Grassi, Elisa Donaria Aboucauch [UNESP]de Andrade, Guilherme Schmitt [UNESP]Tribst, João Paulo MendesMachry, Renan VazValandro, Luiz FelipeRamos, Nathalia de CarvalhoBresciani, Eduardo [UNESP]Saavedra, Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni [UNESP]2022-05-012022-05-012022-03-01Clinical Oral Investigations, v. 26, n. 3, p. 2513-2526, 2022.1436-37711432-6981http://hdl.handle.net/11449/233664Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of deep margin elevation (DME) and restorative materials (leucite-reinforced glass–ceramics [C] vs. indirect resin composite [R]) on the fatigue behavior and stress distribution of maxillary molars with 2-mm deep proximal margins restored with MOD inlay. Methods: Fifty-two extracted human third molars were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 13): C; DME + C; R; and DME + R. Inlays were fabricated in CAD-CAM and bonded to all teeth. The fatigue behavior was assessed with the stepwise stress test (10,000 cycles/step; step = 50 N; 20 Hz; initial load = 200 N). Fatigue failure loads and the number of cycles were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) and Kaplan–Meier survival plots. The stress distribution was assessed with finite element analysis. The models were considered isotropic, linear, and homogeneous, and presented bonded contacts. A tripod axial load (400 N) was applied to the occlusal surface. The stress distribution was analyzed with the maximum principal stress criterion. Results: For fatigue, there was no difference for DME factor (p > 0.05). For the material factor, the load and number of cycles for failure were statistically higher in the R groups (p < 0.05). The finite element analysis showed that resin composite inlays concentrated more stress in the tooth structure, while ceramic inlays concentrated more stress in the restoration. Non-reparable failures were more frequent in the resin composite inlays groups. Conclusions: DME was not negative for fatigue and biomechanical behaviors. Resin composite inlays were more resistant to the fatigue test, although the failure mode was more aggressive. Clinical significance: DME does not impair mechanical behavior. Resin composite inlays failed at higher loads but with a more aggressive failure mode.2513-2526engComposite resinsDental porcelainDental restoration failureFatigue fracturesFinite element analysisInlaysArtigo10.1007/s00784-021-04219-62-s2.0-85116978994