Mucorales de solo contaminado com metais pesados na região do pólo cerâmico de Santa Gertrudes, SP: ocorrência e capacidade de biossorção de chumbo e zinco
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2006-12-05
Autores
Souza, José Ivanildo de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Em solo contaminado com metais pesados na região do pólo cerâmico do município de Santa Gertrudes, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, foi realizado o levantamento taxonômico de fungos da ordem Mucorales (Zygomycota) utilizando-se o método da placa-de-solo, modificado pela aplicação de uma suspensão de solo (10%, p v-1) sobre malte agar (2%, p v-1) acrescido de Pb(NO3)2 ou Zn(NO3)2 nas concentrações de 0 (controle), 100, 200, 500 e 1000 mg L-1. As identificações e descrições taxonômicas foram realizadas utilizando-se SMA (synthetic Mucor agar), sendo obtidos os táxons: Absidia cylindrospora v. cylindrospora Hesselt. & Ellis, Cunninghamella phaeospora Boedijn, Mucor circinelloides Tiegh. f. circinelloides, M. circinelloides Tiegh. f. lusitanicus (Bruderl.) Schipper, M. circinelloides Tiegh. f. janssenii (Lendn.) Schipper, Mucor hiemalis Wehmer f. hiemalis, M. hiemalis Wehmer f. luteus (Linnem.) Schipper, Mucor racemosus Fresen. f. racemosus, Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prins. Geerl., Zygorrhynchus moelleri Vuill. e Mucor bainieri Mehrotra & Baijal, que é citado pela primeira vez para o Brasil. Análises químicas de amostras de solo coletadas em quatro locais na área estudada confirmaram a contaminação severa por metais pesados em alguns dos locais, sendo que comparações entre o número de táxons obtidos no presente estudo com os dados de literatura permitiram concluir que houve prejuízo à diversidade de fungos na região. As biomassas secas e pulverizadas (2 g L-1) de Mucor hiemalis f. hiemalis (SPC 2040) e de Mucor hiemalis f. luteus (SPC 2044) foram colocadas em contato, sob agitação a 120 rpm por 14 h, com soluções aquosas (pH 4) de Pb(NO3)2 e Zn(NO3)2 nas concentrações de 0,06, 0,13 e 0,17 mM e de 0,08, 0,16 e 0,23 mM, respectivamente, sendo comparadas ao carvão ativado (CA), utilizado como material adsorvente de referência.
In a heavy metal contaminated soil at ceramic pole of Santa Gertrudes region, São Paulo State, Brazil, a taxonomic survey of fungi of the order Mucorales (Zygomycota) have been done using the soil plate method, modified for a soil suspension (10%, p v-1) application on malt agar (2%, p v-1) added with Pb(NO3)2 or Zn(NO3)2 at 0 (control), 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg L-1 concentrations. Taxonomic identifications and descriptions have been done with SMA (synthetic Mucor agar), obtaining the taxa: Absidia cylindrospora v. cylindrospora Hesselt. & Ellis, Cunninghamella phaeospora Boedijn, Mucor circinelloides Tiegh. f. circinelloides, M. circinelloides Tiegh. f. lusitanicus (Bruderl.) Schipper, M. circinelloides Tiegh. f. janssenii (Lendn.) Schipper, Mucor hiemalis Wehmer f. hiemalis, M. hiemalis Wehmer f. luteus (Linnem.) Schipper, Mucor racemosus Fresen. f. racemosus, Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prins. Geerl., Zygorrhynchus moelleri Vuill. and Mucor bainieri Mehrotra & Baijal, that is cited first time for Brazil. Chemical analyses of soil samples taken from four sites in the studied area confirm a severe contamination of heavy metals in some of the sites, and comparisons between taxa numbers obtained in the present study with literature data allowed conclude that there was fungal diversity disturbance in the region. The dry and grounded biomasses (2 g L-1) of Mucor hiemalis f. hiemalis (SPC 2040) and Mucor hiemalis f. luteus (SPC 2044) was kept in contact, under agitation at 120 rpm during 14 h, with aqueous solutions (pH 4) of Pb(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2 at 0.06, 0.13, 0.17 mM and 0.08, 0.16, 0.23 mM concentrations, respectively, being compared with activated charcoal (AC) as the reference adsorbent. The percentages amounts of metals removed from solutions, express by q% index, had presented the following adsorption sequences: AC > SPC 2044 > SPC 2040 for Pb and AC > SPC 2040 > SPC 2044 for Zn.
In a heavy metal contaminated soil at ceramic pole of Santa Gertrudes region, São Paulo State, Brazil, a taxonomic survey of fungi of the order Mucorales (Zygomycota) have been done using the soil plate method, modified for a soil suspension (10%, p v-1) application on malt agar (2%, p v-1) added with Pb(NO3)2 or Zn(NO3)2 at 0 (control), 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg L-1 concentrations. Taxonomic identifications and descriptions have been done with SMA (synthetic Mucor agar), obtaining the taxa: Absidia cylindrospora v. cylindrospora Hesselt. & Ellis, Cunninghamella phaeospora Boedijn, Mucor circinelloides Tiegh. f. circinelloides, M. circinelloides Tiegh. f. lusitanicus (Bruderl.) Schipper, M. circinelloides Tiegh. f. janssenii (Lendn.) Schipper, Mucor hiemalis Wehmer f. hiemalis, M. hiemalis Wehmer f. luteus (Linnem.) Schipper, Mucor racemosus Fresen. f. racemosus, Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prins. Geerl., Zygorrhynchus moelleri Vuill. and Mucor bainieri Mehrotra & Baijal, that is cited first time for Brazil. Chemical analyses of soil samples taken from four sites in the studied area confirm a severe contamination of heavy metals in some of the sites, and comparisons between taxa numbers obtained in the present study with literature data allowed conclude that there was fungal diversity disturbance in the region. The dry and grounded biomasses (2 g L-1) of Mucor hiemalis f. hiemalis (SPC 2040) and Mucor hiemalis f. luteus (SPC 2044) was kept in contact, under agitation at 120 rpm during 14 h, with aqueous solutions (pH 4) of Pb(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2 at 0.06, 0.13, 0.17 mM and 0.08, 0.16, 0.23 mM concentrations, respectively, being compared with activated charcoal (AC) as the reference adsorbent. The percentages amounts of metals removed from solutions, express by q% index, had presented the following adsorption sequences: AC > SPC 2044 > SPC 2040 for Pb and AC > SPC 2040 > SPC 2044 for Zn.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fungos, Metais pesados - Áreas contaminadas, Zigomicetos, Mucor hiemalis, Soil - Heavy metal contamination
Como citar
SOUZA, José Ivanildo de. Mucorales de solo contaminado com metais pesados na região do pólo cerâmico de Santa Gertrudes, SP: ocorrência e capacidade de biossorção de chumbo e zinco. 2006. xiv, 221 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, 2006.