Educação infantil: percepção de profissionais e familiares sobre inclusão, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da criança com deficiência, em Maringá/BR e em Guadalajara/ES
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Data
2011-07-20
Autores
Miranda, Maria de Jesus Cano [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um estudo descritivo e comparativo a respeito das condições necessárias que envolvem o processo de inclusão e identificar/analisar como acontece a aprendizagem e desenvolvimento de 15 crianças com deficiência que frequentam a Educação Infantil do sistema regular de ensino, segundo a percepção de profissionais e familiares, na cidade de Maringá/Brasil e em Guadalajara1/Espanha. Fundamentou-se nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da concepção Histórico- Cultural defendida por Lev Semenovictch Vygotski. Para este autor, a inserção da criança com deficiência no meio social e cultural oportuniza-lhe a possibilidade de interação e internalização de conceitos de forma a favorecer o desenvolvimento de suas funções psíquicas superiores. A crença de se reconhecer o potencial das crianças com deficiências deve-se aos resultados dos intensos estudos desenvolvidos pelo autor e seus colaboradores. Vygotski defende ainda que a aprendizagem e desenvolvimento não são sinônimos e nem acontecem paralelamente, mas são processos que se interrelacionam de forma complexa.Trata-se de uma proposta de pesquisa de campo, na modalidade de estudo descritivo e comparativo, com enfoque misto qualitativo e quantitativo. Realizada por meio de observações, entrevistas semiestruturadas, pesquisa na literatura e análise documental em instituições de Educação Infantil visitadas. Profissionais da Educação Infantil, pais e/ou responsáveis dessas crianças foram os participantes desta pesquisa, totalizando 146 pessoas entrevistadas e 56 observadas nos dois contextos, brasileiro e espanhol. Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que nas duas realidades, cada qual com sua especificidade, há dificuldades para implantação de um sistema de ensino capaz de atender às necessidades de escolarização para a diversidade dos alunos e de prover educação...
The goals set for the present work were twofold: carry out a descriptive and comparative study about the necessary conditions around the inclusion process and identify/analyse how the learning and development processes take place on 15 handicapped children attending regular infant school, according to the professional’s and family’s perceptions, in Maringá (Brazil) and in Guadalajara3 (Spain) This investigation is based on the theoretical and methodological principles of the historical-cultural notion by Lev Semenovictch Vygotski. For this author, inserting a handicapped child in the cultural and social circles of other children fosters interaction and enhances the possibility of internalization of concepts, improving the development of his superior psychic functions. Acknowledging the potential of handicapped children is attributed to in-depth studies conducted by Vygotski and his contributors. Vygotski argues that the learning and development processes are not synonyms and do not even take place in parallel, but relate to each other in a complex fashion. The present work is a field research, a comparative and descriptive study focusing both on qualitative and quantitative approaches. It is accomplished by means of observations, semi-structured interviews, literature review and documental analysis in selected children’s schools. Educational professionals and the children’s parents are the participants of this research, adding up to 146 interviewed people and 56 observed people on both contexts. The results show that, in both Brazilian and Spanish contexts (each having its own peculiarities), there are difficulties to establish a teaching system capable of catering to the learning needs of the pupil’s diversity and to provide quality education for all, specially for children with different learning potentials. Some similarities and differences have been revealed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The goals set for the present work were twofold: carry out a descriptive and comparative study about the necessary conditions around the inclusion process and identify/analyse how the learning and development processes take place on 15 handicapped children attending regular infant school, according to the professional’s and family’s perceptions, in Maringá (Brazil) and in Guadalajara3 (Spain) This investigation is based on the theoretical and methodological principles of the historical-cultural notion by Lev Semenovictch Vygotski. For this author, inserting a handicapped child in the cultural and social circles of other children fosters interaction and enhances the possibility of internalization of concepts, improving the development of his superior psychic functions. Acknowledging the potential of handicapped children is attributed to in-depth studies conducted by Vygotski and his contributors. Vygotski argues that the learning and development processes are not synonyms and do not even take place in parallel, but relate to each other in a complex fashion. The present work is a field research, a comparative and descriptive study focusing both on qualitative and quantitative approaches. It is accomplished by means of observations, semi-structured interviews, literature review and documental analysis in selected children’s schools. Educational professionals and the children’s parents are the participants of this research, adding up to 146 interviewed people and 56 observed people on both contexts. The results show that, in both Brazilian and Spanish contexts (each having its own peculiarities), there are difficulties to establish a teaching system capable of catering to the learning needs of the pupil’s diversity and to provide quality education for all, specially for children with different learning potentials. Some similarities and differences have been revealed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação de crianças, Educação inclusiva, Aprendizagem, Abordagem histórico cultural, Atuação de profissionais, Relação familia - escola, Estudo comparativo, Inclusive child education, Learning development, Historical-cultural approach, Professional performance, Family-school relationship, Comparative study
Como citar
MIRANDA, Maria de Jesus Cano. Educação infantil: percepção de profissionais e familiares sobre inclusão, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da criança com deficiência, em Maringá/BR e em Guadalajara/ES. 2011. 477 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2011.