Bonne, Thomas ChristianLundby, CarstenJorgensen, SusanneJohansen, LarsMrgan, MonijaBech, Signe RefsgaardSander, MikaelPapoti, Marcelo [UNESP]Nordsborg, Nikolai Baastrup2014-12-032014-12-032014-07-01European Journal Of Applied Physiology. New York: Springer, v. 114, n. 7, p. 1439-1449, 2014.1439-6319http://hdl.handle.net/11449/111757This study tested whether 3-4 weeks of classical Live High-Train High (LHTH) altitude training increases swim-specific VO2max through increased hemoglobin mass (Hb(mass)).Ten swimmers lived and trained for more than 3 weeks between 2,130 and 3,094 m of altitude, and a control group of ten swimmers followed the same training at sea-level (SL). Body composition was examined using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Hb(mass) was determined by carbon monoxide rebreathing. Swimming VO2peak was determined and swimming trials of 4 x 50, 200 and 3,000 m were performed before and after the intervention.Hb(mass) (n = 10) was increased (P < 0.05)after altitude training by 6.2 +/- A 3.9 % in the LHTH group, whereas no changes were apparent in the SL group (n = 10). Swimming VO2peak was similar before and after training camps in both groups (LHTH: n = 7, SL: n = 6). Performance of 4 x 50 m at race pace was improved to a similar degree in both groups (LHTH: n = 10, SL: n = 10). Maximal speed reached in an incremental swimming step test (P = 0.051), and time to complete 3,000 m tended (P = 0.09) to be more improved after LHTH (n = 10) than SL training (n = 10).In conclusion, 3-4 weeks of classical LHTH is sufficient to increase Hb(mass) but exerts no effect on swimming-specific VO2peak. LHTH may improve performance more than SL training.1439-1449engLive High-Train HighHypoxiaPerformanceArtigo10.1007/s00421-014-2863-4WOS:000337052300011Acesso restrito