Journal of species lists and distribution Chec ListISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2010 Check List and Authors Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br N o t e s o N G e o G r a p h ic D is t r ib u it io N 350 kind of conservation unit (Durigan et al. 2006). Even so, these remnants are notably rich in species and therefore highly representative (Ratter et al. 2003) since 34 % of the total Cerrado species set can be found in São Paulo state (Cavassan 2002). The Cerrado is included in the list of global hotspots or areas with high concentrations of endemic species, which suffered heavy habitat losses (Myers et al. 2000). The flora inventory is the first step to vegetation knowledge and its best use, serving as a basis for ecological studies and the planning of conservation projects (Felfili et al. 1993; Mendonça et al. 1998). Considering this, in the central- west region of São Paulo state, municipality of Pratânia, a Cerrado sensu stricto remnant was inventoried to provide a vascular flora check list. This study is part of a larger project which intends to perform a more detailed vegetation study concerning the structure and dynamics of the woody component of a Cerrado fragment in Pratânia Municipality, and was developed aiming to add information to the initial inventory performed by Machado et al. (2005), which included all three Cerrado physiognomies occurring in the area. Materials and Methods The studied area is a Cerrado sensu stricto remnant located within a larger Cerrado fragment of nearly 180 ha that also presents other two Cerrado physiognomies: a cerradão and a campo Cerrado remnant. The fragment belongs to a private reserve of Cerrado (22°48’50” S, 48°44’36” W: 720 m average altitude), located in Pratânia Municipality, at the central-west region of São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil (Figure 1). The fragment is surrounded by pastures, sugar cane and eucalyptus plantations. The climate of the region is Cwa according to Koeppen classification, that is, humid subtropical climate with hot summers and no prolonged drought, annual average temperature of 21ºC and annual average rainfall of 1,128 Introduction The Brazilian savanna, so-called Cerrado, is the second largest biome of Brazil (Ribeiro and Walter 1998) and occupies the intermediate region between the two largest Neotropical moist forests: the Amazon forest and Atlantic forest (Méio et al. 2003). The typical vegetation landscape of this biome consists of savanna of very variable structure, encompassing different vegetation physiognomies, and is termed Cerrado sensu lato. Depending on some environmental characteristics a series of physiognomies can be found, ranging from open grasslands (campo limpo) to dense woodlands (cerradão), with three intermediate physiognomies: campo sujo, grassland with a scattering of shrubs and small trees; campo Cerrado, where there are more shrubs and trees but still a larger proportion of grassland; and Cerrado sensu stricto, where trees and shrubs dominate but with a fair amount of herbaceous vegetation (Coutinho 2002). These differences are due to the wide area and distribution of Cerrado vegetation which provides a variety of environmental conditions related to seasonal precipitation, soil fertility and drainage, temperature and fire regime (Durigan et al. 2003). These variations condition the settlement of a Cerrado vegetation mosaic even in small areas (Coutinho 2002). According to Rizzini (1971), more than half of Brazil’s central savanna flora is originated from other vegetation types, which also contributes to its floristic heterogeneity. Besides the ecological importance of the Cerrado, many elements of the Cerrado flora have some economic potential, for example, as a source of active ingredients for the pharmaceutical industry among other uses (Cavassan 2002). Despite its relevance, the Cerrado has been continuously destroyed to create pastures and field crops. In São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil, the Cerrado remnants are today very reduced and fragmented (Durigan et al. 2004) and only 0.5 % of the original area is protected in some Abstract: The Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) has