. Dittmar,97 J. Eugster,97 K. Freudenreich,97 C. Grab,97 A. Hervé,97 W. Hintz,97 P. Lecomte,97

W. Lustermann,97 C. Marchica,97,n P. Meridiani,97 P. Milenovic,97,o F. Moortgat,97 A. Nardulli,97 F. Nessi-Tedaldi,97

L. Pape,97 F. Pauss,97 T. Punz,97 A. Rizzi,97 F. J. Ronga,97 L. Sala,97 A.K. Sanchez,97 M.-C. Sawley,97 D. Schinzel,97

V. Sordini,97 B. Stieger,97 L. Tauscher,97,a A. Thea,97 K. Theofilatos,97 D. Treille,97 M. Weber,97 L. Wehrli,97

J. Weng,97 C. Amsler,98 V. Chiochia,98 S. De Visscher,98 M. Ivova Rikova,98 B. Millan Mejias,98 C. Regenfus,98

P. Robmann,98 T. Rommerskirchen,98 A. Schmidt,98 D. Tsirigkas,98 L. Wilke,98 Y. H. Chang,99 K.H. Chen,99

W. T. Chen,99 A. Go,99 C.M. Kuo,99 S.W. Li,99 W. Lin,99 M.H. Liu,99 Y. J. Lu,99 J. H. Wu,99 S. S. Yu,99

P. Bartalini,100 P. Chang,100 Y.H. Chang,100 Y.W. Chang,100 Y. Chao,100 K. F. Chen,100 W.-S. Hou,100 Y. Hsiung,100

K.Y. Kao,100 Y. J. Lei,100 S.W. Lin,100 R.-S. Lu,100 J. G. Shiu,100 Y.M. Tzeng,100 K. Ueno,100 C. C. Wang,100

M. Wang,100 J. T. Wei,100 A. Adiguzel,101 A. Ayhan,101 M.N. Bakirci,101 S. Cerci,101 Z. Demir,101 C. Dozen,101

I. Dumanoglu,101 E. Eskut,101 S. Girgis,101 G. Gökbulut,101 Y. Güler,101 E. Gurpinar,101 I. Hos,101 E. E. Kangal,101

T. Karaman,101 A. Kayis Topaksu,101 A. Nart,101 G. Önengüt,101 K. Ozdemir,101 S. Ozturk,101 A. Polatöz,101

O. Sahin,101 O. Sengul,101 K. Sogut,101 B. Tali,101 H. Topakli,101 D. Uzun,101 L. N. Vergili,101 M. Vergili,101

C. Zorbilmez,101 I. V. Akin,102 T. Aliev,102 S. Bilmis,102 M. Deniz,102 H. Gamsizkan,102 A.M. Guler,102

K. Ocalan,102 A. Ozpineci,102 M. Serin,102 R. Sever,102 U. E. Surat,102 M. Zeyrek,102 M. Deliomeroglu,103

D. Demir,103 E. Gülmez,103 A. Halu,103 B. Isildak,103 M. Kaya,103 O. Kaya,103 M. Özbek,103 S. Ozkorucuklu,103

N. Sonmez,103 L. Levchuk,104 P. Bell,105 F. Bostock,105 J. J. Brooke,105 T. L. Cheng,105 D. Cussans,105 R. Frazier,105

J. Goldstein,105 M. Hansen,105 G. P. Heath,105 H. F. Heath,105 C. Hill,105 B. Huckvale,105 J. Jackson,105

L. Kreczko,105 C. K. Mackay,105 S. Metson,105 D.M. Newbold,105,p K. Nirunpong,105 V. J. Smith,105 S. Ward,105

L. Basso,106 K.W. Bell,106 A. Belyaev,106 C. Brew,106 R.M. Brown,106 B. Camanzi,106 D. J. A. Cockerill,106

J. A. Coughlan,106 K. Harder,106 S. Harper,106 B.W. Kennedy,106 E. Olaiya,106 B. C. Radburn-Smith,106

C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous,106 I. R. Tomalin,106 W. J. Womersley,106 S. D. Worm,106 R. Bainbridge,107

