Ferreira Da Eira, Augusto [UNESP]Kaneno, Ramon [UNESP]Rodrigues Filho, EdsonBarbisan, Luis Fernando [UNESP]Pascholati, Sérgio FlorentineDi Piero, Robson M.Salvadori, Daisy Maria Favero [UNESP]Alves de Lima, Patrícia Lepage [UNESP]Ribeiro, Lúcia Regina [UNESP]2014-05-272014-05-272005-07-04International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, v. 7, n. 1-2, p. 281-299, 2005.1521-9437http://hdl.handle.net/11449/68338The biotechnology, biochemical characterization, and protective effects of the himematsutake and shiitake mushrooms were studied for the Thematic Project, from 1998 to 2003. A new species, Agaricus Brasiliens is Wasser et al. (= A. blazei Murrill ss. Heinem.), was proposed for the cultivated lineages in Brazil. Interactions among lineages, substrates, casing layers, and fructification inductions (temperature alternations) significantly increased the productivity of A. brasiliensis in Brazil (from 40 g to 200 g of fresh mushroom kg -1 moist compost). However, pests and diseases (mainly Sciaridae flies and false truffle), drastically reduced the productivity of A. brasiliensis (below 50 g kg -1). Biochemically for each mushroom species, the polar extracts, no polars, and medium polarity presented the same organic substances; however, their concentrations differed as a result of the lineages, maturation of the fruit bodies, and cultivation conditions. In this aspect, concentration of linoleic acid in A. brasiliensis (added to animal food) was related directly to the chemical protection against carcinogenic drugs in mice. Aqueous extracts of Lentinus edodes (= Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) and A. brasiliensis may be preventive chemical protectors against mutagenic and carcinogenic drugs, depending on the lineage and extraction method (tea or juice). However, immunomodulator effects and tumor reduction were only observed with concentrated fractions (hexanic, methanolic, and ATF extracts). Aqueous extracts of A. brasiliensis and L. edodes have antibiotic-like substances and substances able to act as elicitors of resistance responses in some plants (local and systemic) and show a potential to be used in the alternative control of plant pathogens. © 2005 by Begell House, Inc.281-299engAgaricus blazeiAgaricus brasiliensisAnticarcinogenicAntigenotoxicAntimutagenicGenotoxicHimematsutakeImmunomodulationLentinus edodesMedicinal mushroomsNutraceuticalPhytoprotectionPrimary chemo preventionShiitakeAgaricus brasiliensis extractLentinus edodes extractnatural productunclassified drugantibiotic therapybiochemistryBrazilchemical mutagenesisconcentration responsecontrolled studyfarming systemimmunomodulationmedicinal plantmushroomnonhumanplant diseaseproductivityreviewspecies identificationtemperature dependenceAgaricusAnimaliaBasidiomycotaLentinula edodesSciaridaeArtigo10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v7.i12.260Acesso restrito2-s2.0-208444545343278528112652257884583555063780950511187529809030000-0002-4292-3298