Uso de remanescentes florestais pela anurofauna da região noroeste do estado de São Paulo
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Data
2009-02-23
Autores
Prado, Vitor Hugo Mendonça do [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar os fatores determinantes da estrutura de comunidades de anuros em corpos d’água e no interior de fragmentos florestais na região noroeste do estado de São Paulo. Foram amostrados 51 corpos d’água por busca em sitio de reprodução e o interior de oito fragmentos florestais por armadilhas de interceptação e queda. Primeiramente analisamos a influência de variáveis locais e da paisagem na riqueza e composição de espécies nos corpos d’água. A riqueza de espécies foi afetada por variáveis de escala local: cobertura vegetal e profundidade (relação positiva) e número de tipos de vegetação (relação negativa). Entretanto, as variáveis da paisagem influenciaram a riqueza de espécies em guildas: a distância até o corpo d’água mais próximo influenciou positivamente a riqueza de anuros escaladores e a vegetação ao redor do corpo d’água influenciou negativamente a riqueza de anuros associados a formações abertas. A composição da fauna de anuros nos corpos d’água pode ser explicada principalmente pelas variáveis ambientais (26,2%) e pela localização espacial dos corpos d’água (19,3%). A combinação entre variáveis ambientais e espaciais explica 7,3% da variação na composição da fauna. As variáveis ambientais que mais influenciaram a variação na composição de espécies foram a velocidade da água e a cobertura vegetal no interior do corpo d’água. A composição de espécies é influenciada por substituição de espécies entre corpos d’água lóticos e lênticos e perda de espécies, que pode ser causada pela redução da quantidade de vegetação no interior dos ambientes lênticos. Além disso, a distância entre os corpos d’água amostrados também foi importante na variação da composição de espécies, refletindo a distribuição geográfica das espécies. Esse resultado evidencia...
Our aim in this study was to establish the key factors structuring anuran communities along water bodies and forest fragments in the northwestern Sao Paulo state. We sampled 51 water bodies using search at breeding sites method, furthermore we used pitfall traps to survey the anuran fauna in eight forest fragments. First we analyzed how water bodies attributes influence species richness and composition at local and landscape scales. Species richness was influenced by local attributes: vegetation cover and water depth (positive relation) and number of vegetation types (negative relation). However, landscape attributes influenced the richness of guilds: distance to the near water body positively influenced the richness of climber anurans and vegetation around the water body influenced negatively the richness of anurans associated with open formations. The composition of the anuran fauna in the water bodies can be explained mainly by the environmental variables (26.2%) and the spatial position of water bodies (19.3%). The combination of spatial and environmental variables explains 7.3% of the variation in the faunal composition. The environmental variables that most influenced the variation in species composition were the water velocity and vegetation cover within the water body. The species composition is regulated by species turnover between lentic and lotic water bodies, and species loss caused by the reduction in the amount of vegetation within lentic environments. Moreover, the distance between the sampled water bodies was also important to explain the variation in species composition, reflecting the geographic distribution of species. This result demonstrates that the conservation of anuran species richness in the water bodies of the studied region, demand the conservation of many types of water bodies at several localities, rather than just protect a large patch of habitat... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Our aim in this study was to establish the key factors structuring anuran communities along water bodies and forest fragments in the northwestern Sao Paulo state. We sampled 51 water bodies using search at breeding sites method, furthermore we used pitfall traps to survey the anuran fauna in eight forest fragments. First we analyzed how water bodies attributes influence species richness and composition at local and landscape scales. Species richness was influenced by local attributes: vegetation cover and water depth (positive relation) and number of vegetation types (negative relation). However, landscape attributes influenced the richness of guilds: distance to the near water body positively influenced the richness of climber anurans and vegetation around the water body influenced negatively the richness of anurans associated with open formations. The composition of the anuran fauna in the water bodies can be explained mainly by the environmental variables (26.2%) and the spatial position of water bodies (19.3%). The combination of spatial and environmental variables explains 7.3% of the variation in the faunal composition. The environmental variables that most influenced the variation in species composition were the water velocity and vegetation cover within the water body. The species composition is regulated by species turnover between lentic and lotic water bodies, and species loss caused by the reduction in the amount of vegetation within lentic environments. Moreover, the distance between the sampled water bodies was also important to explain the variation in species composition, reflecting the geographic distribution of species. This result demonstrates that the conservation of anuran species richness in the water bodies of the studied region, demand the conservation of many types of water bodies at several localities, rather than just protect a large patch of habitat... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ecologia animal, Anuro, Animal ecology
Como citar
PRADO, Vitor Hugo Mendonça do. Uso de remanescentes florestais pela anurofauna da região noroeste do estado de São Paulo. 2009. 77 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2009.