Caracterização dos dejetos de novilhos superprecoces: reciclagem energética e de nutrientes
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Data
2005-10-31
Autores
Costa, Mônica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de caracterizar quantitativa e qualitativamente os dejetos produzidos em um sistema de confinamento para criação de novilhos superprecoces e avaliar o desempenho de processos biológicos de reciclagem de nutrientes: compostagem, vermicompostagem e biodigestão anaeróbia, conduziu-se esta pesquisa. O trabalho foi dividido em quatro ensaios: caracterização dos dejetos, compostagem, vermicompostagem e biodigestão anaeróbia. O ensaio de caracterização dos dejetos teve como objetivo principal determinar o coeficiente de resíduo para o período de confinamento. Nos ensaios de compostagem e vermicompostagem objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho dos processos utilizando-se dejetos produzidos por animais que receberam três dietas (dieta 1: 65% concentrado + 35% volumoso; dieta 2: 70% concentrado + 30% volumoso e dieta 3:75% concentrado + 25% volumoso), oferecidas aos animais durante o período de engorda. No ensaio de biodigestão anaeróbia, foram avaliados os efeitos de duas dietas (dieta 1: 65% concentrado + 35% volumoso e dieta 2: 80% concentrado + 20% volumoso), uso de inóculo e três níveis de temperatura (40º C, 35º C e 25º C) sobre a produção de biogás. O coeficiente de resíduo encontrado, considerando todo o período de engorda, foi de 3,03, ou seja, para cada quilo de animal produzido, gerou-se 3,03 kg de dejeto (matéria seca). Considerando todo o período de confinamento, 154 dias, cada animal gerou 515,4 kg de dejeto (matéria seca) ou 2577 kg (fezes + urina), os quais em termos de nutrientes produzidos por animal representam 12,4 kg de N; 8,8 kg de P2O5; 6,7 kg de K2O; 397,0 kg de MO; 219,6 kg de C; 13,9 kg de Ca; 2,6 kg de Mg; 1,6 kg de S; 2,2 kg de Na; 0,05 kg de Cu; 1,0 kg de Fe; 0,06 kg de Mn; 0,11 kg de Zn. Os valores dos componentes da análise bromatológica dos dejetos foram 14% de PB; 20,7% de FB; 2,2% de EE; 51,9% de FDN; 33,3% de FDA;...
The present study aimed to quantify wastes produced in a confined system for steers breeding and to evaluate the performance of biological process such as nutrient recycling, composting, vermicomposting and anaerobic biodigestion. Four trials were performed: wastes characterization, composting, vermicomposting and anaerobic biodigestion. The waste characterization trial aimed to determine the residual coefficient while animals were confined. The composting and vermicomposting trials were conducted in order to evaluate the process performance by using wastes products from animal fed three differents diets (diet 1: 65% concentrated + 35% voluminous ; diet 2: 70% concentrated + 30% voluminous; diet 3: 75% concentrated + 25% voluminous). The effect of two different diets (diet 1: 65% concentrated + 35% voluminous and diet 2: 80% concetrated + 20% voluminous), inoculum and three temperatures rates (40º C, 35º C e 25º C) influence all over biogas production were evaluated during the biodigestion trial. The residue coefficient found during all confined period was 3.03, whereas, to produce one kilogram body weight, 3.03 kg of waste (dry matter) was produced. During all confined period (154 days), each animal produced 515.4 kg of waste (dry matter) or 2577 kg (feces + urine), wich represents in terms of nutrients produced per animal a total of: 12.4 kg of N; 8.8 kg of P2O5 ; 6.7 kg of K2O ; 397.0 kg of OM ; 219.6 kg of C; 13.9 kg of Ca; 2.6 kg of Mg; 1.6 kg of S; 2.2 kg of Na; 0.05 kg of Cu; 1.0 kg of Fe; 0.06 kg of Mn; 0.11 kg of Zn. Bromatological analysis values of waste were: 14% of PB; 20,7% of FB; 2,2% of EE; 51,9% of FDN; 33,3% of FDA; 48,2% of ENN e 63,16% of NDT. Percentage of dry matter redution during composting trial were: 44.5%; 40.5% and 43.8% for waste produced by animals that received diets 1, 2 and 3, respectively...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The present study aimed to quantify wastes produced in a confined system for steers breeding and to evaluate the performance of biological process such as nutrient recycling, composting, vermicomposting and anaerobic biodigestion. Four trials were performed: wastes characterization, composting, vermicomposting and anaerobic biodigestion. The waste characterization trial aimed to determine the residual coefficient while animals were confined. The composting and vermicomposting trials were conducted in order to evaluate the process performance by using wastes products from animal fed three differents diets (diet 1: 65% concentrated + 35% voluminous ; diet 2: 70% concentrated + 30% voluminous; diet 3: 75% concentrated + 25% voluminous). The effect of two different diets (diet 1: 65% concentrated + 35% voluminous and diet 2: 80% concetrated + 20% voluminous), inoculum and three temperatures rates (40º C, 35º C e 25º C) influence all over biogas production were evaluated during the biodigestion trial. The residue coefficient found during all confined period was 3.03, whereas, to produce one kilogram body weight, 3.03 kg of waste (dry matter) was produced. During all confined period (154 days), each animal produced 515.4 kg of waste (dry matter) or 2577 kg (feces + urine), wich represents in terms of nutrients produced per animal a total of: 12.4 kg of N; 8.8 kg of P2O5 ; 6.7 kg of K2O ; 397.0 kg of OM ; 219.6 kg of C; 13.9 kg of Ca; 2.6 kg of Mg; 1.6 kg of S; 2.2 kg of Na; 0.05 kg of Cu; 1.0 kg of Fe; 0.06 kg of Mn; 0.11 kg of Zn. Bromatological analysis values of waste were: 14% of PB; 20,7% of FB; 2,2% of EE; 51,9% of FDN; 33,3% of FDA; 48,2% of ENN e 63,16% of NDT. Percentage of dry matter redution during composting trial were: 44.5%; 40.5% and 43.8% for waste produced by animals that received diets 1, 2 and 3, respectively...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Residuos de animais, Digestão anaeróbica, Adubos compostos, Vermicompostagem, Coeficiente de resíduo, Biodigestão anaeróbia, Residue coefficient, Composting, Vermicomposting, Anaerobic digestion
Como citar
COSTA, Mônica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça. Caracterização dos dejetos de novilhos superprecoces: reciclagem energética e de nutrientes. 2005. xvi, 126 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2005.