Estudo epidemiológico de Staphylococcus spp em ambientes, água e portadores sadios e determinação da sensibilidade a antimicrobianos
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Data
2006-07-29
Autores
Lancellotti, Marcelo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho objetivou trazer uma contribuição aos estudos relacionados à infecção cruzada, por Staphylococcus spp, dentro do ambiente dos consultórios odontológicos, destacando as principais fontes de contaminação e o provável risco a que os profissionais e pacientes estão expostos. Foram coletadas 160 amostras de água, 300 amostras de fômites e 360 amostras das mãos (direita e esquerda) e da cavidade nasal de dentistas, auxiliares e pacientes em 40 consultórios. A determinação da contagem de Staphylococcus spp na água, pelo método de filtração em Millipore® ,mostrou que 28% não atenderam ao padrão de potabilidade estabelecidos pela American Dental Association. Dentre os consultórios estudados, os de atendimento de convênio apresentaram a maior contaminação da água (62,5%) e os consultórios particulares (36%) e de convênios (35%) apresentaram maior contaminação em relação aos fômites pesquisados. As regiões de fômites mais contaminadas foram: assento (90%), maçaneta (80%), aparelho de Rx (76%) e caneta de alta rotação (70%). A área anatômica mais contaminada foi à cavidade nasal (66%) seguido da mão esquerda (57%) e mão direita (42%). A correlação entre os isolados de Staphylococcus spp nos fômites, água e áreas anatômicas significativa, podendo ser sugerido que houve infecção cruzada nos consultórios odontológicos estudados. As cepas de Staphylococcus spp, isoladas das águas de abastecimento do equipamento odontológico, foram sensíveis aos antibióticos ciprofloxacina (97%) e vancomicina (91%) e resistentes a oxacilina (78%), enquanto, as cepas, isoladas de fômites, das mãos e cavidade nasal foram sensíveis ao antibiótico ciprofloxacina (85%) e resistentes a oxacilina (88%).
This work aimed at making a contribution to studies related to cross infection by Staphylococcus spp in the environment of dental offices, focusing on main contamination sources and possible risk for professionals and patients. There have been collected 160 samples of water, 300 samples of fomites, and 360 samples from hands (right and left) and nasal cavities of dentists, assistants, and patients in 40 dental offices. The count determination of Staphylococcus spp in water, through the Millipore® filtering method, has shown that 28% did not meet the standard of potability established by the American Dental Association. Among studied dental offices, dental care plan offices have presented the highest rate of contamination of water (62,5%), and private offices (36%) and dental care plan offices (35%) have presented the highest rate of contamination as to researched fomites. The most contaminated fomites areas were: chair (90%), door knob (80%), Rx device (76%), and high-speed handpiece (70%). The most contaminated anatomical area was the nasal cavity (66%), followed by left (57%) and right hands (42%). The correlation among isolated Staphylococcus spp in fomites, water, and anatomical areas was significant, therefore, it might be suggested that there has been cross infection in the studied dental offices. Strains of Staphylococcus spp, which had been isolated from dental equipment water, were sensible to antibiotics ciprofloxacin (97%) and vancomycin (91%), and they were resistant to oxacillin (78%); on the other hand, strains isolated from fomites in hands and nasal cavities were sensible to antibiotics ciprofloxacin (85%) and oxacillin (88%).
This work aimed at making a contribution to studies related to cross infection by Staphylococcus spp in the environment of dental offices, focusing on main contamination sources and possible risk for professionals and patients. There have been collected 160 samples of water, 300 samples of fomites, and 360 samples from hands (right and left) and nasal cavities of dentists, assistants, and patients in 40 dental offices. The count determination of Staphylococcus spp in water, through the Millipore® filtering method, has shown that 28% did not meet the standard of potability established by the American Dental Association. Among studied dental offices, dental care plan offices have presented the highest rate of contamination of water (62,5%), and private offices (36%) and dental care plan offices (35%) have presented the highest rate of contamination as to researched fomites. The most contaminated fomites areas were: chair (90%), door knob (80%), Rx device (76%), and high-speed handpiece (70%). The most contaminated anatomical area was the nasal cavity (66%), followed by left (57%) and right hands (42%). The correlation among isolated Staphylococcus spp in fomites, water, and anatomical areas was significant, therefore, it might be suggested that there has been cross infection in the studied dental offices. Strains of Staphylococcus spp, which had been isolated from dental equipment water, were sensible to antibiotics ciprofloxacin (97%) and vancomycin (91%), and they were resistant to oxacillin (78%); on the other hand, strains isolated from fomites in hands and nasal cavities were sensible to antibiotics ciprofloxacin (85%) and oxacillin (88%).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Estafilococos, Infecção, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Cross infection, Biofilm
Como citar
LANCELLOTTI, Marcelo. Estudo epidemiológico de Staphylococcus spp em ambientes, água e portadores sadios e determinação da sensibilidade a antimicrobianos. 2006. xv, 108 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2006.