G. Ball,107 J. Ballin,107 R. Beuselinck,107 O. Buchmuller,107 D. Colling,107 N. Cripps,107 M. Cutajar,107 G. Davies,107

M. Della Negra,107 C. Foudas,107 J. Fulcher,107 D. Futyan,107 A. Guneratne Bryer,107 G. Hall,107 Z. Hatherell,107

J. Hays,107 G. Iles,107 G. Karapostoli,107 L. Lyons,107 A.-M. Magnan,107 J. Marrouche,107 R. Nandi,107 J. Nash,107

A. Nikitenko,107,m A. Papageorgiou,107 M. Pesaresi,107 K. Petridis,107 M. Pioppi,107,q D.M. Raymond,107

N. Rompotis,107 A. Rose,107 M. J. Ryan,107 C. Seez,107 P. Sharp,107 A. Sparrow,107 M. Stoye,107 A. Tapper,107

S. Tourneur,107 M. Vazquez Acosta,107 T. Virdee,107,b S. Wakefield,107 D. Wardrope,107 T. Whyntie,107 M. Barrett,108

M. Chadwick,108 J. E. Cole,108 P. R. Hobson,108 A. Khan,108 P. Kyberd,108 D. Leslie,108 I. D. Reid,108

L. Teodorescu,108 T. Bose,109 A. Clough,109 A. Heister,109 J. St. John,109 P. Lawson,109 D. Lazic,109 J. Rohlf,109

L. Sulak,109 J. Andrea,110 A. Avetisyan,110 S. Bhattacharya,110 J. P. Chou,110 D. Cutts,110 S. Esen,110 U. Heintz,110

S. Jabeen,110 G. Kukartsev,110 G. Landsberg,110 M. Narain,110 D. Nguyen,110 T. Speer,110 K.V. Tsang,110

M.A. Borgia,111 R. Breedon,111 M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez,111 D. Cebra,111 M. Chertok,111 J. Conway,111

P. T. Cox,111 J. Dolen,111 R. Erbacher,111 E. Friis,111 W. Ko,111 A. Kopecky,111 R. Lander,111 H. Liu,111

S. Maruyama,111 T. Miceli,111 M. Nikolic,111 D. Pellett,111 J. Robles,111 T. Schwarz,111 M. Searle,111 J. Smith,111

M. Squires,111 M. Tripathi,111 R. Vasquez Sierra,111 C. Veelken,111 V. Andreev,112 K. Arisaka,112 D. Cline,112

R. Cousins,112 A. Deisher,112 S. Erhan,112,b C. Farrell,112 M. Felcini,112 J. Hauser,112 M. Ignatenko,112 C. Jarvis,112

C. Plager,112 G. Rakness,112 P. Schlein,112,a J. Tucker,112 V. Valuev,112 R. Wallny,112 J. Babb,113 R. Clare,113

J. Ellison,113 J.W. Gary,113 G. Hanson,113 G. Y. Jeng,113 S. C. Kao,113 F. Liu,113 H. Liu,113 A. Luthra,113

H. Nguyen,113 G. Pasztor,113,r A. Satpathy,113 B. C. Shen,113,a R. Stringer,113 J. Sturdy,113 S. Sumowidagdo,113

R. Wilken,113 S. Wimpenny,113 W. Andrews,114 J. G. Branson,114 E. Dusinberre,114 D. Evans,114 F. Golf,114

A. Holzner,114 R. Kelley,114 M. Lebourgeois,114 J. Letts,114 B. Mangano,114 J. Muelmenstaedt,114 S. Padhi,114

C. Palmer,114 G. Petrucciani,114 H. Pi,114 M. Pieri,114 R. Ranieri,114 M. Sani,114 V. Sharma,114,b S. Simon,114 Y. Tu,114

