Análise dos riscos físicos e ergonômicos em roçadora transversal motorizada
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Data
2013-08-16
Autores
Poletto Filho, José Antonio [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No Brasil os números de acidentes no trabalho apresentaram uma redução de aproximadamente 7% entre os anos de 2008 e 2010, contudo, ainda são altos. Segundo Anuário Estatístico de Acidentes do Trabalho do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (2011) os números de acidentes de trabalho em 2006 foram 512.232, em 2007, 653.090, em 2008 755 mil, em 2009 733 mil e em 2010 um total de 701 mil, representando uma queda de aproximadamente 7 % no período. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar os principais agentes geradores de lesões presentes na atividade dos operadores de roçadora transversal motorizada, que pode gerar sobrecargas físicas e mentais a estes operários. Os dados coletados a partir da percepção de uma amostra de quarenta e cinco trabalhadores na operação com este equipamento, que é cada vez mais utilizado nas operações de limpeza no meio rural e urbano, mostram riscos ao trabalhador em relação ao equipamento – calor, ruído e vibração –,às condições ambientais – trabalho a céu aberto – e à ergonomia – dores musculares. O trabalho em tela foi realizado na Rodovia Comandante João Ribeiro de Barros, em trecho de aproximadamente 100 quilômetros de extensão, entre os municípios de Bauru e Marília, na região oeste do Estado de São Paulo. Com relação aos resultados encontrados, o ruído ultrapassa 115 dB(A), vibração 4,0 m/s2 e estresse térmico de 29,9 0C. As avaliações ergonômicas também demonstraram que a atividade causa lesão aos trabalhadores. Diante disso, verificou-se a necessidade de serem propostas melhorias no equipamento e nas condições de trabalho.Para solucionar os altos níveis de ruído foi proposta a instalação de um silencioso na descarga dos gases gerados na combustão, fazendo com que o nível de ruído produzido pelo equipamento fosse reduzido, sendo assim, o protótipo aqui proposto reduziria...
In Brazil the numbers of accidents at work showed a reduction of about 7% between 2008 and 2010, still is high. According to Statistical Yearbook of industrial accidents of the Ministry of labor and employment (2011) the number of occupational accidents in 2006 were 512,232, in 2007, 653,090, 755 thousand were 2008, 2009 was seven hundred and thirty-three thousand and 2010 a total of seven hundred and one thousand, representing a decrease of approximately 7% over the period. The present work aimed to study the main generators of agents present in the lesions of motorized cross brush cutter operators that can generate physical and mental overloads to these workers. The data collected from the perception of a sample of 45 workers in operation with this equipment that is increasingly used in cleaning operations in urban and rural areas, show risks to workers in relation to equipment: heat, noise and vibration, in relation to environmental conditions: open-air and ergonomic work: muscle aches. The work was carried out in the screen Commander João Ribeiro de Barros Highway, approximately one hundred kilometers, between the municipalities of Bauru and Marília, in the Western region of the State of São Paulo in Brazil. With respect to results, the noise exceeds 115 dB (A) vibration and 4.0 m/s2. The ergonomic evaluations also demonstrated that the activity cause injury to employees. Given that, the need to propose improvements in the equipment and working conditions. To address the high levels of noise was proposed to install a silencer on the discharge of gases generated in combustion, thus causing the noise level produced by the equipment should be reduced, therefore the prototype proposed here would reduce the noise at approximately 107 dB (A). The vibration issue, for being an agent more complex,...
In Brazil the numbers of accidents at work showed a reduction of about 7% between 2008 and 2010, still is high. According to Statistical Yearbook of industrial accidents of the Ministry of labor and employment (2011) the number of occupational accidents in 2006 were 512,232, in 2007, 653,090, 755 thousand were 2008, 2009 was seven hundred and thirty-three thousand and 2010 a total of seven hundred and one thousand, representing a decrease of approximately 7% over the period. The present work aimed to study the main generators of agents present in the lesions of motorized cross brush cutter operators that can generate physical and mental overloads to these workers. The data collected from the perception of a sample of 45 workers in operation with this equipment that is increasingly used in cleaning operations in urban and rural areas, show risks to workers in relation to equipment: heat, noise and vibration, in relation to environmental conditions: open-air and ergonomic work: muscle aches. The work was carried out in the screen Commander João Ribeiro de Barros Highway, approximately one hundred kilometers, between the municipalities of Bauru and Marília, in the Western region of the State of São Paulo in Brazil. With respect to results, the noise exceeds 115 dB (A) vibration and 4.0 m/s2. The ergonomic evaluations also demonstrated that the activity cause injury to employees. Given that, the need to propose improvements in the equipment and working conditions. To address the high levels of noise was proposed to install a silencer on the discharge of gases generated in combustion, thus causing the noise level produced by the equipment should be reduced, therefore the prototype proposed here would reduce the noise at approximately 107 dB (A). The vibration issue, for being an agent more complex,...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ergonomia, Ruido - Analise, Máquinas agrícolas - Vibração, Noise
Como citar
POLETTO FILHO, José Antonio. Análise dos riscos físicos e ergonômicos em roçadora transversal motorizada. 2013. xii, 148f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho” , Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.