Síntese hidrotérmica de nanopartículas de 'TI''O IND.2', de nanocompósitos metal/'TI''O IND.2' e degradação oxidativa de 4-clorofenol em reator membranar fotocatalítico
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2007-07-10
Autores
Armoa, Marcelo Henrique [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nanopartículas (NP) de TiO2 puro e dopado com Fe ou Co obtidas por tratamento hidrotérmico de dispersões coloidais foram preparadas por: (i) oxidação de Ti0 com peróxido de hidrogênio em meio alcalino e (ii) aquecimento da solução resultante de (i) a 70 0C, com acetilacetonato férrico ou acetato de cobalto como fonte de dopantes. Caracterizou-se as amostras por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET), difrações de elétrons e de raios X (DRX), espectroscopia de energia dispersiva de raios X (EDX), medidas de área de superfície específica (BET) e análise térmica. A cristalização do TiO2 em meio hidrotérmico foi favorecida pela elevação isocórica da pressão. Foram obtidas NP policristalinas de anatase com diferentes tamanhos em função das condições de síntese, de 18-25 nm e 8-107 nm, determinados respectivamente por BET (dBET) e MET (dMET), com tamanho médio de cristalito (tC) de 19-40 nm. NP agregadas de anatase com elevada cristalinidade, e menor valor de tC (19 nm) foram obtidas a 230 0C e 70% de preenchimento do reator hidrotérmico, com dMET ~ 107 nm e dBET ~ 25 nm. A 180 0C e 40% de preenchimento do reator observou-se a formação de monocristais de anatase dopada com Fe (dMET ~69 nm e tC = 40 nm). Para a amostra dopada com Co (dMET ~ 35 nm e tC =28 nm) o sistema apresentou mistura de partículas monocristalinas e com caráter não cristalino. Parâmetros de estrutura cristalina dos materiais dopados comparados ao puro mostram indícios de inibição da nucleação da anatase pelo Co, e da indução do crescimentodo pelo Fe e pelo Co. Os resultados do tratamento térmico em atmosfera de H2 e caracterização por DRX, MET e XEDS sugerem a formação do nanocompósito ferromagnético, Co0- TiO2, inferindo aplicações como semicondutor magnético diluído e como catalisador disperso de fácil remoção por separação magnética...
Pure and Fe- or Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles using hydrothermal treatment of colloidaldispersions obtained by (i) Ti0 oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in alkaline medium, and (ii) heating of resulting solution from (i) at 70 oC were prepared. Either iron(III) acetylacetonate or cobalt acetate was used as dopant source. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electronic and X-ray diffractions (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermal analysis, and specific surface area measurements (BET) were used to characterize the obtained samples. In this work, isocoric pressure increasing favors the TiO2 crystallization during hydrothermal process. Anatase nanoparticles with different sizes: 18-25 nm and 8-110 nm, determined by BET (dBET) and TEM (dTEM), respectively, and average crystallite size (tC) of 19-40 nm were obtained varying the synthesis conditions. High crystallinity anatase aggregated nanoparticles with smaller tC value (19 nm) and estimated particle size dMET ~ 107 nm and dBET ~ 25 nm were prepared at 230 oC and 70% filled reactor vessel. Single-crystals Fe-doped anatase (dMET ~ 69 nm e tC = 40 nm) were obtained at 180 oCand 40% filled reactor. In the case of Co-doped anatase (dMET ~ 35 nm e tC = 28 nm), the system washeterogeneous presenting a mixture of single-crystals and amorphous-like nanoparticles. Comparisonbetween crystalline structure parameters of pure and doped materials suggests that although Coaddition leadsto decreases in the anatase nucleation rate, the Fe addition seems to be leading to anincreasing in the anatase crystallization. Co-doped TiO2 sample evaluation by XDR, TEM and EDX,after thermal treatment in H2 atmosphere, suggests Co0/TiO2 ferromagnetic nanocomposite formation. This result infers the potential nanocomposite application as diluted magnetic semiconductor and as dispersed catalyst with easy magnetic separation.
Pure and Fe- or Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles using hydrothermal treatment of colloidaldispersions obtained by (i) Ti0 oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in alkaline medium, and (ii) heating of resulting solution from (i) at 70 oC were prepared. Either iron(III) acetylacetonate or cobalt acetate was used as dopant source. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electronic and X-ray diffractions (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermal analysis, and specific surface area measurements (BET) were used to characterize the obtained samples. In this work, isocoric pressure increasing favors the TiO2 crystallization during hydrothermal process. Anatase nanoparticles with different sizes: 18-25 nm and 8-110 nm, determined by BET (dBET) and TEM (dTEM), respectively, and average crystallite size (tC) of 19-40 nm were obtained varying the synthesis conditions. High crystallinity anatase aggregated nanoparticles with smaller tC value (19 nm) and estimated particle size dMET ~ 107 nm and dBET ~ 25 nm were prepared at 230 oC and 70% filled reactor vessel. Single-crystals Fe-doped anatase (dMET ~ 69 nm e tC = 40 nm) were obtained at 180 oCand 40% filled reactor. In the case of Co-doped anatase (dMET ~ 35 nm e tC = 28 nm), the system washeterogeneous presenting a mixture of single-crystals and amorphous-like nanoparticles. Comparisonbetween crystalline structure parameters of pure and doped materials suggests that although Coaddition leadsto decreases in the anatase nucleation rate, the Fe addition seems to be leading to anincreasing in the anatase crystallization. Co-doped TiO2 sample evaluation by XDR, TEM and EDX,after thermal treatment in H2 atmosphere, suggests Co0/TiO2 ferromagnetic nanocomposite formation. This result infers the potential nanocomposite application as diluted magnetic semiconductor and as dispersed catalyst with easy magnetic separation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Físico-química, Nanopartículas, Fotocatalise, Ferro, Cobalto, Nanoparticles, Photocatalisys
Como citar
ARMOA, Marcelo Henrique. Síntese hidrotérmica de nanopartículas de 'TI''O IND.2', de nanocompósitos metal/'TI''O IND.2' e degradação oxidativa de 4-clorofenol em reator membranar fotocatalítico. 2007. 153 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2007.