Infestação de Spodoptera frugiperda e Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em híbridos comerciais de milho (Zea mays L.)
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Data
2012-02-28
Autores
Nais, Juliana [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O milho é uma das plantas domesticadas pelo homem mais antigas do mundo e sua produção se torna ameaçada diante do ataque de pragas. Dentre elas destacam-se a lagarta-do-cartucho Spodoptera frugiperda e a lagarta-da-espiga Helicoverpa zea. A S. frugiperda ataca preferencialmente o cartucho das plantas consumindo grande parte da área foliar antes de as folhas se desenvolverem. A H. zea é referida prejudicando a cultura atacando os estilo-estigmas e alimentando-se dos grãos leitosos. Para promover o manejo dessas pragas com a mínima utilização de agrotóxicos, a tecnologia das plantas geneticamente modificadas tem sido objeto de estudos. Neste trabalho, os objetivos foram avaliar a infestação de lagartas e injúrias de S. frugiperda e determinar o comportamento de oviposição, intensidade de infestação, danos nos estilo-estigmas e espigas provocados por H. zea em condições de campo, em híbridos convencionais e transgênicos. Os híbridos foram semeados na safrinha de 2010 e na safra de 2010/2011, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com sete tratamentos (híbridos) e quatro repetições. Diferentes níveis de infestação ocorreram durante os experimentos nos híbridos Bt e não Bt. O híbrido 2B710HX foi o menos infestado com lagartas de S. frugiperda e o menos danificado, o que se conclui que a expressão da toxina Cry1F foi a mais efetiva na proteção da planta, independente da época de semeadura. Os híbridos que expressam a toxina Cry1Ab e Cry1F foram os mais efetivos no controle da H. zea em Jaboticabal, independente da época de semeadura. Em Pindorama, SP, a toxina Cry1F apresentaram bons resultados contra a infestação de lagartas
The maize is a plant domesticated by humans world’s oldest and your production becomes threatened before the attack of pests. Among the pest that attack maize stand out the fall armyworn Spodoptera frugiperda and the bollworm Helicoverpa zea. S. frugiperda attacks preferably the maize plants consuming much of the leaf area before the leaves develop. H. zea hurting the culture attacking style-stigma and destroying the mand. In order to promote the management of these pests with minimal use of pesticides, the technology of genetically modified plants has been the subject of many studies. In this paper, the objective was to evaluate the infestation and injuries of S. frugiperda and determine the oviposition behavior, intensity of infestation, damage to the style-stigma and in ear caused by H. zea in field conditions in conventional and transgenic maize hybrids. The hybrids were planted in the harvest in the summer of 2010 and in harvest 2010/2011, in a randomized blocks with seven treatments (hybrids) and four replications. Different levels of infestation of larvae occurred throughout the development of conventional and transgenic hybrids. The hybrid 2B710HX was the least infested with larvae of S. frugiperda and the least damaged, which concludes that the Cry1F toxin was the most effective in protecting the plant, regardless of time of sowing. The hybrids expressing the Cry11Ab and Cry1F toxin were most effective in controlling H. zea in Jaboticabal, SP, regardless of sowing time. In Pindorama, SP, toxin Cry1F showed good results against the infestation of caterpillars
The maize is a plant domesticated by humans world’s oldest and your production becomes threatened before the attack of pests. Among the pest that attack maize stand out the fall armyworn Spodoptera frugiperda and the bollworm Helicoverpa zea. S. frugiperda attacks preferably the maize plants consuming much of the leaf area before the leaves develop. H. zea hurting the culture attacking style-stigma and destroying the mand. In order to promote the management of these pests with minimal use of pesticides, the technology of genetically modified plants has been the subject of many studies. In this paper, the objective was to evaluate the infestation and injuries of S. frugiperda and determine the oviposition behavior, intensity of infestation, damage to the style-stigma and in ear caused by H. zea in field conditions in conventional and transgenic maize hybrids. The hybrids were planted in the harvest in the summer of 2010 and in harvest 2010/2011, in a randomized blocks with seven treatments (hybrids) and four replications. Different levels of infestation of larvae occurred throughout the development of conventional and transgenic hybrids. The hybrid 2B710HX was the least infested with larvae of S. frugiperda and the least damaged, which concludes that the Cry1F toxin was the most effective in protecting the plant, regardless of time of sowing. The hybrids expressing the Cry11Ab and Cry1F toxin were most effective in controlling H. zea in Jaboticabal, SP, regardless of sowing time. In Pindorama, SP, toxin Cry1F showed good results against the infestation of caterpillars
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lagarta - Controle, Milho - Pragas agrícolas - Controle, Fall armyworn - Control, Bollworn - Control
Como citar
NAIS, Juliana. Infestação de Spodoptera frugiperda e Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em híbridos comerciais de milho (Zea mays L.). 2012. vi, 70 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2012.