Manejo da floração de mangueiras no Semi-árido do nordeste brasileiro com inibidores da síntese de giberelinas
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Data
2008-11-07
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A mangicultura na região semi-árida destaca-se no cenário nacional não só pela expansão da área cultivada, volume de produção, altos rendimentos e qualidade do fruto produzido, mas também pela possibilidade de produção durante todo o ano devido às condições climáticas e às tecnologias para o manejo do crescimento vegetativo e da floração, com uso da irrigação, podas e utilização de reguladores vegetais. O paclobutrazol aplicado ao solo é utilizado no manejo da produção da mangueira na maioria dos pomares. Entretanto, há a necessidade de identificar outros reguladores vegetais que ofereçam a eficiência no manejo de produção das diferentes cultivares e que possam ser aplicados via foliar, de forma a minimizar os riscos de resíduo no solo e da aplicação de quantidades inadequadas ao longo dos anos. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de reguladores vegetais aplicados via foliar quanto à eficiência no manejo da floração das cultivares Tommy Atkins e Kent, com maior precisão na recomendação da dose e menores riscos de contaminação da planta e do solo, permitindo o escalonamento da produção da mangueira. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na região do Vale do Rio São Francisco, em casa de vegetação, na Embrapa SemiÁrido e em condições de campo, nas Fazendas Frutavi e Andorinhas, localizadas no município de Petrolina, PE, entre outubro de 2005 e julho de 2008. Foram avaliados três reguladores vegetais aplicados via foliar: prohexadione-Ca, etil-trinexapac e cloreto de chlormequat, em duas doses, sendo estes comparados ao paclobutrazol aplicado ao solo, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e duas plantas por parcela. Para a comparação do efeito dos tratamentos, registraram-se dados relativos à brotação vegetativa (percentagem e comprimento dos ramos), emissão de panículas (percentagem e comprimento),...
The mango crop within the semi-arid region stands out in the national scenario due to the expansion of the planted area, the production quantity, high yields and quality of the fruit produced, as well as to the possibility of all-year production due to climatic conditions and technologies that allow the management of plant growth and blossom, through irrigation, pruning and use of plant growth regulators. Paclobutrazol applied to the soil is used for the production management of mango in most of the orchards. However, it is necessary to identify other vegetal regulators that might be efficient for the production management of different cultivars and might be applied to the leaves, so as to minimize the risk of residues in the soil and inadequate application quantities over several years. Therefore, the present paper has the purpose to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulators that can be applied to the leaves, regarding their efficiency for the blossom management of the cultivars Tommy Atkins and Kent, allowing off season mango production with higher precision in dosage recommendation and lesser contamination risk for the plant and the soil. The experiments were carried out in the area of the São Francisco river valley, under green-house conditions at Embrapa Semi-Àrido, and under field conditions on the farms Frutavi and Andorinhas, both located in the municipality of Petrolina, Pernambuco state, from October 2005 to July 2008. Three plant growth regulators, sprayed to the leaves, were evaluated: prohexadione-Ca, trinexapac-ethyl and chlomequat cloride, applied in two dosages, and compared to paclobutrazol applied to the soil, using a randomized blocks design, with four replications and two plants per plot. In order to compare the effects of the treatment, data were recorded related to vegetative growth (percentage and length of the shoots), ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
The mango crop within the semi-arid region stands out in the national scenario due to the expansion of the planted area, the production quantity, high yields and quality of the fruit produced, as well as to the possibility of all-year production due to climatic conditions and technologies that allow the management of plant growth and blossom, through irrigation, pruning and use of plant growth regulators. Paclobutrazol applied to the soil is used for the production management of mango in most of the orchards. However, it is necessary to identify other vegetal regulators that might be efficient for the production management of different cultivars and might be applied to the leaves, so as to minimize the risk of residues in the soil and inadequate application quantities over several years. Therefore, the present paper has the purpose to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulators that can be applied to the leaves, regarding their efficiency for the blossom management of the cultivars Tommy Atkins and Kent, allowing off season mango production with higher precision in dosage recommendation and lesser contamination risk for the plant and the soil. The experiments were carried out in the area of the São Francisco river valley, under green-house conditions at Embrapa Semi-Àrido, and under field conditions on the farms Frutavi and Andorinhas, both located in the municipality of Petrolina, Pernambuco state, from October 2005 to July 2008. Three plant growth regulators, sprayed to the leaves, were evaluated: prohexadione-Ca, trinexapac-ethyl and chlomequat cloride, applied in two dosages, and compared to paclobutrazol applied to the soil, using a randomized blocks design, with four replications and two plants per plot. In order to compare the effects of the treatment, data were recorded related to vegetative growth (percentage and length of the shoots), ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Giberelina, Floração, Reguladores de crescimento, Hormonios vegetais, Paclobutrazol, Trinexapac-ethyl, Prohexadione-Ca, Chormequat cloride
Como citar
MOUCO, Maria Aparecida do Carmo. Manejo da floração de mangueiras no Semi-árido do nordeste brasileiro com inibidores da síntese de giberelinas. 2008. xi, 107 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2008.