Ação de reguladores de crescimento no algodoeiro em função da ocorrência de chuvas, temperatura e adjuvante
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Data
2007-04-23
Autores
Souza, Fábio Suano de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar plantas de algodão submetidas a reguladores de crescimento em função das condições ambientais e de absorção dos produtos quando aplicados ou não com adjuvante vegetal. No primeiro experimento foram avaliadas plantas de algodão submetidas ao regulador à base de Cloreto de Mepiquat e regimes de temperatura dia/noite de 25/15, 32/22 e 39/29 °C. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Foram avaliados parâmetros de crescimento, retenção de estruturas reprodutivas, fisiológicos e anatômicos. No segundo experimento os tratamentos foram constituídos de uma dose de regulador à base de Cloreto de Mepiquat e chlormequat e correspondente a 15,0 g ha 1 do princípio ativo, aplicado com e sem adjuvante. As plantas foram submetidas à lâmina de chuva correspondente a 30 mm após 0; 1,5; 3; 6; 12 e 24 horas da aplicação do regulador, mais um tratamento sem chuva. O delineamento experimental foi o em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados parâmetros de crescimento, estruturas reprodutivas, reposição do regulador lavado pela chuva e concentração do regulador na planta. Além disso, foram realizados testes paralelos que visaram determinar a concentração dos produtos nas plantas e o comportamento das plantas em condições de campo submetidas à lavagem do regulador. O uso de adjuvante siliconado contribuiu de maneira significativa para a permanência e/ou absorção dos produtos pelas plantas de algodão; o melhor regime de temperatura para o desenvolvimento das plantas de algodão, bem como para que o regulador à base de Cloreto de Mepiquat possa ter sua ação expressa da melhor forma, foi a de 32/22°C e a reposição do regulador inicialmente aplicado e lavado por chuva se faz necessária para que as plantas tenham o seu crescimento controlado, o que melhora todo o sistema de produção.
This research had as objective to evaluate cotton plants submitted to plant growth regulators as affected by environmental and uptake conditions when applied with or without adjuvant. In the first experiment, cotton plants were evaluated when they were submitted to mepiquat chloride and temperature regimes, day/night, of 25/15, 32/22 and 39/29 °C. The experimental design was the completely randomized with five replications. Growth, physiological, reproductive structure retention and anatomical parameters were evaluated related to the plant growth regulator uptake. In the second experiment, treatments were constituted by one rate of plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride and chlormequat chloride of 15 g ha-1 of the active ingredient, applied with and without adjuvant on cotton plants. Plants were submitted to simulated rainfall of 30 mm after 1; 1,5; 3; 6; 12 and 24 hours after plant growth regulators application, plus a treatment without rainfall. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replications. The parameters evaluated were: plant growth, reproductive structures, reposition of the plant growth regulator washed by the rainfall and concentration of the plant growth regulators in the plant. Besides, parallel tests were carried out which had as objective to determinate the concentration of the products in the plants and plant growth in field conditions submitted to plant growth regulator wash. A silicon adjuvant contributes in a significant way for the product permanence and/or uptake by the cotton plants. The most adequate temperature regime for plant development, as well as, for mepiquat chloride plant growth regulator to express its action was 32/22°C and the reapplication of the regulator rate initially applied and washed by rainfall was necessary, so the plants could have their growth controlled, what optimizes the whole production system.
This research had as objective to evaluate cotton plants submitted to plant growth regulators as affected by environmental and uptake conditions when applied with or without adjuvant. In the first experiment, cotton plants were evaluated when they were submitted to mepiquat chloride and temperature regimes, day/night, of 25/15, 32/22 and 39/29 °C. The experimental design was the completely randomized with five replications. Growth, physiological, reproductive structure retention and anatomical parameters were evaluated related to the plant growth regulator uptake. In the second experiment, treatments were constituted by one rate of plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride and chlormequat chloride of 15 g ha-1 of the active ingredient, applied with and without adjuvant on cotton plants. Plants were submitted to simulated rainfall of 30 mm after 1; 1,5; 3; 6; 12 and 24 hours after plant growth regulators application, plus a treatment without rainfall. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replications. The parameters evaluated were: plant growth, reproductive structures, reposition of the plant growth regulator washed by the rainfall and concentration of the plant growth regulators in the plant. Besides, parallel tests were carried out which had as objective to determinate the concentration of the products in the plants and plant growth in field conditions submitted to plant growth regulator wash. A silicon adjuvant contributes in a significant way for the product permanence and/or uptake by the cotton plants. The most adequate temperature regime for plant development, as well as, for mepiquat chloride plant growth regulator to express its action was 32/22°C and the reapplication of the regulator rate initially applied and washed by rainfall was necessary, so the plants could have their growth controlled, what optimizes the whole production system.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Produtos químicos agrícolas, Reguladores de crescimento, Algodão - Cultivo, Chuvas - Periodicidade, Algodão - Cultivo - Temperatura, Adjuvantes agrícolas, Cotton growing, Agricultural chemicals, Growth regulators, Rain and rainfall cycles
Como citar
SOUZA, Fábio Suano de. Ação de reguladores de crescimento no algodoeiro em função da ocorrência de chuvas, temperatura e adjuvante. 2007. x, 104 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2007.