Análise energética da produção, carregamento e transporte do lodo de esgoto
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Data
2010-06-07
Autores
Quintana, Núria Rosa Gagliardi [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o fluxo de energia no tratamento de esgoto e de lodo de esgoto na ETE de Franca. Para tanto, levantaram-se os dados de todo maquinário utilizado na Estação, tais como: quantidade, potência, vida útil, peso das máquinas, consumo de graxa e/ou lubrificantes e mão de obra empregada. O consumo de energia elétrica na Estação foi calculado para cada máquina separadamente. Com isso, calculou-se a participação energética, por fonte, forma e total, de todos os setores de tratamento. Por meio dos resultados, observou-se que tanto o tratamento de esgoto como o tratamento de lodo utilizam expressivamente energia industrial na forma de eletricidade, o que parece vantajoso, visto que essa é uma fonte renovável de energia. Para o cálculo do fluxo de energia no carregamento e transporte do lodo, obtiveram-se os dados de vida útil, peso, consumo de graxa e/ou lubrificantes da retroescavadeira e do caminhão, e mão de obra empregada nessas atividades. Ao contrário do observado nos tratamentos de esgoto e lodo, essas atividades usam principalmente energia fóssil na forma de óleo diesel. Além disso, com a quantidade de N, P e K contidas no lodo de esgoto foi possível calcular a energia e o preço dos fertilizantes contidos em uma tonelada do material. De acordo com os resultados, uma tonelada de lodo de esgoto produzida em Franca contém 5.081,53 MJ de energia e R$102,47 de fertilizantes químicos. Portanto, um caminhão com capacidade de carga de 16 toneladas transporta 81.304,62 MJ de energia e R$1.639,55 de fertilizante, o que justifica a distribuição desse material no raio de 25 km, que é a distância média entre a ETE e os potenciais locais de aplicação do material. Por fim, calculou-se o balanço e a eficiência energética de todas as atividades estudadas, de forma que os resultados apontaram serem todas, energeticamente sustentáveis
This study assessed the energy flux on the processing of sewage and sewage sludge in the Sludge Treatment Station of Franca City, São Paulo State, Brazil. For this, data concerning ETE machinery was quantified, such as: quantity, potency, life spam and weight, as well as, mineral greases and/or lubricants consumption and the used workforce. Based on this, energy expenditure was calculated, regarding energy source and type and the total expenditure of all parties involved in sewage processing. These results allowed to conclude that either sewage or sewage sludge processing have a high demand of industrial energy in the form of electricity, what is advantageous, since it is a renewable energy source. For the energy flux calculations during loading and transportation, data of life spam, weight, the consumption of lorries and backhoes mineral greases and lubricants and the used workforce was considered. On the contrary, during sewage sludge processing activities, fossil energy in the form of diesel oil was the main utilized. Moreover, considering the amount of N, P and K in the sludge, the energy and price of fertilizers could be calculated in 1 ton of sewage sludge. Accordingly to calculations, a ton of sewage sludge produced on Franca’s ETE has 5,081.53 MJ of energy and R$102.47 of chemical fertilizers. Thus, a lorry of 16-ton storage capacity transports 81,304.62 MJ of energy and R$1,639.55 of fertilizers, justifying the distribution of the sewage sludge on 25-km ray distance, what is a viable distance, because it is the mean distance between Franca’s ETE and the farms that potentially could use this material. Finally, the balance and energetic efficiency of all activities approached in this study could be calculated, indicating energetic sustainability of those
This study assessed the energy flux on the processing of sewage and sewage sludge in the Sludge Treatment Station of Franca City, São Paulo State, Brazil. For this, data concerning ETE machinery was quantified, such as: quantity, potency, life spam and weight, as well as, mineral greases and/or lubricants consumption and the used workforce. Based on this, energy expenditure was calculated, regarding energy source and type and the total expenditure of all parties involved in sewage processing. These results allowed to conclude that either sewage or sewage sludge processing have a high demand of industrial energy in the form of electricity, what is advantageous, since it is a renewable energy source. For the energy flux calculations during loading and transportation, data of life spam, weight, the consumption of lorries and backhoes mineral greases and lubricants and the used workforce was considered. On the contrary, during sewage sludge processing activities, fossil energy in the form of diesel oil was the main utilized. Moreover, considering the amount of N, P and K in the sludge, the energy and price of fertilizers could be calculated in 1 ton of sewage sludge. Accordingly to calculations, a ton of sewage sludge produced on Franca’s ETE has 5,081.53 MJ of energy and R$102.47 of chemical fertilizers. Thus, a lorry of 16-ton storage capacity transports 81,304.62 MJ of energy and R$1,639.55 of fertilizers, justifying the distribution of the sewage sludge on 25-km ray distance, what is a viable distance, because it is the mean distance between Franca’s ETE and the farms that potentially could use this material. Finally, the balance and energetic efficiency of all activities approached in this study could be calculated, indicating energetic sustainability of those
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lodo de esgoto, Metais pesados, Esgoto - tratamento, Biossolidos, Balanço energético, Sludge treatment, Biosolid, Energetic balance, Transport cost
Como citar
QUINTANA, Núria Rosa Gagliardi. Análise energética da produção, carregamento e transporte do lodo de esgoto. 2010. xii, 58 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2010.