Avaliação da produtividade da cana-de-açúcar irrigada por gotejamento subsuperficial nos três primeiros ciclos
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Data
2004-10-15
Autores
Dalri, Alexandre Barcellos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo foi desenvolvido no período de 2000 a 2003 e conduzido em área aberta, localizada no campo experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA, UNESP. Teve como objetivo principal estudar o efeito da freqüência da irrigação subsuperficial por gotejamento no primeiro ciclo da cana-de-açúcar e a fertirrigação com nitrogênio e potássio no segundo e terceiro ciclos da cultura da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum Spp.), variedade RB 72 454. O estudo foi composto por dois experimentos: 1o) aplicação de uma lâmina d'água quando a evapotranspiração da cultura fosse equivalente a 10 mm, 20 mm e 30 mm, com a testemunha sem irrigação, no primeiro ciclo da cultura; 2o) em função do melhor manejo de irrigação obtido no primeiro ciclo, atribuiu-se uma lâmina de irrigação constante para os tratamentos irrigados, variando-se neste segundo experimento a dose de adubação NK, as quais foram equivalentes a 50%, 100% e 150% da dose recomendada, para o segundo e terceiro ciclos da cultura da cana-de-açúcar. Concluiu-se no experimento 1 que, para o manejo de irrigação adotado, não houve diferença significativa de produção de colmos entre os tratamentos irrigados, havendo diferença apenas quando os tratamentos irrigados foram comparados ao não irrigado. Apesar de não haver diferença estatística no índice produtividade, a freqüência de irrigação correspondente a evapotranspiração de 20 mm foi o tratamento que respondeu melhor à irrigação. O valor de produção obtido neste tratamento foi equivalente a 320,60 t ha-1. Em relação à qualidade tecnológica da cana-de-açúcar, a irrigação, bem como o manejo de irrigação adotado no experimento 1, não afetaram as qualidades tecnológicas analisadas (Brix, pol% caldo, pureza, fibra, pol% cana, ATR). Entretanto, a produção de ATR ha-1 (açúcar teórico recuperável)... .
This study was developed from 2000 to 2003, and carried out in an open area at experimental field of the Rural Engineering Department, Agronomical Sciences Faculty (FCA), UNESP. The main goal was to study the effect of subsurface drip irrigation frequency at sugarcane first growing season and fertigation using nitrogen and potassium in the second and third seasons of the sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.), RB 72 454 variety. The study was composed by two experiments: 1o) water application when crop evapotranspiration was equivalent to 10 mm, 20 mm e 30 mm, with a control treatment without irrigation, at the first growing season; 2o) based on the best irrigation management obtained at the first growing season, it was established a standard irrigation schedule for irrigated treatments, changing on this second experiment the NK fertilizer levels, that were equal to 50%, 100% and 150% of the recommended levels, for the second and the third growing seasons of sugarcane crop. In the first experiment it was concluded, for the adopted irrigation management, that there were no significant differences on stalk yield among the irrigated treatments, but there were differences when irrigated treatments were compared to the control. Although there were no statistical differences on yield index, the irrigation frequency related to the 20mm evapotranspiration was the treatment that had the best answer to irrigation. The yield obtained at this treatment was 320,60 t ha-1. Regarding the sugarcane technological quality, irrigation and irrigation management adopted in the first experiment did not affect the analyzed technological (sucrose). However, the ATR ha-1 (recoverable theoretical sugar) production was significative statistically bring different between irrigated treatments L2 and L3, being treatment L2 that answered better to irrigation, obtaining ATR yield of 49.973,05 kg ha-1. On experiment 2... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
This study was developed from 2000 to 2003, and carried out in an open area at experimental field of the Rural Engineering Department, Agronomical Sciences Faculty (FCA), UNESP. The main goal was to study the effect of subsurface drip irrigation frequency at sugarcane first growing season and fertigation using nitrogen and potassium in the second and third seasons of the sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.), RB 72 454 variety. The study was composed by two experiments: 1o) water application when crop evapotranspiration was equivalent to 10 mm, 20 mm e 30 mm, with a control treatment without irrigation, at the first growing season; 2o) based on the best irrigation management obtained at the first growing season, it was established a standard irrigation schedule for irrigated treatments, changing on this second experiment the NK fertilizer levels, that were equal to 50%, 100% and 150% of the recommended levels, for the second and the third growing seasons of sugarcane crop. In the first experiment it was concluded, for the adopted irrigation management, that there were no significant differences on stalk yield among the irrigated treatments, but there were differences when irrigated treatments were compared to the control. Although there were no statistical differences on yield index, the irrigation frequency related to the 20mm evapotranspiration was the treatment that had the best answer to irrigation. The yield obtained at this treatment was 320,60 t ha-1. Regarding the sugarcane technological quality, irrigation and irrigation management adopted in the first experiment did not affect the analyzed technological (sucrose). However, the ATR ha-1 (recoverable theoretical sugar) production was significative statistically bring different between irrigated treatments L2 and L3, being treatment L2 that answered better to irrigation, obtaining ATR yield of 49.973,05 kg ha-1. On experiment 2... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Irrigação - Manejo, Cana-de-açúcar, Irrigação por gotejamento, Fertirrigação, Sugarcane, Irrigation
Como citar
DALRI, Alexandre Barcellos. Avaliação da produtividade da cana-de-açúcar irrigada por gotejamento subsuperficial nos três primeiros ciclos. 2004. vii, 89 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2004.