A. Vartak,114 F. Würthwein,114 A. Yagil,114 D. Barge,115 M. Blume,115 C. Campagnari,115 M. D’Alfonso,115

T. Danielson,115 J. Garberson,115 J. Incandela,115 C. Justus,115 P. Kalavase,115 S. A. Koay,115 D. Kovalskyi,115

V. Krutelyov,115 J. Lamb,115 S. Lowette,115 V. Pavlunin,115 F. Rebassoo,115 J. Ribnik,115 J. Richman,115 R. Rossin,115

D. Stuart,115 W. To,115 J. R. Vlimant,115 M. Witherell,115 A. Bornheim,116 J. Bunn,116 M. Gataullin,116 D. Kcira,116

V. Litvine,116 Y. Ma,116 H. B. Newman,116 C. Rogan,116 K. Shin,116 V. Timciuc,116 J. Veverka,116 R. Wilkinson,116

Y. Yang,116 R.Y. Zhu,116 B. Akgun,117 R. Carroll,117 T. Ferguson,117 D.W. Jang,117 S. Y. Jun,117 M. Paulini,117

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J. Russ,117 N. Terentyev,117 H. Vogel,117 I. Vorobiev,117 J. P. Cumalat,118 M. E. Dinardo,118 B. R. Drell,118

