Digestibilidade e exigência de aminoácidos para juvenis de pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus
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Data
2008-05-19
Autores
Abimorad, Eduardo Gianini [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste estudo foram avaliados os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) dos aminoácidos (AA), proteína e energia de seis alimentos utilizados em dietas para o pacu. Os ingredientes apresentaram altos valores de digestibilidade para todos os aminoácidos e diferenças foram detectadas entre os CDA individuais dos aminoácidos dos alimentos (P<0,01). O glúten de milho, o farelo de soja e a farinha de peixe foram os alimentos que apresentaram os maiores CDA para os aminoácidos, mas seus CDA da proteína não devem ser usados como indicativo para a digestibilidade médias dos AA. Dentre os alimentos, o glúten de milho apresentou alto CDA da energia. O escore químico dos alimentos mostrou que a lisina é o primeiro aminoácido limitante para a farinha de peixe, glúten de milho, farelo de trigo e milho e o segundo limitante para o farelo de soja. A metionina apresentou-se como primeiro limitante para o farelo de soja e a levedura. No entanto, o farelo de soja revelou-se a fonte de proteína de melhor qualidade por apresentar o maior índice de aminoácidos essenciais digestíveis (133,1). Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que os valores de aminoácidos digestíveis podem ser utilizados na formulação de rações balanceadas para o pacu.
The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of amino acids (AA), protein, and energy in six feed ingredients (Brazilian fish meal, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, yeast, corn, and wheat meddling) were evaluated for pacu juveniles. In general, all ingredients showed high digestibility values for all AA, and differences among ADCs of individual amino acid were detected (P<0.01). Corn gluten, soybean, and fish meals had the highest ADCs of AA. The ADCs of protein in fish meal, yeast, and corn gluten meal should not be used as AA digestibility indicators, because those showed differences up to 6.7% between the ADCs of protein and AA. All ingredients had lower ADCs of energy than corn gluten meal (P<0.01). Lysine was the first limiting amino acid in fish meal, corn gluten meal, wheat meddling, and corn, and the second limiting amino acid in soybean meal, as methionine was the first limiting amino acid in soybean meal and yeast. However, the soybean meal was the best quality protein source, as it had the highest digestible essential amino acid index. This demonstrated that digestible amino acid values can be used to formulate practical diets for pacu, preventing potential deficiencies or excess that might cause environmental and economic losses.
The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of amino acids (AA), protein, and energy in six feed ingredients (Brazilian fish meal, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, yeast, corn, and wheat meddling) were evaluated for pacu juveniles. In general, all ingredients showed high digestibility values for all AA, and differences among ADCs of individual amino acid were detected (P<0.01). Corn gluten, soybean, and fish meals had the highest ADCs of AA. The ADCs of protein in fish meal, yeast, and corn gluten meal should not be used as AA digestibility indicators, because those showed differences up to 6.7% between the ADCs of protein and AA. All ingredients had lower ADCs of energy than corn gluten meal (P<0.01). Lysine was the first limiting amino acid in fish meal, corn gluten meal, wheat meddling, and corn, and the second limiting amino acid in soybean meal, as methionine was the first limiting amino acid in soybean meal and yeast. However, the soybean meal was the best quality protein source, as it had the highest digestible essential amino acid index. This demonstrated that digestible amino acid values can be used to formulate practical diets for pacu, preventing potential deficiencies or excess that might cause environmental and economic losses.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pacu (Peixe), Aminoacidos na nutrição animal, Lisina na nutrição animal, Proteína ideal, Tanque-rede, Piaractus mesopotamicus, Digestible amino acid, Ideal protein
Como citar
ABIMORAD, Eduardo Gianini. Digestibilidade e exigência de aminoácidos para juvenis de pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus. 2008. xiii, 82 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aqüicultura, 2008.