suffered massive destruction in recent years, mainly due to the expansion of agricultural areas. Many remnants of this vegetation are still poorly studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to carry out a floristic survey in a remnant of Cerrado in the municipality of Pratânia, central-west region of state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. In total, 120 species (38 families, 88 genera) were registered. The families with greater richness were: Fabaceae (23 species), Asteraceae (15), Myrtaceae (10), Malpighiaceae and Rubiaceae (seven each) and Bignoniaceae (five). The shrub component was predominant in the study area representing 37.5 % of the recorded species. A comparison among eight Cerrado areas showed greater similarity between areas with similar altitude. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica. Caixa Postal 510. CEP 18618-000. Botucatu, SP, Brazil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: rita@ibb.unesp.br Marina Begali Carvalho, Katia Losano Ishara and Rita C. S. Maimoni-Rodella * Vascular Flora of a Cerrado sensu stricto remnant in Pratânia, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 3 | 2010 Li s t s o f s p e c ie s 351 Carvalho et al. | Vascular Flora, Cerrado sensu stricto, Pratânia São Paulo, Brazil Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 3 | 2010 Figure 1. Location of study area in Pratânia, state of São Paulo, south- eastern Brazil. mm (Déstro and Campos 2006). The soils are classified as Latosol and Argisol (according to the Brazilian System of Soil Classification, EMBRAPA 1999). The floristic survey was carried from January to October 2008, on a weekly basis. Approximately 1 ha of the Cerrado sensu stricto area was inventoried and all species in reproductive phase were collected and identified. Voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium BOTU (Herbário “Irina Delanova Gemtchújnicov”, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, UNESP). The floristic similarity was estimated using the Jaccard Index (Mueller-Dombois and Ellenberg 1974) and included the present study and other seven previously published studies on Cerrado sensu lato vegetation performed in São Paulo state. Species with incomplete identification (only genus, aff. or cf.) were excluded as well as those whose occurrence was reported in just one area, according to methodology adopted by Ratter et al. (2003). Only floristic surveys which included all plant habits were compared. A cluster analysis among these eight areas was also performed using the Jaccard Index of Similarity and the UPGMA algorithm for the dendrogram elaboration (Sneath and Sokal 1973). In the center of the sampled area a 5 x 30 m transect was delimited and every woody plant with stem basal diameter equal or superior to 3 cm was recorded and drawn, in order to make a profile diagram, according to Albuquerque and Rodrigues (2000). Results and Discussion A total of 119 species of Angiosperms (37 families, 87 genera) and one pteridophyte were registered (Table 1). Although this number may seem small compared to core Cerrado (see Gottsberger and Silberbauer-Gottsberger 2006), many São Paulo state Cerrado areas have similar species number (see references in Table 2). Gottsberger and Silberbauer-Gottsberger (2006) also quoted these regional variations and provided an extensive discussion about this matter, pointing out that local edaphic condition and climate characteristics may interfere on the floristic composition, contributing to the extreme Cerrado flora heterogeneity. The most species-rich families were Fabaceae with 23 species in total (10 species on Faboideae, seven on Mimosoideae and 6 on Caesalpinoideae), Asteraceae (15 species), Myrtaceae (10), Malpighiaceae and Rubiaceae (seven species each) and Bignoniaceae (five). These families account for 56 % of the surveyed species. The richest genera were Eugenia (five species), Byrsonima, Miconia, Mimosa and Vernonia (four species each). Among the angiosperms, 20 families and 69 genera had one single species. Several weeds (17 species) were found in the area: Baccharis dracunculifolia, Bidens gardineri, Chamaecrista desvauxii, C. flexuosa, Commelina