W. T. Ford,118 B. Heyburn,118 E. Luiggi Lopez,118 U. Nauenberg,118 J. G. Smith,118 K. Stenson,118 K.A. Ulmer,118

S. R. Wagner,118 S. L. Zang,118 L. Agostino,119 J. Alexander,119 F. Blekman,119 A. Chatterjee,119 S. Das,119

N. Eggert,119 L. J. Fields,119 L. K. Gibbons,119 B. Heltsley,119 W. Hopkins,119 A. Khukhunaishvili,119 B. Kreis,119

V. Kuznetsov,119 G. Nicolas Kaufman,119 J. R. Patterson,119 D. Puigh,119 D. Riley,119 A. Ryd,119 X. Shi,119

W. Sun,119 W.D. Teo,119 J. Thom,119 J. Thompson,119 J. Vaughan,119 Y. Weng,119 P. Wittich,119 A. Biselli,120

G. Cirino,120 D. Winn,120 S. Abdullin,121 M. Albrow,121 J. Anderson,121 G. Apollinari,121 M. Atac,121

J. A. Bakken,121 S. Banerjee,121 L. A. T. Bauerdick,121 A. Beretvas,121 J. Berryhill,121 P. C. Bhat,121 I. Bloch,121

F. Borcherding,121 K. Burkett,121 J. N. Butler,121 V. Chetluru,121 H.W.K. Cheung,121 F. Chlebana,121 S. Cihangir,121

M. Demarteau,121 D. P. Eartly,121 V.D. Elvira,121 I. Fisk,121 J. Freeman,121 Y. Gao,121 E. Gottschalk,121 D. Green,121

O. Gutsche,121 A. Hahn,121 J. Hanlon,121 R.M. Harris,121 E. James,121 H. Jensen,121 M. Johnson,121 U. Joshi,121

R. Khatiwada,121 B. Kilminster,121 B. Klima,121 K. Kousouris,121 S. Kunori,121 S. Kwan,121 P. Limon,121

R. Lipton,121 J. Lykken,121 K. Maeshima,121 J.M. Marraffino,121 D. Mason,121 P. McBride,121 T. McCauley,121

T. Miao,121 K. Mishra,121 S. Mrenna,121 Y. Musienko,121,s C. Newman-Holmes,121 V. O’Dell,121 S. Popescu,121

R. Pordes,121 O. Prokofyev,121 N. Saoulidou,121 E. Sexton-Kennedy,121 S. Sharma,121 R. P. Smith,121,a A. Soha,121

W. J. Spalding,121 L. Spiegel,121 P. Tan,121 L. Taylor,121 S. Tkaczyk,121 L. Uplegger,121 E.W. Vaandering,121

R. Vidal,121 J. Whitmore,121 W. Wu,121 F. Yumiceva,121 J. C. Yun,121 D. Acosta,122 P. Avery,122 D. Bourilkov,122

M. Chen,122 G. P. Di Giovanni,122 D. Dobur,122 A. Drozdetskiy,122 R. D. Field,122 Y. Fu,122 I. K. Furic,122

J. Gartner,122 B. Kim,122 S. Klimenko,122 J. Konigsberg,122 A. Korytov,122 K. Kotov,122 A. Kropivnitskaya,122

T. Kypreos,122 K. Matchev,122 G. Mitselmakher,122 Y. Pakhotin,122 J. Piedra Gomez,122 C. Prescott,122

R. Remington,122 M. Schmitt,122 B. Scurlock,122 P. Sellers,122 D. Wang,122 J. Yelton,122 M. Zakaria,122 C. Ceron,123

V. Gaultney,123 L. Kramer,123 L.M. Lebolo,123 S. Linn,123 P. Markowitz,123 G. Martinez,123 D. Mesa,123

J. L. Rodriguez,123 T. Adams,124 A. Askew,124 J. Chen,124 B. Diamond,124 S. V. Gleyzer,124 J. Haas,124

S. Hagopian,124 V. Hagopian,124 M. Jenkins,124 K. F. Johnson,124 H. Prosper,124 S. Sekmen,124 V. Veeraraghavan,124

M.M. Baarmand,125 S. Guragain,125 M. Hohlmann,125 H. Kalakhety,125 H. Mermerkaya,125 R. Ralich,125

I. Vodopiyanov,125 M.R. Adams,126 I.M. Anghel,126 L. Apanasevich,126 V. E. Bazterra,126 R. R. Betts,126

J. Callner,126 R. Cavanaugh,126 C. Dragoiu,126 E. J. Garcia-Solis,126 C. E. Gerber,126 D. J. Hofman,126

S. Khalatian,126 F. Lacroix,126 E. Shabalina,126 A. Smoron,126 D. Strom,126 N. Varelas,126 U. Akgun,127

E. A. Albayrak,127 B. Bilki,127 K. Cankocak,127 W. Clarida,127 F. Duru,127 C. K. Lae,127 E. McCliment,127

J.-P. Merlo,127 A. Mestvirishvili,127 A. Moeller,127 J. Nachtman,127 C. R. Newsom,127 E. Norbeck,127 J. Olson,127

