Estabilidade e controle dinâmico de roll waves
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Data
2013-08-02
Autores
Ferreira, Fabiana de Oliveira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nesta tese propõem-se investigar os escoamentos com superfície livre de fluidos newtonianos e hiperconcentrados de reologia não-newtoniana, com aplicação no âmbito de catástrofes naturais. Esta temática apresenta duas vertentes: uma visão das ciências sociais sobre riscos e catástrofes e seus impactos de ordem econômica e social; uma segunda vertente no plano da engenharia (visão mais mecanicista) que trata do estudo dos escoamentos de fluidos lamosos em corredores de lavas torrenciais, canais e encostas íngremes, com presença de um tipo específico de instabilidade na superfície livre, as roll waves. O fenômeno roll wave é caracterizado por sua configuração periódica, com frentes de ondas que se deslocam com elevada velocidade. Assim, a capacidade destrutiva do escoamento é potencializada com a presença destas instabilidades. Nesta tese procura-se identificar as condições de geração destas ondas e suas propriedades através de modelagem matemática e numérica. Para se estabelecer um modelo matemático que represente o fenômeno em questão, parte-se das equações fundamentais de conservação da massa e quantidade de movimento (equações de Cauchy), levando-se em consideração as hipóteses de águas rasas, com introdução do modelo reológico de Herschel Bulkley na parte viscosa do tensor de tensões. A técnica de análise de estabilidade linear é usada no equacionamento em variáveis adimensionais, tendo sido estabelecido dois critérios para a geração das roll waves: o primeiro está relacionado com número de Froude > , em que é o número de Froude mínimo necessário para geração de roll waves e o segundo é determinado em função da frequência de perturbação < , onde é a frequência máxima de perturbação possível à geração destas ondas. Identificadas tais condições, um...
This thesis follows the investigation of free surface flows of Newtonian and hyperconcentrated (non-Newtonian) fluids on natural disasters context. This research presents two approaches, being the first approach a vision of natural hazards and disasters and their social consequences; and the second, the engineering plan (mechanical point of view) which is the study of muddy fluids in corridors, steep slopes and open channels with the presence of a specific type of instability on the free surface known as the roll waves. Roll wave phenomenon is characterized by its periodic configuration with moving wavefronts at high speed. Thus, the destructive capability of flow is enhanced by the presence of roll waves. This thesis attempts to identify generation conditions for these waves and also their properties, both through mathematical and numerical modeling. In order to establish a mathematical model that represents the phenomenon, the system of equations composed by mass and momentum conservation (Cauchy’s equations) is used, taking into account the assumptions of shallow water, and introducing the Herschel-Bulkley rheological model on the viscous stress tensor. The technique of linear stability analysis is used on the system on dimensionless variables. Two criteria are established for the generation of roll waves: the first is related to Froude number > , where is the minimum Froude number for the generation of roll waves; and the second is determined by the disturbance < , where is the maximum disturbance frequency possible to the generation of these waves. Identified these conditions, a mathematical model (1D) determines the main properties of roll waves, such as amplitude, length and propagation velocity. This model is established by rewriting the equations in a moving coordinate system. As this model i... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This thesis follows the investigation of free surface flows of Newtonian and hyperconcentrated (non-Newtonian) fluids on natural disasters context. This research presents two approaches, being the first approach a vision of natural hazards and disasters and their social consequences; and the second, the engineering plan (mechanical point of view) which is the study of muddy fluids in corridors, steep slopes and open channels with the presence of a specific type of instability on the free surface known as the roll waves. Roll wave phenomenon is characterized by its periodic configuration with moving wavefronts at high speed. Thus, the destructive capability of flow is enhanced by the presence of roll waves. This thesis attempts to identify generation conditions for these waves and also their properties, both through mathematical and numerical modeling. In order to establish a mathematical model that represents the phenomenon, the system of equations composed by mass and momentum conservation (Cauchy’s equations) is used, taking into account the assumptions of shallow water, and introducing the Herschel-Bulkley rheological model on the viscous stress tensor. The technique of linear stability analysis is used on the system on dimensionless variables. Two criteria are established for the generation of roll waves: the first is related to Froude number > , where is the minimum Froude number for the generation of roll waves; and the second is determined by the disturbance < , where is the maximum disturbance frequency possible to the generation of these waves. Identified these conditions, a mathematical model (1D) determines the main properties of roll waves, such as amplitude, length and propagation velocity. This model is established by rewriting the equations in a moving coordinate system. As this model i... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Catastrofes naturais, Fluidos não-newtonianos, Estabilidade, Dinamica dos fluidos, Fluid dynamics
Como citar
FERREIRA, Fabiana de Oliveira. Estabilidade e controle dinâmico de roll waves. 2013. 204 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2013.