diffusa, Cuphea cartaginensis, Emilia sonchifolia, Lantana camara, Mikania cordifolia, Pterocaulon lanatum, Pyrostegia venusta, Sida linearifolia, Solanum americanum, S. lycocarpum, Spermacoce capitata, Vernonia cognata and V. polyanthes. This indicates some disturbance, probably caused by the proximity of agricultural areas. Four Cerrado species found in the study area - Arrabidaea brachypoda, A. florida, Byrsonima intermedia and Dimorphandra mollis – are frequently quoted as weeds (Lorenzi 2008) in areas where the original Cerrado vegetation was removed for the introduction of crops or pastures. Shrubs make up 37.5 % of the inventoried flora, followed by herbs (27.5 %), trees (23 %), and vines (12 %). Among the shrub species, the richest families were Asteraceae and Myrtaceae (seven species each) and Fabaceae (five). Apocynaceae, Dilleniaceae, Erytroxylaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae and Proteaceae showed only one shrub species each. Among the herbs the richest families were: Fabaceae (nine species), Asteraceae (seven) and Rubiaceae (three). Acanthaceae, Amaranthaceae, Commelinaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lythraceae, Polypodiaceae and Sapotaceae had only one herbaceous species each. The arboreal component had Fabaceae (seven species), Malpighiaceae and Myrtaceae (three species each) as the richest families. Araliaceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Ebenaceae, Malvaceae, Ochnaceae, Salicaceae and Vochysiaceae had only one tree species each. The families with the highest number of vines were Apocynaceae and Bignoniaceae, both with three species each, and Fabaceae with two species. The other families where vines were represented had only one species each (see Table 1). Machado et al. (2005), in an inventory of all Cerrado physiognomies in the same fragment quoted 168 species in total, but there was no indication of the class or classes of physiognomy where the plant species were found. This makes the comparisons difficult. However, it was possible to observe that 66 species were common to our inventory and that 54 species that we found were not collected by Machado et al. (2005), while they quote 102 other species that were not observed by us. These conflicting results are possibly due to the fact that our research was limited to the Cerrado sensu stricto area, while Machado et al. (2005) inventoried all the Cerrado physiognomies. On the other hand, the results highlight the fact that even in a restrict area more species can be found depending on the inventory effort. The profile diagram of the vegetation (Figure 2) shows the occurrence of a dense woody layer, consisting of trees of small to medium size (three to six m tall), shrubs and sub-shrubs with multiple stems. A low, almost continuous canopy was observed, characterizing a dense Cerrado. The overall number of species sampled in the eight localities chosen to be compared in relation to floristic similarity (Table 2) was 752. From this total, 431 species were discarded because they occurred in just one location. 352 Carvalho et al. | Vascular Flora, Cerrado sensu stricto, Pratânia São Paulo, Brazil Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 3 | 2010 Figure 3. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) using Jaccard’s Index among eight Cerrado sensu lato areas in São Paulo state. The areas are identified by letters (A to H) which are described in Table 2. The remaining set revealed that only 10 species were recorded in all eight Cerrado areas: Anadenanthera falcata, Byrsonima coccolobifolia, B. verbascifolia, Machaerium acutifolium, Miconia albicans, Myrcia bella, Ouratea spectabilis, Schefflera vinosa, Styrax ferrugineus and Vochysia tucanorum. Only 125 species occurred in more than four Cerrado areas. There were also nine species that occurred only in the Cerrado of Pratânia: Aspilia reflexa, Chromolaena congesta, Commelina diffusa, Crotalaria longifolia, Dalechampia micromeria, Icthyothere elliptica, Mimosa xanthocentra, Pterocaulon lanatum and Serjania caracasana. The highest similarity index (54 %) was found between the Cerrado areas located in Botucatu Municipality, at altitudes around 500 m (Table 3). The similarity among the