Y. Onel,127 F. Ozok,127 S. Sen,127 J. Wetzel,127 T. Yetkin,127 K. Yi,127 B. A. Barnett,128 B. Blumenfeld,128

A. Bonato,128 C. Eskew,128 D. Fehling,128 G. Giurgiu,128 A.V. Gritsan,128 Z. J. Guo,128 G. Hu,128 P. Maksimovic,128

S. Rappoccio,128 M. Swartz,128 N.V. Tran,128 A. Whitbeck,128 P. Baringer,129 A. Bean,129 G. Benelli,129

O. Grachov,129 M. Murray,129 V. Radicci,129 S. Sanders,129 J. S. Wood,129 V. Zhukova,129 D. Bandurin,130

T. Bolton,130 I. Chakaberia,130 A. Ivanov,130 K. Kaadze,130 Y. Maravin,130 S. Shrestha,130 I. Svintradze,130 Z. Wan,130

J. Gronberg,131 D. Lange,131 D. Wright,131 D. Baden,132 M. Boutemeur,132 S. C. Eno,132 D. Ferencek,132

N. J. Hadley,132 R.G. Kellogg,132 M. Kirn,132 A. Mignerey,132 K. Rossato,132 P. Rumerio,132 F. Santanastasio,132

A. Skuja,132 J. Temple,132 M.B. Tonjes,132 S. C. Tonwar,132 E. Twedt,132 B. Alver,133 G. Bauer,133 J. Bendavid,133

W. Busza,133 E. Butz,133 I. A. Cali,133 M. Chan,133 D. D’Enterria,133 P. Everaerts,133 G. Gomez Ceballos,133

M. Goncharov,133 K.A. Hahn,133 P. Harris,133 Y. Kim,133 M. Klute,133 Y.-J. Lee,133 W. Li,133 C. Loizides,133

P. D. Luckey,133 T. Ma,133 S. Nahn,133 C. Paus,133 C. Roland,133 G. Roland,133 M. Rudolph,133 G. S. F. Stephans,133

K. Sumorok,133 K. Sung,133 E. A. Wenger,133 B. Wyslouch,133 S. Xie,133 Y. Yilmaz,133 A. S. Yoon,133 M. Zanetti,133

P. Cole,134 S. I. Cooper,134 P. Cushman,134 B. Dahmes,134 A. De Benedetti,134 P. R. Dudero,134 G. Franzoni,134

J. Haupt,134 K. Klapoetke,134 Y. Kubota,134 J. Mans,134 D. Petyt,134 V. Rekovic,134 R. Rusack,134 M. Sasseville,134

A. Singovsky,134 L.M. Cremaldi,135 R. Godang,135 R. Kroeger,135 L. Perera,135 R. Rahmat,135 D. A. Sanders,135

P. Sonnek,135 D. Summers,135 K. Bloom,136 S. Bose,136 J. Butt,136 D. R. Claes,136 A. Dominguez,136 M. Eads,136

J. Keller,136 T. Kelly,136 I. Kravchenko,136 J. Lazo-Flores,136 C. Lundstedt,136 H. Malbouisson,136 S. Malik,136

G. R. Snow,136 U. Baur,137 I. Iashvili,137 A. Kharchilava,137 A. Kumar,137 K. Smith,137 M. Strang,137 J. Zennamo,137

G. Alverson,138 E. Barberis,138 D. Baumgartel,138 O. Boeriu,138 S. Reucroft,138 J. Swain,138 D. Wood,138 J. Zhang,138

A. Anastassov,139 A. Kubik,139 R.A. Ofierzynski,139 A. Pozdnyakov,139 M. Schmitt,139 S. Stoynev,139 M. Velasco,139

S. Won,139 L. Antonelli,140 D. Berry,140 M. Hildreth,140 C. Jessop,140 D. J. Karmgard,140 J. Kolb,140 T. Kolberg,140

PRL 105, 022002 (2010) P HY S I CA L R EV I EW LE T T E R S
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K. Lannon,140 S. Lynch,140 N. Marinelli,140 D.M. Morse,140 R. Ruchti,140 J. Slaunwhite,140 N. Valls,140

