Estudo da biodegradação das fibras de coco e de sisal visando às aplicações na indústria automotiva
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Data
2005-04-13
Autores
Salazar, Vera Lúcia Pimentel [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho são discutidos os resultados referentes aos ensaios de biodegradabilidade de fibras naturais utilizadas pela indústria auotomobilística: fibra de coco, de coco com látex e e sisal. Estes ensaios foram realizados junto ao Laboratório de Microbiologia Industrial do Agrupamento de Biotecnologia da Divisão Química do Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo. Apresenta-se uma revisão de literatura sobre biodegradabilidade e sobre as fibras em estudo. Realizou-se a análise elementar de CHN, a qual é um pré-requisito para o Teste da Biodegradabilidade Imediata pela Medida do Dióxido de Carbono Desprendido em Sistema Aberto (norma IBAMA - E.1.1.2. - 1998). Utilizou-se também a norma DIN 53739 (1984) - Testing of Plastics - Influence of dungi and bacteria - visual evaluation - change in mass or physical properties, baseada na ISO 846 - 1978. Fez-se a determinação de extrativos totais, de lignina, de holocelulose e do teor de cinzas das fibras em estudo para se conhecer o teor ral de lignina, celulose e hemicelulose presentes e, compreender os resultados obtidos nos testes de biodegradação. A partir do teste de biodegradabilidade (IBAMA E.1.1.2.-1998), observou-se uma taxa de biodegradação de cerca de 10% para todos os materiais em estudo após 45 dias de ensaio, demonstrando difícil degradação. Nenhum material inibiu a degradação da glicose. No entanto, a porcentagem de degradação da fibra de sisal foi superior a da fibra de coco com látex, conseiderando-se o mesmo intervalo de tempo de cultivo. Quanto a esse teste, pode-se concluir que 45 dias de ensaio é pouco tempo para a biodegradação dessas fibras naturais levando-se em consideração os teores de lignina, celulose e hemicelulose encontrados por Young (1997) para a fibra de sisal e por Han e Rowell (1997) para a fibra de coco. E, analisando-se os teores de lignina, celulose...
Presented in this study are the testing results regarding the biodegradation of natural fibres utilized by automotive industry, in this case, coir and sisal fibers, where the coir fiber was used also as rubberized mat. These biodegradation testing where carried on at th Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology by the Biotechnology Group of the Chemistry Division of the Institute of Technological Research of São paulo State - IPT. Next is presented a literatura review on biodegradation and over the studied fibers, coir and sisal, besides all the details about the testing used evaluate biodegradation and its respectively obtained results. An elementary analysis of CHN was carried out, which is a prerequisite for the Immediate Biodegradation Test of the Mesaure of the Carbon Dioxide Released in Open System (standard IBAMA - E.1.1.2. - 1998). Alson used was the standard DIN 53739 - 1984 - Testing of Plastics - influence of fungi and bacteria - visual evaluation - change in mass or physical properties, established in the ISO 846 - 1978. Also was realized the determination of total extractives, lignin, holocellulose and ash contents of the studied fibers as well as the determination of it's true content and understand the obtained biodegradation testing results. There was hence observed from the biodegradation test (standard E.1.1.2.-1998) a biodegradation tax about 10% for all the studied material after 45 days of assay, which indicates a difficult degradation. None of the material inhibited the glucose degradation. However, the percentage of sisal degradation was greater than that of the coir fiber with latex. It can be concluded about this test, that a 456 day trial is a short lapse of time for the biodegradation of these natural fibers when the contents of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose that were found by Young (1997) for the sisal fiber and by Han and Rowell... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Presented in this study are the testing results regarding the biodegradation of natural fibres utilized by automotive industry, in this case, coir and sisal fibers, where the coir fiber was used also as rubberized mat. These biodegradation testing where carried on at th Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology by the Biotechnology Group of the Chemistry Division of the Institute of Technological Research of São paulo State - IPT. Next is presented a literatura review on biodegradation and over the studied fibers, coir and sisal, besides all the details about the testing used evaluate biodegradation and its respectively obtained results. An elementary analysis of CHN was carried out, which is a prerequisite for the Immediate Biodegradation Test of the Mesaure of the Carbon Dioxide Released in Open System (standard IBAMA - E.1.1.2. - 1998). Alson used was the standard DIN 53739 - 1984 - Testing of Plastics - influence of fungi and bacteria - visual evaluation - change in mass or physical properties, established in the ISO 846 - 1978. Also was realized the determination of total extractives, lignin, holocellulose and ash contents of the studied fibers as well as the determination of it's true content and understand the obtained biodegradation testing results. There was hence observed from the biodegradation test (standard E.1.1.2.-1998) a biodegradation tax about 10% for all the studied material after 45 days of assay, which indicates a difficult degradation. None of the material inhibited the glucose degradation. However, the percentage of sisal degradation was greater than that of the coir fiber with latex. It can be concluded about this test, that a 456 day trial is a short lapse of time for the biodegradation of these natural fibers when the contents of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose that were found by Young (1997) for the sisal fiber and by Han and Rowell... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biodegradação, Coco - Produtos, Sisal, Fibras, Compositos polimericos, Biodegradation, Coir, Composites, Lignocellulosic fibers
Como citar
SALAZAR, Vera Lúcia Pimentel. Estudo da biodegradação das fibras de coco e de sisal visando às aplicações na indústria automotiva. 2005. xvii, 146 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2005.