other sites was lower, but there was a trend leading to higher similarity between neighboring areas or between areas with similar altitude. In this category lies the Cerrado of Pratânia (720 m altitude) which was more similar to another Botucatu Cerrado (830 m altitude). The cluster analysis (Figure 3) show the segregation of three major groups, one including areas of Assis, one including only the area of Pratânia and one area of Botucatu, both with higher altitudes (720 and 830 m, respectively) and other group joined areas with elevations ranging from 500 to 600 m. The higher similarity was observed between Cerrado areas within the same municipality or neighbor Figure 2. Profile diagram representing the woody component in the area of Cerrado sensu stricto, Pratânia, SP. 1. Acosmium subelegans, 2. Bauhinia rufa, 3. Byrsonima coccolobifolia, 4. Byrsonima verbascifolia, 5. Casearia sylvestris, 6. Dimorphandra mollis, 7. Diospyros hispida, 8. Eriotheca gracilipes, 9. Erythroxylum tortuosum, 10. Gochnatia barrosii, 11. Machaerium acutifolium, 12. Miconia albicans, 13. Myrcia bella, 14. Myrcia lingua, 15. Ouratea spec- tabilis, 16. Piptocarpha rotundifolia, 17. Myrsine umbellata, 18. Schefflera vinosa, 19. Dead plant, 20. Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, 21. Styrax camporum. areas (Table 3). These results support the statement that the Cerrado vegetation is extremely variable even in very close locations, as noted before in other Cerrado biome areas (Bridgewater et al. 2004). The species-richness and the peculiarities of the Cerrado of Pratânia indicate the importance of this fragment as a remnant of the original Cerrado vegetation in the area and may possibly serve as a floristic reference for future conservation measures. SPECIES POPULAR NAME HABIT Pteridophyta Polypodiaceae Polypodium latipes Langsd. & L. Fisch. polipódio-de-pé-largo Herb Angiospermae Acanthaceae Ruellia geminiflora Kunth ipecaconha Herb Amaranthaceae Gomphrena macrocephala A. St.-Hil. para-tudo-do-Cerrado Herb Apocynaceae Blepharodon bicuspidatum E. Fourn. – Vine Blepharodon nitidum (Vell.) J.F. Macbr. – Vine Mandevilla velutina K. Schum. jalapa Shrub Temnadenia violacea (Vell.) Miers – Vine Table 1. Species recorded in the Cerrado sensu stricto area in Pratânia, SP. 353 Carvalho et al. | Vascular Flora, Cerrado sensu stricto, Pratânia São Paulo, Brazil Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 3 | 2010 Table 1. Continued. SPECIES POPULAR NAME HABIT Araliaceae Schefflera vinosa (Cham. & Schltdl.) Frodin & Fiaschi mandioqueira Tree Asteraceae Aspilia reflexa Baker bem-me-quer Herb Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. alecrim-do-campo Shrub Bidens gardneri Baker picão Herb Chromolaena campestris (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob. – Shrub Chromolaena congesta (Hook. & Arn.) R.M. King & H. Rob. – herb Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. bela-emília Herb Gochnatia barrosii Cabrera cambará-veludo Shrub Ichthyothere elliptica H. Rob. lixa Herb Mikania cordifolia (L. f.) Willd. cipó-cabeludo Vine Piptocarpha rotundifolia (Less.) Baker solidão Shrub Pterocaulon lanatum Kuntze branqueja Shrub Vernonia cognata Less. assa-peixe-roxo Herb Vernonia geminata Kunth. – Shrub Vernonia grandiflora Less. saudades-do-campo Herb Vernonia polyanthes Less. assa-peixe Shrub Bignoniaceae Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC. Bureau) cipó-una Vine Arrabidaea florida DC. cipó-neve Vine Jacaranda oxyphylla Cham. caroba-de-são-paulo Shrub Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers cipó-de-são-joão Vine Zeyheria montana Mart. bolsa-de-pastor Shrub Bromeliaceae Ananas ananassoides (Baker) L.B. Sm. abacaxi-do-Cerrado Herb Dyckia leptostachya Baker gravatazinho Herb Chrysobalanaceae Couepia grandiflora (Mart. & Zucc.) Benth. ex Hook.f. oiti-do-sertão Tree Clusiaceae Kielmeyera coriacea Mart. & Zucc. para-tudo Tree Kielmeyera rubriflora Cambess. para-tudo Tree Commelinaceae Commelina diffusa Burm. f. trapoeraba Herb Convolvulaceae Evolvulus canescens Meisn. – Herb Cucurbitaceae Cayaponia espelina (Silva Manso) Cogn. espelina-verdadeira Vine Dilleniaceae Davilla elliptica A. St.