Avaliação de fontes protéicas e de tratamentos industriais da farinha de carne e ossos para cães e gatos
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Data
2009-02-19
Autores
Oliveira, Luciana Domingues de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente tese é composta por 3 ensaios experimentais. No primeiro avaliou-se o efeito do tratamento de esterilização (135ºC e 3 bar por 20 min), seguido ou não de extrusão, da farinha de carne e ossos (FCO) sobre a energia metabolizável (EM) e os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) dos nutrientes para cães e gatos e sobre a digestibilidade verdadeira de aminoácidos para galos cecectomizados de dietas contendo esses ingredientes. No segundo ensaio avaliou-se a EM, os nutrientes digestíveis e a qualidade fecal da farinha de vísceras de frango (FVF), farelo de glúten de milho 60% (GM), soja micronizada (SM), farelo de soja (FS) e FCO em gatos. No terceiro ensaio avaliou-se a EM, os nutrientes digestíveis e a qualidade fecal da FVF, FS, SM e GM em cães. No primeiro ensaio verificou-se que a esterilização aumenta o valor nutricional da FCO para cães, gatos e galos, e que o processo de extrusão não altera a digestibilidade dos nutrientes das dietas para cães e galos, mas eleva a digestibilidade da proteína da dieta para gatos. Além disso, os gatos se mostraram mais sensíveis que os cães às diferenças de tratamentos industriais da FCO. No segundo ensaio verificou-se que o GM, FVF e SM são os ingredientes com maiores CDA dos nutrientes e EM pelos gatos. A FCO e FS reduzem a digestibilidade da MS da dieta e aumentaram o volume fecal produzido. No terceiro ensaio verificou-se que GM e SM são os ingredientes com maiores CDA dos nutrientes e EM pelos cães. O FS e FVF apresentam aproveitamento intermediário, entretanto comparáveis entre si, podendo sua inclusão ocasionar aumento da produção de fezes.
This thesis is composed by 3 experiments. The first one aimed to evaluate a stronger manufacturing process system (135ºC, 3 bar, 20 min) of meat and bone meal (MBM) than usual process, followed or not to extrusion process, on metabolizable energy (ME) and apparent digestibility (AD) of nutrients for dogs and cats, and on true digestibility of amino acids for cecectomized roosters of diets contained these ingredients. In the second trial were evaluated the ME, digestible nutrients and fecal quality of poultry by-products meal (PPM), corn gluten meal (CGM), micronized soybean (MS), soybean meal (SM), and MBM for cats. In the third trial were evaluated the ME, digestible nutrients and fecal quality of PPM, CGM, MS, and SM for dogs. In the first experiment was verified that strongest process of MBM increased their nutritional value to dogs, cats and roosters. The association with extrusion process of MBM not changed the digestibility of nutrients for dogs and roosters, however, increased the protein digestibility for cats. Moreover, cats were more sensitive to changes in manufacturing process of MBM than dogs. In the second experiment CGM, PPM, and MS were the ingredients that presented the highest AD of nutrients and ME in cats. MBM and SM decreased the diet digestibility of dry matter and increased the fecal output. In the third experiment CGM and MS were the ingredients that propitiated highest AD of nutrients and ME in dogs. For SM and PPM intermediate and comparable values were observed, but their inclusion may increase fecal output.
This thesis is composed by 3 experiments. The first one aimed to evaluate a stronger manufacturing process system (135ºC, 3 bar, 20 min) of meat and bone meal (MBM) than usual process, followed or not to extrusion process, on metabolizable energy (ME) and apparent digestibility (AD) of nutrients for dogs and cats, and on true digestibility of amino acids for cecectomized roosters of diets contained these ingredients. In the second trial were evaluated the ME, digestible nutrients and fecal quality of poultry by-products meal (PPM), corn gluten meal (CGM), micronized soybean (MS), soybean meal (SM), and MBM for cats. In the third trial were evaluated the ME, digestible nutrients and fecal quality of PPM, CGM, MS, and SM for dogs. In the first experiment was verified that strongest process of MBM increased their nutritional value to dogs, cats and roosters. The association with extrusion process of MBM not changed the digestibility of nutrients for dogs and roosters, however, increased the protein digestibility for cats. Moreover, cats were more sensitive to changes in manufacturing process of MBM than dogs. In the second experiment CGM, PPM, and MS were the ingredients that presented the highest AD of nutrients and ME in cats. MBM and SM decreased the diet digestibility of dry matter and increased the fecal output. In the third experiment CGM and MS were the ingredients that propitiated highest AD of nutrients and ME in dogs. For SM and PPM intermediate and comparable values were observed, but their inclusion may increase fecal output.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Nutrição animal, Processo de extrusão, Proteínas, Digestibilidade, Ingredientes, Digestibility, extrusion, Ingredients, Nutrition, Process, Protein
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Luciana Domingues de. Avaliação de fontes protéicas e de tratamentos industriais da farinha de carne e ossos para cães e gatos. 2009. vi, 100 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.