Modelos não convencionais para estudo de interação fungo- hospedeiro e ação antifúngica
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Data
2012-10-19
Autores
Scorzoni, Liliana [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A incidência de infecções fúngicas oportunistas tem aumentado nas últimas décadas devido à crescente proporção de pacientes imunocomprometidos em nossa sociedade. Candida krusei é descrita como um dos agentes de infecções fúngicas em pacientes susceptíveis. Embora sua prevalência seja baixa entre as infecções fúngicas (2-7%), a resistência intrínseca ao fluconazol torna esta levedura importante no contexto relacionado à epidemiologia e na procura de novas alternativas terapêuticas. Modelos de organismos não mamíferos são alternativas viáveis para estudar a virulência de fungos e eficácia de drogas. Neste trabalho utilizou-se Galleria mellonella e Caenorhabditis elegans como modelos para estudar a virulência e avaliar a eficácia antifúngica de anfotericina B e fluconazol durante a infecção por C. krusei, bem como cultura de macrófagos e testes de agrotransformação. No modelo de G. mellonella foi realizada a caracterização completa da interação de C. krusei por meio da determinação do índice de fagocitose, quantificação da densidade hemocitária, melanização, estudos de filamentação, carga fúngica e histopatologia. Além disso, foi realizado estudo de eficácia antifúngica entre G. mellonella e C. elegans mostrando resultados compatíveis entre os dois modelos. Além disso, utilizou-se cultura de macrófagos RAW 267.7 para verificar o efeito das duas drogas sobre a fagocitose e produção de citocinas quando as células foram infectadas com C. krusei. Não houve alterações quanto à fagocitose nesse modelo, entretanto a produção de TNF-α mostrou-se excessivamente aumentada com o tratamento com anfotericina sugerindo que além do efeito direto da droga existem também mecanismos de imunomodulação envolvidos nessa...
The incidence of opportunistic fungal infections has increased in the last decades due to the increasing proportion of immunocompromised patients. Candida krusei is described as one of the agents of fungal infections in susceptible patients. Although its prevalence is low among fungal infections (2-7%), the intrinsic resistance to fluconazole makes this yeast important in this context related to epidemiology and new therapies. Models of non-mammalian are viable alternatives to study virulence of fungi and drug efficacy. In this work we used Galleria mellonella and Caenorhabditis elegans as models for studying virulence and evaluate the efficacy of antifungal agent’s amphotericin B, fluconazole and caspofungin during infection by C. krusei, and C. albicans, as well as, macrophages and agrotransformation studies. The model of G. mellonella was done full characterization of the interaction with C. krusei by determining the phagocytosis index, measuring the density haemocytic, melanization, filamentation studies, fungal burden and histopathology. In addition, we conducted a study of antifungal efficacy between G. mellonella and C. elegans showing compatible results between the two models. Furthermore, we used macrophage culture RAW 267.7 to determine the effect of drugs amphotericin B and fluconazole on phagocytosis and production of cytokines when the cells were infected with C. krusei and C. albicans. There was no change on the phagocytosis in this model, however, the production of TNF-α was shown to be excessively increased with treatment with amphotericin suggesting that in addition to the direct effect of the drug, immunomodulation mechanisms are also involved in this response. The construction of transformants... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The incidence of opportunistic fungal infections has increased in the last decades due to the increasing proportion of immunocompromised patients. Candida krusei is described as one of the agents of fungal infections in susceptible patients. Although its prevalence is low among fungal infections (2-7%), the intrinsic resistance to fluconazole makes this yeast important in this context related to epidemiology and new therapies. Models of non-mammalian are viable alternatives to study virulence of fungi and drug efficacy. In this work we used Galleria mellonella and Caenorhabditis elegans as models for studying virulence and evaluate the efficacy of antifungal agent’s amphotericin B, fluconazole and caspofungin during infection by C. krusei, and C. albicans, as well as, macrophages and agrotransformation studies. The model of G. mellonella was done full characterization of the interaction with C. krusei by determining the phagocytosis index, measuring the density haemocytic, melanization, filamentation studies, fungal burden and histopathology. In addition, we conducted a study of antifungal efficacy between G. mellonella and C. elegans showing compatible results between the two models. Furthermore, we used macrophage culture RAW 267.7 to determine the effect of drugs amphotericin B and fluconazole on phagocytosis and production of cytokines when the cells were infected with C. krusei and C. albicans. There was no change on the phagocytosis in this model, however, the production of TNF-α was shown to be excessively increased with treatment with amphotericin suggesting that in addition to the direct effect of the drug, immunomodulation mechanisms are also involved in this response. The construction of transformants... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fungos, Atividade antifúngica, Macrofagos, Toxicidade - Testes, Modelos animais em pesquisa, Virulencia (Microbiologia), Micoses fungoides, Fungi
Como citar
SCORZONI, Liliana. Modelos não convencionais para estudo de interação fungo- hospedeiro e ação antifúngica. 2012. 144 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2012.