Desempenho agronômico e marcha de absorção de nutrientes em plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) enxertadas em porta-enxertos resistentes a patógenos de solo
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2005-08-22
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Avaliou-se a produtividade, o acúmulo e a exportação de nutrientes por plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) enxertadas e não enxertadas, cultivadas sob ambiente protegido. O experimento foi conduzido de agosto de 2003 a maio de 2004 na Escola Técnica Estadual Augusto Tortolero Araújo pertencente ao Centro Estadual de Educação Tecnológica Paula Souza, em Paraguaçu Paulista, SP. Os porta-enxertos utilizados, AF 2638 e AF 2640, possuem resistência à Phytophthora capsici Leonian e Meloidogyne incognita raça 2. Os tratamentos constaram dos híbridos 'Rúbia R' e 'Margarita' sem enxertar, enxertados sobre os dois porta-enxertos e enxertados neles mesmos. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com oito tratamentos, quatro repetições e 15 plantas por parcela. As plantas foram avaliadas quanto a altura da maior haste, altura da primeira bifurcação, precocidade de florescimento, comprimento e número médio de internódios, produção e características dos frutos produzidos em 12 colheitas, massa de matéria verde e seca de folhas, caules e frutos. As análises químicas foram realizadas em uma planta por parcela aos 35, 83, 135, 178 e 213 dias após o transplante, para determinar a marcha de absorção e exportação de nutrientes. Verificou-se que os híbridos enxertados e não enxertados apresentaram produtividades médias de 132 e 153 t ha-1 para as combinações enxertadas de 'Rúbia R' e 'Rúbia R' pé-franco respectivamente e de 144 e 132 t ha-1 para as combinações enxertadas de 'Margarita' e 'Margarita' pé-franco respectivamente. O acúmulo de nutrientes não foi significativamente diferente entre plantas enxertadas e pés-francos, e a ordem decrescente dos nutrientes acumulados foi: K>N>Ca>Mg>P>S. A partir do que foi observado, concluiu-se que, nessas condições, a enxertia em plantas de pimentão não alterou seu desempenho agronômico, nem teve influência sobre a marcha de absorção de nutrientes.
It was evaluated the yield, accumulation and exportation of nutrients by sweet pepper plants grafted and non grafted, under protected cultivation. The research was carried out from August 2003 to May 2004, at the Technical School Augusto Tortolero Araújo, part of Paula Souza State Center of Technological Education, in Paraguaçu Paulista, SP, in Brazil. The rootstocks used - AF 2638 and AF 2640, are resistant to Phytophthora capsici Leonian and Meloidogyne incognita race 2. The treatments were constituted of non grafted hybrids 'Rúbia R' and 'Margarita'; grafted on two evaluated rootstocks and grafted on themselves. The experimental design was of completely randomized blocks with eight treatments, four replications and fifteen plants per plot. Five plants were sent for chemical analysis. Evaluations of the total plants height, first fork height, early blossom, length and average number of internodes, total yield and fruits characteristics of 12 harvests, fresh and dry matter of leaves, stems and fruits, were carried out. The samples for the chemical analysis were taken at the 35th, 83th, 135th, 173th and 213th days after transplantation, with the objective of determining the accumulation and exportation of the nutrients. The results proved that the grafted and non grafted plants had average yield, with the average of 132 and 153 t ha-1 for the grafted combinations of 'Rúbia R' and non grafted plants of 'Rúbia R' respectively and 144 and 132 t ha-1 for the grafted combinations of 'Margarita' and non grafted plants of 'Margarita' respectively. The accumulation of the nutrients was equivalent for grafted combinations and non grafted plants, and nutrients in decreasing order of accumulation were: K>N>Ca>Mg>P>S. It was evidenced that grafting sweet pepper plants neither its agronomic performance, nor interfered on the uptake of nutrients' absorption.
It was evaluated the yield, accumulation and exportation of nutrients by sweet pepper plants grafted and non grafted, under protected cultivation. The research was carried out from August 2003 to May 2004, at the Technical School Augusto Tortolero Araújo, part of Paula Souza State Center of Technological Education, in Paraguaçu Paulista, SP, in Brazil. The rootstocks used - AF 2638 and AF 2640, are resistant to Phytophthora capsici Leonian and Meloidogyne incognita race 2. The treatments were constituted of non grafted hybrids 'Rúbia R' and 'Margarita'; grafted on two evaluated rootstocks and grafted on themselves. The experimental design was of completely randomized blocks with eight treatments, four replications and fifteen plants per plot. Five plants were sent for chemical analysis. Evaluations of the total plants height, first fork height, early blossom, length and average number of internodes, total yield and fruits characteristics of 12 harvests, fresh and dry matter of leaves, stems and fruits, were carried out. The samples for the chemical analysis were taken at the 35th, 83th, 135th, 173th and 213th days after transplantation, with the objective of determining the accumulation and exportation of the nutrients. The results proved that the grafted and non grafted plants had average yield, with the average of 132 and 153 t ha-1 for the grafted combinations of 'Rúbia R' and non grafted plants of 'Rúbia R' respectively and 144 and 132 t ha-1 for the grafted combinations of 'Margarita' and non grafted plants of 'Margarita' respectively. The accumulation of the nutrients was equivalent for grafted combinations and non grafted plants, and nutrients in decreasing order of accumulation were: K>N>Ca>Mg>P>S. It was evidenced that grafting sweet pepper plants neither its agronomic performance, nor interfered on the uptake of nutrients' absorption.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pimentão - Nutrição, Phytophthora capsici, Capsicum annuum L, Grafting, Phytophthora capsici, Meloidogyne incognita, Curve of accumulation, Exportation of nutrients, Protected cultivation
Como citar
SANTOS, Haydée Siqueira. Desempenho agronômico e marcha de absorção de nutrientes em plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) enxertadas em porta-enxertos resistentes a patógenos de solo. 2005. xvii, 111 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2005.