Pereira, P. C. M. [UNESP]2021-07-142021-07-142003Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases. Botucatu, SP, Brazil: Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos, v. 9, n. 2, p. 163-173, 2003.1678-9199http://hdl.handle.net/11449/211836Host nutritional state has an important role in susceptibility to bacteria, parasites, and viral infections. Infection precipitates the appearance of signs and symptoms of nutrition deficiencies in the undernourished; this can aggravate infection evolution. Infection stimulates specific and non-specific host defense mechanisms; these are directly influenced by the nutritional state of micro- and macronutrients. Immune alterations, which are closely related to nutritional status, markedly contribute to a higher susceptibility to infectious agents and can also contribute to worsening nutritional state, forming a vicious cycle.163-173enginfectionnutritionimmunitytropical diseasesArtigo10.1590/S1678-91992003000200003S1678-91992003000200003Acesso abertoS1678-91992003000200003.pdf