O Brasil em minúcias: a visão trágico-histórica na crônica machadiana (1888-89;1892-93)
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Data
2009-02-26
Autores
Schneider, Claércio Ivan [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Compreender e analisar aspectos da sensibilidade e da subjetividade trágicas em Machado de Assis na representação da sociedade brasileira do final do século XIX é objetivo desta tese. Priorizou-se, para tanto, a seleção e a análise das crônicas “maduras” de Machado de Assis, publicadas nas séries “Bons dias!” [1888-89] e “A Semana” [1892-93], na Gazeta de Notícias. Olhiagudo, o cronista registra o cotidiano de seu tempo, ponderando criticamente sobre uma variedade de fatos e de assuntos, a maioria deles ligados aos acontecimentos divulgados nos jornais. Com a pena da melancolia e o sentimento do desencanto, Machado manifesta descrença para com o projeto de modernidade articulado pela oficialidade com a intenção de colocar o Brasil nos trilhos do progresso. Ciente do artificialismo que caracterizava esta ideologia no meio brasileiro – articulada pela elite desde a abolição mas implementada definitivamente com a República – o olhar trágico-histórico machadiano desnuda as máscaras e questiona os homens por suas imoralidades, perversidades e falsidades promovidas em nome da ciência e do progresso. Dos fatos mais grandiosos aos acontecimentos mais triviais desse contexto, o que interessa ao cronista é quebrar as aparências e instaurar a dúvida, mostrando aos leitores as contradições e as ambigüidades da modernidade à brasileira: trôpega, torta e excludente, exatamente porque pautada na perpetuação das imoralidades, em discursos falsos, na política do favor e em projetos irrealizáveis. Minúcias de uma tragédia carnavalizada.
The purpose of this thesis is to comprehend and to analyse aspects from the tragic sensitivity and subjectivity in Machado de Assis in the representation of the Brazilian society from the end of the 19th century. Therefore, the selection and the analysis from the “mature” chronicles of Machado de Assis, published in the series “Bons Dias!” [1888-89] and “A Semana” [1892-93], in the Gazeta de Notícias were prioritized. Sharp-eyed, the chronicler registers the everyday of his time, critically pondering about a variety of facts and subjects, most of them linked to the events divulged in the newspapers. With the pen of melancholy and the feeling of the disenchant, Machado shows incredulity with the modernity project articulated by the government with the intention of putting Brazil on the tracks of progress. Aware of the artificiality that used to characterize this ideology in the brazilian scene – articulated by the elite since the abolition but definitively implemented with the Republic – the machadian historicaltragic vision takes the masks off and questions men for their immoralities, perversities and falsenesses promoted in name of the science and progress. From the hugest to the most trifling events of this context, what is important to the chronicler is to break the appearances and to establish the doubt, showing the readers the contradictions and the ambiguities from the modernity in the brazilian way: shaky, distorted and excludable, exactly because it was directed in the perpetuation of the immoralities, in false speeches, in the “favor politics” and unrealizable projects. Minutiae of a carnivalised tragedy.
The purpose of this thesis is to comprehend and to analyse aspects from the tragic sensitivity and subjectivity in Machado de Assis in the representation of the Brazilian society from the end of the 19th century. Therefore, the selection and the analysis from the “mature” chronicles of Machado de Assis, published in the series “Bons Dias!” [1888-89] and “A Semana” [1892-93], in the Gazeta de Notícias were prioritized. Sharp-eyed, the chronicler registers the everyday of his time, critically pondering about a variety of facts and subjects, most of them linked to the events divulged in the newspapers. With the pen of melancholy and the feeling of the disenchant, Machado shows incredulity with the modernity project articulated by the government with the intention of putting Brazil on the tracks of progress. Aware of the artificiality that used to characterize this ideology in the brazilian scene – articulated by the elite since the abolition but definitively implemented with the Republic – the machadian historicaltragic vision takes the masks off and questions men for their immoralities, perversities and falsenesses promoted in name of the science and progress. From the hugest to the most trifling events of this context, what is important to the chronicler is to break the appearances and to establish the doubt, showing the readers the contradictions and the ambiguities from the modernity in the brazilian way: shaky, distorted and excludable, exactly because it was directed in the perpetuation of the immoralities, in false speeches, in the “favor politics” and unrealizable projects. Minutiae of a carnivalised tragedy.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Assis, Machado de, 1839-1908, Tragedia, Cronicas brasileiras - Séc. XIX, Literatura brasileira, Literatura e história, Machado de Assis, Chronicles, Tragedy
Como citar
SCHNEIDER, Claércio Ivan. O Brasil em minúcias: a visão trágico-histórica na crônica machadiana (1888-89;1892-93). 2009. 265 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, 2009.