Obtenção de nanoanticorpos e síntese de compostos antichagásicos derivados de tiossemicarbazona
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Data
2009-08-25
Autores
Blau, Lorena [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A doença de Chagas ou Tripanossomíase americana é ainda um dos maiores problemas endêmicos na América Latina desde sua descoberta 100 anos atrás. Em 2006, havia aproximadamente 7,6 milhões de casos de infecção por Trypanosoma cruzi nos 21 países latino americanos. Cerca de 90 milhões de pessoas estão sobre o risco de contrair a infecção. O número de mortes e novos casos atribuídos a essa doença são respectivamente 21.000 e 200.000 no ano de 2000. Dois fármacos são usados particularmente para tratar esta doença, nifurtimox e benznidazol que são ativos somente na fase aguda da doença. No Brasil, somente benznidazol é disponível no mercado, por causa da resistência do nifurtimox às cepas de T. cruzi. Ambos os fármacos causam efeitos adversos graves que incluem polineuropatia periférica, agranulocitose e trombocitopenia púrpura. Embora o papel exato do sistema imune na patogenia não é totalmente entendido, é aceito que o sistema imune tenha um papel importante na proteção da infecção parasitária. Antígenos produzidos por T. cruzi afetam a função celular e induzem uma resposta caótica no hospedeiro, como a transialidase (TS) que é essencial para sobrevivência do parasita. TS é uma enzima envolvida na invasão de células hospedeiras mamíferas, na proteção contra componentes do sistema complemento e induz apoptose severa nas células do sistema imune, e que a administração de anticorpos é capaz de neutralizar esta enzima. Outro antígeno, J-18, um derivado recombinante da glicoproteína gp82, é capaz de se ligar à mucosa gástrica e isto é crucial para o estabelecimento da infecção oral. Então, um anticorpo contra esta glicoproteína poderia ser útil para inibir a invasão na mucosa gástrica. Cruzipaína é outra enzima importante do T. cruzi e suas funções parecem ser participar da nutrição, mecanismos de defesa e replicação do parasita...
Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis is still one of the major endemic problems in Latin America since its discovery 100 years ago. In 2006, there were approximately 7.6 million cases of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in 21 Latin American countries. Around 90 million people are at risk of contracting the infection. The number of deaths and new cases attributed to this disease are respectively 21,000 and 200,000 in the year 2000. Two drugs are particularly used to treat this disease; nifurtimox and benznidazol are active only in its acute phase. In Brazil, just benznidazol is available in the market, because nifurtimox resistant to T. cruzi strains. Both drugs cause severe side-effects including peripheral sensitive polyneuropathy, agranulocytosis and thrombocytopenic purpura. Although the exact role of the host immune system in the pathogenesis is not still fully understood, it is accepted that the immune system plays an important role in protection from parasitic infection. Antigen derivatives from T. cruzi affect cellular function and induce chaotic immune system host response, like trans-sialidase (TS) being essential for the parasite survival. TS is an enzyme involved in the invasion of mammalian host cells, in the protection against components of complement system and induces severe apoptose in cells of the immune system, and that antibodies administration is able to neutralize this enzyme. Another antigen, J-18, a recombinant glyprotein gp82 derivative, is able to bind to gastric mucin and this is crucial for the establishment of T. cruzi infection by oral route. Then, an antibody against this glycoprotein could be useful to inhibit the gastric mucin invasion. Cruzain is another important enzyme of T. cruzi and its functions seem to participate in nutrition, defense host mechanisms and replication of intracellular parasite. While there are no strong inhibitors against TS... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis is still one of the major endemic problems in Latin America since its discovery 100 years ago. In 2006, there were approximately 7.6 million cases of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in 21 Latin American countries. Around 90 million people are at risk of contracting the infection. The number of deaths and new cases attributed to this disease are respectively 21,000 and 200,000 in the year 2000. Two drugs are particularly used to treat this disease; nifurtimox and benznidazol are active only in its acute phase. In Brazil, just benznidazol is available in the market, because nifurtimox resistant to T. cruzi strains. Both drugs cause severe side-effects including peripheral sensitive polyneuropathy, agranulocytosis and thrombocytopenic purpura. Although the exact role of the host immune system in the pathogenesis is not still fully understood, it is accepted that the immune system plays an important role in protection from parasitic infection. Antigen derivatives from T. cruzi affect cellular function and induce chaotic immune system host response, like trans-sialidase (TS) being essential for the parasite survival. TS is an enzyme involved in the invasion of mammalian host cells, in the protection against components of complement system and induces severe apoptose in cells of the immune system, and that antibodies administration is able to neutralize this enzyme. Another antigen, J-18, a recombinant glyprotein gp82 derivative, is able to bind to gastric mucin and this is crucial for the establishment of T. cruzi infection by oral route. Then, an antibody against this glycoprotein could be useful to inhibit the gastric mucin invasion. Cruzain is another important enzyme of T. cruzi and its functions seem to participate in nutrition, defense host mechanisms and replication of intracellular parasite. While there are no strong inhibitors against TS... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Chagas, Doença de, Anticorpos monoclonais, Química farmacêutica, Tiossemicarbazona, Pró-fármaco, Chagas' disease, Pharmaceutical chemistry
Como citar
BLAU, Lorena. Obtenção de nanoanticorpos e síntese de compostos antichagásicos derivados de tiossemicarbazona. 2009. 151 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2009.