Ward, R. J. [UNESP]Rodrigues Alves, A. [UNESP]Ruggiero Neto, J. [UNESP]Arni, R. K. [UNESP]Casari, G.2014-05-272014-05-271998-04-01Protein Engineering, v. 11, n. 4, p. 285-294, 1998.0269-2139http://hdl.handle.net/11449/65431'SequenceSpace' analysis is a novel approach which has been used to identify unique amino acids within a subfamily of phospholipases A2 (PLA2) in which the highly conserved active site residue Asp49 is substituted by Lys (Lys49-PLA2s). Although Lys49-PLA2s do not bind the catalytic co-factor Ca2+ and possess extremely low catalytic activity, they demonstrate a Ca2+-independent membrane damaging activity through a poorly understood mechanism, which does not involve lipid hydrolysis. Additionally, Lys49-PLA2s possess combined myotoxic, oedema forming and cardiotoxic pharmacological activities, however the structural basis of these varied functions is largely unknown. Using the 'SequenceSpace' analysis we have identified nine residues highly unique to the Lys49-PLA2 sub-family, which are grouped in three amino acid clusters in the active site, hydrophobic substrate binding channel and homodimer interface regions. These three highly specific residue clusters may have relevance for the Ca2+-independent membrane damaging activity. Of a further 15 less stringently conserved residues, nine are located in two additional clusters which are well isolated from the active site region. The less strictly conserved clusters have been used in predictive sequence searches to correlate amino acid patterns in other venom PLA2s with their pharmacological activities, and motifs for presynaptic and combined toxicities are proposed.285-294engLys49Membrane damageMyotoxicityPhospholipase A2Sequence analysisaspartic acidcalcium ionlipidlysinephospholipase a2venomamino acid sequenceamino acid substitutioncomputer programgenetic conservationhumanhydrolysismembrane damagenonhumanpredictionpriority journalAmino Acid SequenceCell MembraneLysineModels, MolecularMolecular Sequence DataMusclesPhospholipases ASequence Homology, Amino AcidSnake VenomsArtigo10.1093/protein/11.4.285WOS:000074310400005Acesso restrito2-s2.0-003174586691625089789458870000-0003-2460-1145