-Hil. cipó-vermelho Shrub Ebenaceae Diospyros hispida A. DC. caqui-do-Cerrado Tree Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum tortuosum Mart. galinha-choca Shrub Euphorbiaceae Dalechampia micromeria Baill. goela-de-pato Vine Manihot caerulescens Pohl mandioca-brava Shrub Sebastiania serrulata (Mart.) Mullenders – Herb Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae Bauhinia rufa (Bong.) Steud. pata-de-vaca Shrub Chamaecrista cathartica (Mart.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby sene-do-campo Herb Chamaecrista desvauxii (Collad.) Killip sene Shrub Chamaecrista flexuosa (L.) Greene mimosa Herb Dimorphandra mollis Benth. falso-barbatimão Tree Senna rugosa (G. Don.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby boi-gordo Shrub 354 Carvalho et al. | Vascular Flora, Cerrado sensu stricto, Pratânia São Paulo, Brazil Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 3 | 2010 SPECIES POPULAR NAME HABIT Fabaceae-Faboideae Acosmium subelegans (Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev amendoim-falso Tree Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth sucupira-preta Tree Clitoria simplicifolia (Kunth) Benth. – Herb Crotalaria longifolia Lam. crotalária Herb Crotalaria maypurensis Kunth crotalária Herb Galactia eriosematoides Harms – Shrub Glycine sp. Vine Machaerium acutifolium Vogel jacarandá-do-campo Tree Stylosanthes acuminata M. B. Ferreira & S. Costa meladinho Herb Vigna sp. Vine Fabaceae-Mimosoideae Anadenanthera falcata (Benth.) Speg. angico-do-Cerrado Tree Mimosa capillipes Benth. mimosa Herb Mimosa dolens Vell. juquiri Shrub Mimosa rixosa Mart. mimosa Herb Mimosa xanthocentra Mart. juquiri Herb Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville barbatimão Tree Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart. barbatimão Tree Lamiaceae Aegiphila lhotszkyana Cham. tamanqueira shrub Hypenia macrantha (A. St.-Hil. ex Benth.) Harley – herb Hyptis crinita Benth. – herb Lythraceae Cuphea cartaginensis (Jacq.) Machbr. sete-sangrias herb Malpighiaceae Banisteriopsis variabilis B. Gates – shrub Byrsonima basiloba A. Juss. murici-amargoso tree Byrsonima coccolobifolia Kunth murici-pequeno tree Byrsonima intermedia A. Juss. canjica shrub Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) DC. murici tree Heteropterys umbellata A.Juss. – shrub Tetrapterys ramiflora A. Juss cipó-preto shrub Malvaceae Eriotheca gracilipes (K. Schum.) A. Robyns paina-do-campo tree Peltaea polymorpha (A. St.-Hil.) Krapov. & Cristóbal malva-do-campo shrub Sida linearifolia A. St.-Hil. – shrub Waltheria communis A. St.-Hil. – shrub Melastomataceae Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana quaresmeira-branca tree Miconia fallax DC. – shrub Miconia ligustroides (DC.) Naudin vassoura-preta tree Miconia stenostachya DC. papaterra shrub Myrsinaceae Myrsine guianensis Aubl. capororoca-comum tree Myrsine umbellata (Mart.) Mez capororoca-verdadeira tree Myrtaceae Eugenia aurata O.Berg murtinha shrub Eugenia bimarginata DC. aperta-goela shrub Eugenia livida Elmer – shrub Eugenia obversa O. Berg fruta-de-perdiz shrub Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. cereja-do-Cerrado shrub Myrcia bella Cambess. cambuí tree Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC. guamirim-vermelho tree Myrcia lingua (O. Berg) Mattos & D. Legrand brasa-viva tree Table 1. Continued. 355 Carvalho et al. | Vascular Flora, Cerrado sensu stricto, Pratânia São Paulo, Brazil Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 3 | 2010 SPECIES POPULAR NAME HABIT Psidium cinereum Mart. ex DC. araçá shrub Psidium incanescens Mart. ex DC. araçá shrub Ochnaceae Ouratea spectabilis (Mart. ex Engl.) Engl. batiputá tree Poaceae Loudetiopsis chrysothrix (Nees) Conert – herb Panicum olyroides Kunth – herb Proteaceae Roupala montana Willd. carne-de-vaca shrub Rubiaceae Alibertia concolor (Cham.) K. Schum. marmelinho-do-campo shrub Alibertia sessilis (Vell.) K. Schum. marmelada shrub Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. piririca herb Declieuxia fruticosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze – herb Palicourea rigida Kunth douradinha shrub Spermacoce capitata Ruiz & Pav. poaia-da-praia herb Tocoyena formosa (Cham. & Schltdl.) K. Schum. jenipapo-bravo