Meyer, WielandCastañeda, AlexandraJackson, StuartHuynh, MatthewCastañeda, ElizabethArechavala, AliciaDavel, GracielaRodero, LauraPerrotta, DiegoLazera, MarciaPereira-Igreja, RicardoWanke, BodoMendes-Giannini, Maria José Soares [UNESP]Melhem, Marcia S.C.Henning-Vainstein, MarleneDiaz, Maria CristinaRestrepo, AngelaHuérfano, SandraSamayoa, BlancaLogeman, HeidiMartirez, Rubén LópezOlivares, Laura Rocio CastañonContreras-Peres, CuadbertoTovar, José Francisco ValenzuelaBustamante, BeatrizTorres-Rodriquez, JosephMorera, YolandaCalvo, Belinda2014-05-272014-05-272003-02-01Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 9, n. 2, p. 189-195, 2003.1080-6040http://hdl.handle.net/11449/67195A network was established to acquire basic knowledge of Cryptococcus neoformans in IberoAmerican countries. To this effect, 340 clinical, veterinary, and environmental isolates from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Guatemala, and Spain were typed by using M13 polymerase chain reaction-fingerprinting and orotidine monophosphate pyrophosphorylase (URA5) gene restriction fragment length polymorphsm analysis with Hhal and Sau961 in a double digest. Both techniques grouped all isolates into eight previously established molecular types. The majority of the isolates, 68.2% (n=232), were VNI (var. grubii, serotype A), which accords with the fact that this variety causes most human cryptococcal infections worldwide. A smaller proportion, 5.6% (n=19), were VNII (var. grubii, serotype A); 4.1% (n=14), VNIII (AD hybrid), with 9 isolates having a polymorphism in the URA5 gene; 1.8% (n=6), VNIV (var. neoformans, serotype D); 3.5% (n=12), VGI; 6.2% (n=21), VGII; 9.1% (n=31), VGIII, and 1.5% (n=5) VGIV, with all four VG types containing var. gattii serotypes B and C isolates.189-195engcontrolled studyCryptococcus neoformansDNA fingerprintingDNA polymorphismfungal genefungus isolationgenetic analysisgeographic distributionmolecular typingnonhumanpolymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphismserotypeura5 genevirus geneAdultAgedAnimalsBacterial Typing TechniquesCentral AmericaCryptococcosisDNA FingerprintingEpidemiology, MolecularFemaleGoatsHumansOrotate PhosphoribosyltransferaseParrotsPhylogenyPolymorphism, GeneticPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthSouth AmericaSpainArtigoAcesso aberto2-s2.0-03450741172-s2.0-0345074117.pdf0000-0002-8059-0826