J. Warchol,140 M. Wayne,140 J. Ziegler,140 B. Bylsma,141 L. S. Durkin,141 J. Gu,141 P. Killewald,141 T. Y. Ling,141

G. Williams,141 N. Adam,142 E. Berry,142 P. Elmer,142 D. Gerbaudo,142 V. Halyo,142 A. Hunt,142 J. Jones,142

E. Laird,142 D. Lopes Pegna,142 D. Marlow,142 T. Medvedeva,142 M. Mooney,142 J. Olsen,142 P. Piroué,142

D. Stickland,142 C. Tully,142 J. S. Werner,142 A. Zuranski,142 J. G. Acosta,143 X. T. Huang,143 A. Lopez,143

H. Mendez,143 S. Oliveros,143 J. E. Ramirez Vargas,143 A. Zatzerklyaniy,143 E. Alagoz,144 V. E. Barnes,144

G. Bolla,144 L. Borrello,144 D. Bortoletto,144 A. Everett,144 A. F. Garfinkel,144 Z. Gecse,144 L. Gutay,144 M. Jones,144

O. Koybasi,144 A. T. Laasanen,144 N. Leonardo,144 C. Liu,144 V. Maroussov,144 P. Merkel,144 D.H. Miller,144

N. Neumeister,144 K. Potamianos,144 I. Shipsey,144 D. Silvers,144 H. D. Yoo,144 J. Zablocki,144 Y. Zheng,144

P. Jindal,145 N. Parashar,145 V. Cuplov,146 K.M. Ecklund,146 F. J.M. Geurts,146 J. H. Liu,146 J. Morales,146

B. P. Padley,146 R. Redjimi,146 J. Roberts,146 B. Betchart,147 A. Bodek,147 Y. S. Chung,147 P. de Barbaro,147

R. Demina,147 H. Flacher,147 A. Garcia-Bellido,147 Y. Gotra,147 J. Han,147 A. Harel,147 D. C. Miner,147 D. Orbaker,147

G. Petrillo,147 D. Vishnevskiy,147 M. Zielinski,147 A. Bhatti,148 L. Demortier,148 K. Goulianos,148 K. Hatakeyama,148

G. Lungu,148 C. Mesropian,148 M. Yan,148 O. Atramentov,149 Y. Gershtein,149 R. Gray,149 E. Halkiadakis,149

D. Hidas,149 D. Hits,149 A. Lath,149 K. Rose,149 S. Schnetzer,149 S. Somalwar,149 R. Stone,149 S. Thomas,149

G. Cerizza,150 M. Hollingsworth,150 S. Spanier,150 Z. C. Yang,150 A. York,150 J. Asaadi,151 R. Eusebi,151

J. Gilmore,151 A. Gurrola,151 T. Kamon,151 V. Khotilovich,151 R. Montalvo,151 C.N. Nguyen,151 J. Pivarski,151

A. Safonov,151 S. Sengupta,151 D. Toback,151 M. Weinberger,151 N. Akchurin,152 C. Bardak,152 J. Damgov,152

C. Jeong,152 K. Kovitanggoon,152 S.W. Lee,152 P. Mane,152 Y. Roh,152 A. Sill,152 I. Volobouev,152 R. Wigmans,152

E. Yazgan,152 E. Appelt,153 E. Brownson,153 D. Engh,153 C. Florez,153 W. Gabella,153 W. Johns,153 P. Kurt,153

C. Maguire,153 A. Melo,153 P. Sheldon,153 J. Velkovska,153 M.W. Arenton,154 M. Balazs,154 M. Buehler,154

S. Conetti,154 B. Cox,154 R. Hirosky,154 A. Ledovskoy,154 C. Neu,154 R. Yohay,154 S. Gollapinni,155 K. Gunthoti,155

R. Harr,155 P. E. Karchin,155 M. Mattson,155 C. Milstène,155 A. Sakharov,155 M. Anderson,156 M. Bachtis,156

J. N. Bellinger,156 D. Carlsmith,156 S. Dasu,156 S. Dutta,156 J. Efron,156 L. Gray,156 K. S. Grogg,156 M. Grothe,156

R. Hall-Wilton,156,b M. Herndon,156 P. Klabbers,156 J. Klukas,156 A. Lanaro,156 C. Lazaridis,156 J. Leonard,156

D. Lomidze,156 R. Loveless,156 A. Mohapatra,156 G. Polese,156 D. Reeder,156 A. Savin,156 W.H. Smith,156

J. Swanson,156 and M. Weinberg156

(CMS Collaboration)

1Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
2Institut für Hochenergiephysik der OeAW, Wien, Austria

3National Centre for Particle and High Energy Physics, Minsk, Belarus
4Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
5Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium

6Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
7Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

8Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
9Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium

10Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
11Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

12Instituto de Fisica Teorica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil
13Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria

14University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
15Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China

16State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
17Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
18Technical University of Split, Split, Croatia

19University of Split, Split, Croatia
20Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia

