Proteína bruta na alimentação de matrizes de pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus mantidas em tanques-rede
Data
2012-07-27
Autores
Bittencourt, Fábio [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi fundamentar o conhecimento das necessidades proteicas de fêmeas de pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus avaliando-se a qualidade dos ovócitos, seus índices reprodutivos e a ontogenia dos embriões quando mantidas em tanques-rede. Para tanto, o experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias para Piscicultura em Tanques-rede localizado no Refúgio Biológico, município de Santa Helena – PR. Foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto por quatro tratamentos (teores de proteína bruta-PB %) e quatro repetições, 224 reprodutores de pacu em 16 tanques-rede (5,0 m3 cada). Foram formuladas, quatro dietas contendo 18, 24, 30 e 36% de PB, sendo as mesmas isocalóricas, isocálcicas e isofosfóricas para fornecimento aos peixes durante seis meses. No período em que as fêmeas e os machos encontraram- se aptos a desova (dezembro/2009 a janeiro/2010) foram selecionados e aplicadas as doses de extrato hipofisário de carpa. Foram coletadas amostras de ovócitos antes da etapa preparatória e no momento da desova. As mesmas foram divididas em parcelas da seguinte maneira: em solução de Gilson (tamanho ou diâmetro dos ovócitos) e em formol (avaliações histológicas). O restante do material foi fertilizado e disposto em incubadoras cônicas experimentais (20L) para, posteriormente, serem coletados os ovos, embriões e larvas para o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento embrionário e aferição dos demais parâmetros reprodutivos. A distribuição da freqüência porcentual dos diâmetros dos ovócitos coletados antes da 1ª aplicação hormonal apresentou comportamento unimodal para o menor teor protéico e tendências polimodais para os demais tratamentos. No momento da desova, situação similar foi verificada. As taxas de fertilização e eclosão...
The aim of this work was to substantiate the knowledge of protein requirements of female pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus evaluating the oocytes quality, reproductive index and the embryo ontogeny when kept in cages. For that, the experiment was conducted in the Centro de Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias para Piscicultura em Tanques-rede located in the Refúgio Biológico, Santa Helena county – PR. Were distributed in a completely randomized design, composed of four treatments (crude protein tenors – PB %) and four replicates, 224 breeding pacu P. mesopotamicus in 16 cages (5,0 m3 each). Were formulated four diets containing 18, 24, 30 and 36% of PB, being isocalorics, isocalcium and isophosphoric to feed the fish. In the period which females and males were able to spawn (December/2009 to January/2010) were selected and applied the doses of carp pituitary extract. Were collected oocytes samples before the preparatory stage and at the spawning moment. They were divided in parts as follows: Gilson’s solution (size or oocytes diameters) and in formol (histological evaluations). The material reminder was fertilized and placed on experimental conic incubators (20L) to, subsequently, to collect the eggs, embryos and larvae for monitoring embryonic development and measurement the others reproductive parameters. The oocytes diameter percentage frequency distribution collected before the 1st hormonal application showed unimodal behavior for the lower protein content and polymodal trends for the other treatments. At the moment of spawning, similar situation was verified. The fertilization and hatching rates were lower in treatments with 30% of PB having differences (p<0,05) from others. The highest hatching values was found to females fed with diets containing 18% of PB. The highest remaining... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The aim of this work was to substantiate the knowledge of protein requirements of female pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus evaluating the oocytes quality, reproductive index and the embryo ontogeny when kept in cages. For that, the experiment was conducted in the Centro de Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias para Piscicultura em Tanques-rede located in the Refúgio Biológico, Santa Helena county – PR. Were distributed in a completely randomized design, composed of four treatments (crude protein tenors – PB %) and four replicates, 224 breeding pacu P. mesopotamicus in 16 cages (5,0 m3 each). Were formulated four diets containing 18, 24, 30 and 36% of PB, being isocalorics, isocalcium and isophosphoric to feed the fish. In the period which females and males were able to spawn (December/2009 to January/2010) were selected and applied the doses of carp pituitary extract. Were collected oocytes samples before the preparatory stage and at the spawning moment. They were divided in parts as follows: Gilson’s solution (size or oocytes diameters) and in formol (histological evaluations). The material reminder was fertilized and placed on experimental conic incubators (20L) to, subsequently, to collect the eggs, embryos and larvae for monitoring embryonic development and measurement the others reproductive parameters. The oocytes diameter percentage frequency distribution collected before the 1st hormonal application showed unimodal behavior for the lower protein content and polymodal trends for the other treatments. At the moment of spawning, similar situation was verified. The fertilization and hatching rates were lower in treatments with 30% of PB having differences (p<0,05) from others. The highest hatching values was found to females fed with diets containing 18% of PB. The highest remaining... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desova, Embriologia, Peixe - Reprodução, Pacu (Peixe), Proteinas na nutrição animal, Tanques
Como citar
BITTENCOURT, Fábio. Proteína bruta na alimentação de matrizes de pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus mantidas em tanques-rede. 2012. 110 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aquicultura, 2012.