Características morfofisiológicas de plantas e produtividade do milho
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Data
2013-09-06
Autores
Cruz, Sihélio Júlio Silva [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de identificar através da análise de crescimento de plantas, variáveis morfofisiológicas que contribuam para o aumento da produtividade do milho, foram realizados dois ensaios, o primeiro no ano agrícola 2010/2011 e o segundo no ano agrícola 2011/2012, ambos no campo experimental da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Campos Botucatu, SP. No primeiro ensaio, o delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos compostos por 26 híbridos com quatro repetições. As avaliações foram realizadas em seis estádios fenológicos: quatro (V4) e oito (V8) folhas totalmente expandidas; florescimento; grão leitoso (GL); grão farináceo duro (GF) e maturação fisiológica do grão (MF). Foram avaliados: índice de área foliar; número médo de folhas fotossinteticamente ativas; altura média de planta; média de massa seca da parte área da planta, comprimentos médios da espiga e do grão; diâmetros médios de colmo, sabugo e espiga; massa média de mil grãos; índice de colheita; produtividade de grãos e taxa de crescimento absoluto - TCA. Os dados de produção de grãos foram submetidos à analise de variância, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste “T” a 5% de probabilidade de erro. O teste de média agrupou os cultivares em três classes: baixa, média e alta produtividade. Nas análises das características morfofisiológicas de crescimento e componentes da espiga, foram utilizados apenas os dados dos cultivares selecionados. Para isso, decidiu-se que cada classe produtiva seria um tratamento. Os dados foram submetidos à analise de variância, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste “Tukey” ao nível de 5% de probabilidade de erro. Em seguida, foram estimados os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson para a...
Aiming to identify, through plant growth analysis, morphophysiologic variables that contribute to maize yield increase, two experiments were conducted, the first in the growing season 2010/2011 and the second in the growing season 2011/2012, both in the experimental field of Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Campos Botucatu, SP. In the first test, a randomized block design was used, with the treatments consisting of 26 hybrids and four replications. The evaluations were performed in six phenological stages: four (V4) and eight (V8) fully expanded leaves, flowering, milky grain (GL); dent (GF) and physiological maturity of the grain (MF). Were evaluated: leaf area index, average number of photosynthetically active leaves, average plant height, average dry mass of the aerial part, average length of ear and grain, average diameters of stem, cob and ear, a thousand grains average mass, harvest index, grain yield and absolute growth rate - TCA. Grain yield data were subjected to variance analysis and the means were compared by T test at 5% probability. The mean comparison test grouped the cultivars into three classes: low, medium and high yield. In the growth morphophysiological characteristics analyzes and ear components only data from selected cultivars were used. Thus it was decided that each productive class would be a treatment. Data were submitted to variance analysis and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% error probability. Then the Pearson correlation coefficients for growth morphophysiological characteristics with the ear components and grain yield were estimated. In the second test, adopting the same methodology used in the first one, growth and yield of selected maize cultivars in the first test were evaluated, aiming verify if the variations and correlations between the morphophysiological characteristics ...
Aiming to identify, through plant growth analysis, morphophysiologic variables that contribute to maize yield increase, two experiments were conducted, the first in the growing season 2010/2011 and the second in the growing season 2011/2012, both in the experimental field of Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Campos Botucatu, SP. In the first test, a randomized block design was used, with the treatments consisting of 26 hybrids and four replications. The evaluations were performed in six phenological stages: four (V4) and eight (V8) fully expanded leaves, flowering, milky grain (GL); dent (GF) and physiological maturity of the grain (MF). Were evaluated: leaf area index, average number of photosynthetically active leaves, average plant height, average dry mass of the aerial part, average length of ear and grain, average diameters of stem, cob and ear, a thousand grains average mass, harvest index, grain yield and absolute growth rate - TCA. Grain yield data were subjected to variance analysis and the means were compared by T test at 5% probability. The mean comparison test grouped the cultivars into three classes: low, medium and high yield. In the growth morphophysiological characteristics analyzes and ear components only data from selected cultivars were used. Thus it was decided that each productive class would be a treatment. Data were submitted to variance analysis and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% error probability. Then the Pearson correlation coefficients for growth morphophysiological characteristics with the ear components and grain yield were estimated. In the second test, adopting the same methodology used in the first one, growth and yield of selected maize cultivars in the first test were evaluated, aiming verify if the variations and correlations between the morphophysiological characteristics ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milho - Colheita, Milho - Rendimento, Fenologia vegetal, Produtividade agrícola, Corn - Harvesting
Como citar
CRUZ, Sihélio Júlio Silva. Características morfofisiológicas de plantas e produtividade do milho. 2013. xiii, 60 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.