21University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
22Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics,

Cairo, Egypt
23National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia

24Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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25Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
26Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland

27Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, IN2P3-CNRS, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
28DSM/IRFU, CEA/Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

29Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
30Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute Alsace Mulhouse, CNRS/IN2P3,

Strasbourg, France
31Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France

32Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
33E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Academy of Science, Tbilisi, Georgia

34RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
35RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
36RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany

37Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
38University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

39Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, Germany
40Institute of Nuclear Physics ‘‘Demokritos,’’ Aghia Paraskevi, Greece

41University of Athens, Athens, Greece
42University of Ioánnina, Ioánnina, Greece

43KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary
44Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary

45University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
46Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

47University of Delhi, Delhi, India
48Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India

49Tata Institute of Fundamental Research–EHEP, Mumbai, India
50Tata Institute of Fundamental Research–HECR, Mumbai, India

51Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics & Mathematics (IPM), Tehran, Iran
52aINFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
52bUniversità di Bari, Bari, Italy
52cPolitecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy

53aINFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
53bUniversità di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

54aINFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
54bUniversità di Catania, Catania, Italy

55aINFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
55bUniversità di Firenze, Firenze, Italy

56INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
57INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy

58aINFN Sezione di Milano-Biccoca, Milano, Italy
58bUniversità di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy

59aINFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
59bUniversità di Napoli ‘‘Federico II,’’ Napoli, Italy

60aINFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
60bIUniversità di Padova, Padova, Italy

60cUniversità di Trento (Trento), Padova, Italy
61aINFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
61bUniversità di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

62aINFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
62bUniversità di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
63aINFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
63bUniversità di Pisa, Pisa, Italy

63cScuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
64aINFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy

64bUniversità di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza,’’, Roma, Italy
65aINFN Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
65bUniversità di Torino, Torino, Italy

65cUniversità del Piemonte Orientale (Novara), Torino, Italy
66aINFN Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
66bUniversità di Trieste, Trieste, Italy

67Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea

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68Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
69Korea University, Seoul, Korea

70University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
71Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea

72Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
73Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico

74Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
75Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

76Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosı́, San Luis Potosı́, Mexico
77University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

78University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
79National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

80Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw, Poland
81Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland

82Laboratório de Instrumentação e Fı́sica Experimental de Partı́culas, Lisboa, Portugal
83Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia

84Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg), Russia
85Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia

86Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
87Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

88P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
89State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia

90Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
91Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain

92Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
93Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain

94Instituto de Fı́sica de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
95CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland

96Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
97Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

98Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
99National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan

100National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
101Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

102Physics Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
103Department of Physics, Bogaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey

104National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
105University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

106Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
107Imperial College, University of London, London, United Kingdom

108Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
109Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA

110Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
111University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA

112University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
113University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
114University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA

115University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
116California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
117Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
118University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA

119Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-5001, USA
120Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA

121Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500, USA
122University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440, USA
123Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA

124Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4350, USA
125Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA

126University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois 60607-7059, USA
127The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1479, USA
128Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA

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129The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
130Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA

131Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94720, USA
132University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA

133Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
134University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
135University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA

136University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0111, USA
137State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-1500, USA

138Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
139Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
140University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA

141The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
142Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-0708, USA

143University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680
144Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1396, USA
145Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana 46323, USA

146Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
147University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0171, USA

148The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021-6399, USA
149Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA

150University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200, USA
151Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA

152Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1051, USA
153Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA

154University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
155Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA

156University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
aDeceased.
bAlso at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland.
cAlso at Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France.
dAlso at Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland.
eAlso at Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
fAlso at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary.
gAlso at University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
hAlso at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research–HECR, Mumbai, India.
iAlso at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
jAlso at INFN Sezione di Roma, Università di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza,’’ Roma, Italy.
kAlso at University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
lAlso at The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.

mAlso at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia.
nAlso at Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland.
oAlso at Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia.
pAlso at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom.
qAlso at INFN Sezione di Perugia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
rAlso at KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary.
sAlso at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia.

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