História oral de idosos asilados em São Carlos-SP: velhice, asilo e memória da cidade (1950-2008)
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Data
2008-05-14
Autores
Gigante, Marcos Antônio [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo propõe uma investigação acerca da memória de idosos que residiram na cidade de São Carlos-SP, pelo menos na maior parte de suas vidas, e que hoje residem em seus asilos. Trata-se de um estudo que busca analisar as manifestações culturais, em especial aquelas ligadas à memória da cidade, presentes na sua versão da história, mediante as metamorfoses vividas na própria cidade. Estuda a cidade como espaço de conflitos sociais, tomando o idoso como patrimônio. O trabalho contempla a história oral como proposta metodológica, utilizando uma variação desta modalidade, chamada “narrativa biográfica”. É entendida como um método privilegiado para se ter em conta a memória dos idosos asilados que passaram pelas mudanças vividas na cidade. A pesquisa inclui, além de fonte oral, outros tipos de fontes, como leis, jornais, revistas e fontes secundárias (teóricas). A memória, e em especial a aqui chamada “memória avessa”, constitui-se a partir da ação dos indivíduos no interior dos conflitos sociais e marca certo descompasso em relação às reestruturações produtivas do capitalismo; tomada como fonte, da margem a memória informa o historiador sobre o centro complexo das reestruturações do capital. Informa o historiador sobre teores históricos que ficariam olvidados caso este se limitasse a outros tipos de fontes. A pesquisa desenvolve o conceito de memória a partir de intelectuais que serviram (e servem) de base para diversos estudos que se debruçaram sobre este tema: principalmente Bergson, Halbwachs e Iúri Lótman, menos conhecido no Brasil. São apresentadas leis relativas à velhice no Brasil, feitas na segunda metade do século XX. Deu-se atenção especial à ação dos diferentes atores sociais, para os quais o Estado brasileiro teve de dar respostas através de leis. É possível se falar de uma espécie de produção social da velhice...
This study proposes an investigation concerning senior citizens' memories who, at least for most of their lives, resided in the city of São Carlos-SP, living now in local nursing homes. It is a study that attempts to analyze cultural manifestations, especially those linked to the city‟s memory, present in their history version, throughout the own city‟s metamorphoses. It studies the city as a social conflict space, taking the senior citizens as patrimony. The work contemplates the oral history as methodological approach, using one of its variations, the so called “biographical narrative”, which is understood as a privileged method to study the memories of senior citizens who have taken part of the changes by which the city has been through. The research includes, besides oral sources, other kinds of them, such as laws, newspapers, magazines and secondary sources (theoretical ones). The memory, and especially what here is called “reversed side memory”, is constituted departing from the individuals' actions inside the social conflicts and it accomplishes certain disharmony in relation to the capitalism‟s productive restructurings. The historian is informed about the complex center of the capital restructurings by the memory margins of the participants. This source informs the historian about historical themes which would be forgotten if he limited himself to the use of other kinds of sources. The research develops the concept of memory starting from intellectuals who were, and still are, the base for many studies related to this theme: mainly Bergson, Halbwachs and Iúri Lótman, not very well-known in Brazil. Laws regarding senior citizens in Brazil enforced from the second half of the twentieth century on are presented. It was given special attention to actions of different social actors, for which the Brazilian State had to give answers through laws. It is possible... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This study proposes an investigation concerning senior citizens' memories who, at least for most of their lives, resided in the city of São Carlos-SP, living now in local nursing homes. It is a study that attempts to analyze cultural manifestations, especially those linked to the city‟s memory, present in their history version, throughout the own city‟s metamorphoses. It studies the city as a social conflict space, taking the senior citizens as patrimony. The work contemplates the oral history as methodological approach, using one of its variations, the so called “biographical narrative”, which is understood as a privileged method to study the memories of senior citizens who have taken part of the changes by which the city has been through. The research includes, besides oral sources, other kinds of them, such as laws, newspapers, magazines and secondary sources (theoretical ones). The memory, and especially what here is called “reversed side memory”, is constituted departing from the individuals' actions inside the social conflicts and it accomplishes certain disharmony in relation to the capitalism‟s productive restructurings. The historian is informed about the complex center of the capital restructurings by the memory margins of the participants. This source informs the historian about historical themes which would be forgotten if he limited himself to the use of other kinds of sources. The research develops the concept of memory starting from intellectuals who were, and still are, the base for many studies related to this theme: mainly Bergson, Halbwachs and Iúri Lótman, not very well-known in Brazil. Laws regarding senior citizens in Brazil enforced from the second half of the twentieth century on are presented. It was given special attention to actions of different social actors, for which the Brazilian State had to give answers through laws. It is possible... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Velhice - Legislação - Brasil, São Carlos (SP) - Idosos - História oral, Asilos, Idosos, Velhice
Como citar
GIGANTE, Marcos Antônio. História oral de idosos asilados em São Carlos-SP: velhice, asilo e memória da cidade (1950-2008). 2008. 225 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de História, Direito e Serviço Social, 2008.