shrub Salicaceae Casearia sylvestris Sw. guaçatonga tree Sapindaceae Serjania caracasana (Jacq.) Willd. – vine Sapotaceae Pouteria subcaerulea Pierre ex Dubard curriola-rasteira herb Smilacaceae Smilax polyantha Griseb. – vine Solanaceae Solanum americanum Mill. maria-pretinha shrub Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil. lobeira shrub Styracaceae Styrax camporum Pohl laranjeira-do-mato tree Styrax ferrugineus Nees & Mart. laranjeira-do-campo tree Verbenaceae Lantana camara L. cambarazinho shrub Lippia lupulina Cham. rosa-do-campo shrub Lippia velutina Schauer – shrub Vitaceae Cissus inundata (Baker) Planch. – vine Vochysiaceae Vochysia tucanorum Mart. pau-de-tucano tree Table 1. Continued. 356 Carvalho et al. | Vascular Flora, Cerrado sensu stricto, Pratânia São Paulo, Brazil Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 3 | 2010 Literature Cited Albuquerque, G.B. and R.R. Rodrigues. 2000. A vegetação do Morro de Araçoaiaba, Floresta Nacional de Ipanema, Iperó (SP). Scientia Florestalis 58: 145-159. Bridgwater, S., J.A. Ratter and J.F. Ribeiro. 2004. Biogeographic patterns, β-diversity and dominance in the Cerrado biome of Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation 13: 2295-2318. Cavassan, O. 2002. O Cerrado do Estado de São Paulo; p. 93-106 In: A.L. Klein (ed.). Eugen Warming e o Cerrado brasileiro: um século depois. São Paulo: Editora UNESP; Imprensa Oficial do Estado. Coutinho, L.M. 2002. O bioma do Cerrado; p. 77-91 In: A.L. Klein (ed.). Eugen Warming e o Cerrado brasileiro: um século depois. São Paulo: Editora UNESP; Imprensa Oficial do Estado. Déstro, G.F.G. and S. Campos. 2006. SIG-SPRING na caracterização do uso dos solos a partir de imagens do satélite CBERS. Energia na Agricultura 21: 28-35. Durigan, G., M.C. Bacic, G.A.D.C. Franco and M. F. Siqueira. 1999. Inventário florístico do Cerrado na Estação Ecológica de Assis, SP. Hoehnea 26: 149-172. Durigan, G., J.A. Ratter, S. Bridgewater, M.F. Siqueira and G.A.D.C. Franco. 2003. Padrões fitogeográficos do Cerrado paulista sob uma nova perspectiva regional. Hoehnea 30: 39-51. Durigan, G., G.A.D.C. Franco and M.F. Siqueira. 2004. A vegetação dos remanescentes de cerradão no estado de São Paulo; p. 29-56 In: M.D. Bitencourt and R.R. Mendonça (eds.). Viabilidade de conservação dos remanescentes de cerradão no Estado de São Paulo. São Paulo: Annablume. Acknowledgments: We are grateful to the owners of the Private Reserve of Cerrado “Fazenda Palmeira da Serra” for research license, to FAPESP for a grant conceded to the first author and to CAPES for a grant conceded to the second author. We also thank Dr. Silvia Rodrigues Machado for suggestions and logistic support which contributed to the development of the present research. CODE FOR THE AREAS STUDY SITE PHYSIOGNOMY GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES CLIMATE TYPE* ALTITUDE (M) N OF TAXONS REFERENCE A Pratânia Cerrado sensu stricto 22°48’50’’ S, 48°44’36’’ W Cwa 720 120 Present study B Agudos Cerrado sensu stricto 22° to 23° S, 49°30’ to 48°50’ W Cwa 550 212 Bertoncini (unpublished data) C Assis Cerrado sensu stricto 22°33’65” to 22°36’68” S, 50°23’00” to 50°22’29” W Cwa 520 a 590 298 Durigan et al. (1999) D Assis Cerradão 22°33’65” to 22°36’68” S, 50°23’00” to 50°22’29” W Cwa 520 a 590 242 Durigan et al. (1999) E Botucatu Cerradão 22°48’ S, 48°17’ W Cfa 500 260 Bicudo (unpublished data) F Botucatu Cerrado sensu stricto 22°45’ S, 48°25’ W Cfa 550 301 Gottsberger and Silberbauer- Gottsberger (2006) G Botucatu Cerrado sensu stricto 22°57’34” S, 48°31’20” W Cfa 830 184 Ishara et al. (2008) H Santa Rita do Passa Quatro Cerrado sensu stricto 21°43’ S, 47°35’ W Cwa 600 141 Weiser and Godoy (2001) Table 2. Areas of Cerrado sensu lato in São Paulo state compared with this study. * According to the Koeppen Classification A B C D E F G H A * 34,02 25,56 15,84 33,97 26,01 36,09 25,75 B * * 34,44 24,11 39,06 45,74 34,98 35,83 C * * * 45,37 37,05 36,90 30,09 31,73 D * * * * 20,65 20,08 22,77 21,92 E * * * * * 54,02 28,95 29,24 F * * * * * * 27,70 33,49 G * * * * * * * 29,48 H * * * * * * * * Table 3. Jaccard’s Index among eight Cerrado sensu lato areas in São Paulo state. 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