Avaliação de desempenho de fibras lignocelulósicas na sorção de óleos diesel e biodiesel
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Data
2010-11-26
Autores
Oliveira, Adriana Ferla de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Acidentes envolvendo derramamento de óleo e seus derivados no solo e em corpos hídricos são comuns e preocupantes, uma vez que comprometem a qualidade do ecossistema. Uma forma econômica e eficiente de combater derramamentos de óleo é o emprego do método de sorção utilizando materiais sorventes. Existe uma gama de materiais sorventes, no entanto, os naturais como biomassa e fibras vegetais demonstram interesse pelo baixo custo e boa capacidade sorvente. Existem trabalhos acerca da sorção de óleo cru, no entanto para diesel e biodiesel, que vem aumentado sua produção, pouco ou nada existe na literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a capacidade sorvente das fibras vegetais coco (Cocos nucifera) e curauá (Ananas erictifolius), paina (Ceiba speciosa) e das macrófitas aquáticas, taboa (Typha domingensis) e o aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes) frente aos combustíveis, diesel e biodiesel e compará-las com a turfa utilizada comercialmente. Os biosorventes também foram submetidos à caracterização físico-química e energética. As amostras foram moídas e classificadas com exceção da paina. Grande parte dos testes foi realizada nas faixas granulométricas de ≤180 μm; 180-425 μm; 425-850 μm e 850-3350 μm. Os testes de sorção com diesel e biodiesel foram conduzidos primeiramente em sistema seco e os biosorventes com melhor desempenho, submetidos a ensaios de sorção com água, sistema estático e dinâmico. A porcentagem de água que pode ser sorvida juntamente com óleo e a flutuabilidade também foram investigadas para avaliar a viabilidade destes biosorventes em corpos hídricos. Cada material vegetal possui características físico-químicas e anatômicas distintas, que influenciam na sorção de óleo, seja por absorção ou adsorção. Os biosorventes investigados apresentaram capacidade de sorção de diesel e biodiesel semelhante ou superior ao sorvente...
Accidents involving oil spills and its derivatives on the soil and in hidric bodies they are common and worrying once they endanger the quality of the ecosystem. An economical and efficient way of combating oil spills is the use of the sorption method using sorbents materials. There is a range of sorbents materials, however, the natural ones like biomass and vegetable fibers demonstrate interest due to the low cost and good sorbent capacity. There are works concerning the sorption of crude oil, however for diesel and biodiesel, which had their production increased, there is a little or even nothing exists in the literature. The aim of this work was investigate the sorption capacity of coir vegetable fibers (Cocos nucifera) and curauá (Ananas erictifolius), silk floss (Ceiba speciosa) and the aquatic macrophite cattail (Typha domingensis) and the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) confronting to the fuels, diesel and biodiesel and to compare them with the peat commercially used. The biosorventes were also submitted to the physiochemical and energy characterization. The samples were grinded and classified except for the paina. Most of the tests were performed on the granulometric size range of ≤180 μm; 180-425 μm; 425-850 μm e 850-3350 μm. The sorption tests with diesel and biodiesel were first conducted in dry system and the biosorbents with had shown the best performance were submitted to tests of sorption with freshwater, static and dynamic system. The percentage of water that can be sipped together with oil and the buoyancy were also investigated to evaluate the viability of these biosorbents in hidric bodies. Each vegetable materials has different physiochemical and anatomical characteristics that influence in the oil sorption, whether by absorption or adsorption. The investigated biosorventes presented capacity of diesel and biodiesel sorption similar or higher... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Accidents involving oil spills and its derivatives on the soil and in hidric bodies they are common and worrying once they endanger the quality of the ecosystem. An economical and efficient way of combating oil spills is the use of the sorption method using sorbents materials. There is a range of sorbents materials, however, the natural ones like biomass and vegetable fibers demonstrate interest due to the low cost and good sorbent capacity. There are works concerning the sorption of crude oil, however for diesel and biodiesel, which had their production increased, there is a little or even nothing exists in the literature. The aim of this work was investigate the sorption capacity of coir vegetable fibers (Cocos nucifera) and curauá (Ananas erictifolius), silk floss (Ceiba speciosa) and the aquatic macrophite cattail (Typha domingensis) and the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) confronting to the fuels, diesel and biodiesel and to compare them with the peat commercially used. The biosorventes were also submitted to the physiochemical and energy characterization. The samples were grinded and classified except for the paina. Most of the tests were performed on the granulometric size range of ≤180 μm; 180-425 μm; 425-850 μm e 850-3350 μm. The sorption tests with diesel and biodiesel were first conducted in dry system and the biosorbents with had shown the best performance were submitted to tests of sorption with freshwater, static and dynamic system. The percentage of water that can be sipped together with oil and the buoyancy were also investigated to evaluate the viability of these biosorbents in hidric bodies. Each vegetable materials has different physiochemical and anatomical characteristics that influence in the oil sorption, whether by absorption or adsorption. The investigated biosorventes presented capacity of diesel and biodiesel sorption similar or higher... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biodiesel, Fibras, Fibras vegetais, Macrófitas, Sorption, Diesel, Biodiesel, Vegetable fibers, Aquatic plants
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Adriana Ferla de. Avaliação de desempenho de fibras lignocelulósicas na sorção de óleos diesel e biodiesel. 2010. xviii, 98 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2010.