Vigilância nutricional em idosos: proposta para cuidadores sem específica
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Data
2010-06-23
Autores
Pacheco, Lilian Fernanda Galesi [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A desnutrição em idosos é um problema preocupante, sendo afetada por diversos fatores relacionados ao baixo consumo alimentar comumente presentes no envelhecimento. A vigilância do estado nutricional deve ser realizada continuamente, baseada em um instrumento simples que supra a dificuldade da avaliação nutricional no idoso e que considere os diferentes tipos de variáveis que influenciam a nutrição dessa população. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi elaborar um instrumento de rastreamento nutricional para uso de cuidadores sem formação específica, com aplicabilidade nos serviços de atenção aos idosos tomando como referência instrumentos e procedimentos relacionados à depressão, à integridade bucal, à autonomia para realizar as atividades de vida diária, à demência e ao consumo alimentar de idosos institucionalizados. Na primeira etapa do trabalho, por meio do teste do qui-quadrado ou análise de variância, adotando-se o nível de significância de 5%, foi avaliada a associação das escalas de rastreamento de depressão, de demência, das atividades de vida diária, análises bucais e de consumo alimentar com o estado nutricional de 150 idosos. O estado nutricional foi classificado a partir de indicadores antropométricos e bioquímicos. A partir desta associação foram estabelecidas as questões do instrumento que em segunda etapa do trabalho, passou pela validação de face, validação de conteúdo, estudo da confiabilidade e validação de critério a partir de informações obtidas na participação de 124 cuidadores e 100 idosos. Para a realização desta houve a participação dos cuidadores, de especialistas na área de Nutrição, Língua Portuguesa, Educação e Comunicação. Antes de definir as características psicométricas do instrumento, ainda é preciso realizar a análise fatorial. Os dados não definitivos apontam para a proposição do instrumento...
Malnutrition in the elderly is a worrisome problem. It is affected by many age-related factors associated with low food intake. Surveillance of nutritional status should be done continually based on a simple instrument that takes into consideration the difficulty of making nutritional assessments in the elderly and the different types of variables that influence nutrition in this population. The objective of the present study was to develop a nutritional screening instrument to be used by laypersons who care for elderly individuals and that can be used in services that provide care for the elderly, using as reference instruments and procedures that are related with depression, oral integrity, autonomy to carry out activities of daily living, dementia and food intake of institutionalized elderly. In the first stage of the work, the chi-square test or analysis of variance was used to assess the association between the nutritional status of 150 elderly individuals and the scales that screen for depression, dementia, activities of daily living, oral status and food intake. The significance level was set at 5%. Nutritional status was based on anthropometric and biochemical indicators. Based on this association, the questions of an instrument were established and in the second stage of the work this instrument was subjected to face validity, content validity, reliability study and criterion validity based on the information provided by 124 caregivers and 100 elderly individuals. Caregivers, dieticians and specialists in the Portuguese language education and communication participated in this stage. Before the psychometric characteristics of the instrument were defined, the factorial analysis had to be made. The temporary data indicate that the instrument has reproducibility (kappa of the questions ranging from 0.6 to 1.0) and appropriate internal consistency (KR20 of the instrument equal to 0.82)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Malnutrition in the elderly is a worrisome problem. It is affected by many age-related factors associated with low food intake. Surveillance of nutritional status should be done continually based on a simple instrument that takes into consideration the difficulty of making nutritional assessments in the elderly and the different types of variables that influence nutrition in this population. The objective of the present study was to develop a nutritional screening instrument to be used by laypersons who care for elderly individuals and that can be used in services that provide care for the elderly, using as reference instruments and procedures that are related with depression, oral integrity, autonomy to carry out activities of daily living, dementia and food intake of institutionalized elderly. In the first stage of the work, the chi-square test or analysis of variance was used to assess the association between the nutritional status of 150 elderly individuals and the scales that screen for depression, dementia, activities of daily living, oral status and food intake. The significance level was set at 5%. Nutritional status was based on anthropometric and biochemical indicators. Based on this association, the questions of an instrument were established and in the second stage of the work this instrument was subjected to face validity, content validity, reliability study and criterion validity based on the information provided by 124 caregivers and 100 elderly individuals. Caregivers, dieticians and specialists in the Portuguese language education and communication participated in this stage. Before the psychometric characteristics of the instrument were defined, the factorial analysis had to be made. The temporary data indicate that the instrument has reproducibility (kappa of the questions ranging from 0.6 to 1.0) and appropriate internal consistency (KR20 of the instrument equal to 0.82)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Idosos, Nutrição - Avaliação, Desnutrição nos idosos, Nutritional surveillance, Elderly health
Como citar
PACHECO, Lilian Fernanda Galesi. Vigilância nutricional em idosos: proposta para cuidadores sem específica. 2010. 104 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2010.