Fioretto, José Roberto [UNESP]2014-05-272014-05-272003-11-01Jornal de Pediatria, v. 79, n. SUPPL. 2, 2003.0021-7557http://hdl.handle.net/11449/67460Objective: To review the literature on inhaled nitric oxide and to describe its main clinical applications in pediatrics. Sources of data: A 10 year literature review with selection of the most important publications on inhaled nitric oxide, using the Medline and Cochrane Systematic Review databases. Summary of the findings: This review was organized as follows: introduction; metabolism and biological effects; clinical applications; dosage, gas administration and weaning; precautions and side-effects. Inhaled nitric oxide use was described in persistent pulmonary hypertension and hypoxia of the newborn, acute respiratory distress syndrome, primary pulmonary hypertension, heart surgery, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sickle cell anemia, and bronchospastic disease. Conclusions: Inhaled nitric oxide is a therapeutic approach with wide clinical applications in pediatrics. Its use is safe when administered in pediatric intensive care units under strict monitoring. As a pulmonary vasodilator, nitric oxide has beneficial effects on gas exchange and ventilation. Controlled trials, focusing on early gas administration should be performed under many clinical conditions, especially acute respiratory distress syndrome.porInhaled nitric oxideMechanical ventilationPediatricsPulmonary hypertensioncorticosteroiddobutaminedopaminenitric oxidesurfactantbronchospasmchronic obstructive lung diseasecongenital heart diseasedata analysisdrug effectdrug mechanismdrug metabolismdrug safetydrug screeningdrug utilizationheart surgeryheart transplantationhumaninhalationmedical informationmethemoglobinemianewborn hypoxiapulmonary hypertensionrespiratory distress syndromereviewsickle cell anemiaside effecttreatment contraindicationtreatment indicationweaningAdministration, InhalationChildChild, PreschoolHumansInfantInfant, NewbornIntensive CareLung DiseasesNitric OxideVasodilator AgentsArtigo10.1590/S0021-75572003000800007S0021-75572003000800007Acesso aberto2-s2.0-03482254432-s2.0-0348225443.pdf